NSG 3480 Final Exam Community Health Questions and
answers with rationales Top Rated Latest Version
Exam
Epidemiology - ANSWERthe study of the distribution and determinants of health and
disease in human population
Three Elements of the Epidemiological Triangle - ANSWER- Agent: actual cause of
disease
- Host: carrier of disease
- Environment: any outside factors
Use of Epidemiology in Disease Control and Prevention - ANSWERPERSON: "Who"
factors, such as demographic characteristics, health, and disease status
PLACE: "Where" factors, such as geographic (data) location, climate and environmental
conditions, and political and social environment
TIME: "When" factors, such as time of day, week, or month and secular trends over
months and years
Wheel Model of Epidemiology - ANSWERThe wheel model stresses the multiplicity of
host and environmental interactions have developed and understanding of disease has
progressed.
Which is better the triangle or the wheel? - ANSWERThe Wheel Model subscribes to
multiple-causation disease theory; therefore, it is MORE USEFUL for analyzing complex
chronic conditions and identifying factors that are amendable to nursing intervention.
Web of Causation Model - ANSWERIn essence, the web of causation model is better at
showing the relationships among variables.
Incidence rates - ANSWERdescribe the occurrence of new cases of a disease or
condition in a community
Prevalence rate - ANSWERis the number of all cases of a specific disease or condition
in a population at a given point in time
Meaningful Comparisons - ANSWERThe community nurse compares data with rates
from other cities, counties, districts, or states; from the nation; and from previous
records.
, *SHOWS TRENDS*
Risk - ANSWERprobability of an adverse event
Risk factor - ANSWERany action or condition that increases the likelihood of injury,
disease, or other negative outcome
Descriptive Epidemiology - ANSWER- Focuses on the amount and distribution of health
and health problems within a population
- The purpose is to describe the characteristics of both people who are protected from
disease and those who have a disease.
Analytic Epidemiology - ANSWERinvestigates the causes of disease by determining
why a disease rate is lower in one population group than in another.
Observational Research Study - ANSWERdiscover the etiology of disease
Cross-sectional studies (Observational) - ANSWERsometimes called prevalence or
correlational studies, examine relationships between potential causal factors and
disease at a specific time.
Retrospective studies (Observational) - ANSWERcompare individuals with a particular
condition or disease and those who do not have the disease. Data collection extends
back in time to determine previous exposure or risk factors.
Prospective studies (Observational) - ANSWERmonitor a group of disease-free
individuals to determine whether and when disease occurs.
Experimental Research Study - ANSWERtest treatment and prevention strategies.
Experimental - receives intervention
Control - received placebo
World Health Organization (WHO) - ANSWERprimary role is to direct and coordinate
international health efforts, disseminate global health stands and guidelines, and help
countries address public health concerns within the United Nations system
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) - ANSWERto improve the health and living
standards of the Americas.
United Nations - ANSWERseek to reflect world opinion and the moral authority of the
community of nations
UNICEF - ANSWERto address the needs of children and women throughout the world
answers with rationales Top Rated Latest Version
Exam
Epidemiology - ANSWERthe study of the distribution and determinants of health and
disease in human population
Three Elements of the Epidemiological Triangle - ANSWER- Agent: actual cause of
disease
- Host: carrier of disease
- Environment: any outside factors
Use of Epidemiology in Disease Control and Prevention - ANSWERPERSON: "Who"
factors, such as demographic characteristics, health, and disease status
PLACE: "Where" factors, such as geographic (data) location, climate and environmental
conditions, and political and social environment
TIME: "When" factors, such as time of day, week, or month and secular trends over
months and years
Wheel Model of Epidemiology - ANSWERThe wheel model stresses the multiplicity of
host and environmental interactions have developed and understanding of disease has
progressed.
Which is better the triangle or the wheel? - ANSWERThe Wheel Model subscribes to
multiple-causation disease theory; therefore, it is MORE USEFUL for analyzing complex
chronic conditions and identifying factors that are amendable to nursing intervention.
Web of Causation Model - ANSWERIn essence, the web of causation model is better at
showing the relationships among variables.
Incidence rates - ANSWERdescribe the occurrence of new cases of a disease or
condition in a community
Prevalence rate - ANSWERis the number of all cases of a specific disease or condition
in a population at a given point in time
Meaningful Comparisons - ANSWERThe community nurse compares data with rates
from other cities, counties, districts, or states; from the nation; and from previous
records.
, *SHOWS TRENDS*
Risk - ANSWERprobability of an adverse event
Risk factor - ANSWERany action or condition that increases the likelihood of injury,
disease, or other negative outcome
Descriptive Epidemiology - ANSWER- Focuses on the amount and distribution of health
and health problems within a population
- The purpose is to describe the characteristics of both people who are protected from
disease and those who have a disease.
Analytic Epidemiology - ANSWERinvestigates the causes of disease by determining
why a disease rate is lower in one population group than in another.
Observational Research Study - ANSWERdiscover the etiology of disease
Cross-sectional studies (Observational) - ANSWERsometimes called prevalence or
correlational studies, examine relationships between potential causal factors and
disease at a specific time.
Retrospective studies (Observational) - ANSWERcompare individuals with a particular
condition or disease and those who do not have the disease. Data collection extends
back in time to determine previous exposure or risk factors.
Prospective studies (Observational) - ANSWERmonitor a group of disease-free
individuals to determine whether and when disease occurs.
Experimental Research Study - ANSWERtest treatment and prevention strategies.
Experimental - receives intervention
Control - received placebo
World Health Organization (WHO) - ANSWERprimary role is to direct and coordinate
international health efforts, disseminate global health stands and guidelines, and help
countries address public health concerns within the United Nations system
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) - ANSWERto improve the health and living
standards of the Americas.
United Nations - ANSWERseek to reflect world opinion and the moral authority of the
community of nations
UNICEF - ANSWERto address the needs of children and women throughout the world
