TESTBANK
FOUNDATIONSFORPOPULATIONHEALTHIN
v
COMMUNITY/PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING
ss ss ss
by Marcia Stanhope, Jeanette Lancaster
s ss ss ss
6TH EDITION
ss
, Table of Contentsss ss
Chapter 01: Public Health Nursing and Population Health
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 02: The History of Public Health and Public and Community Health Nursing
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Stanhope:
Chapter 03: US and Global Health Care
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 04: Government, the Law, and Policy Activism
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 05: Economics of US Health Care
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Delivery
ss
Chapter 06: Ethics in Public and Community Health Nursing Practice
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 07: Culture of Populations in Communities
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 08: Environmental Health
ss ss ss
Chapter 09: Evidence-Based Practice
ss ss ss ss
Chapter 10: Epidemiological
ss ss ss
Applications
ss
Chapter 11: Infectious Disease Prevention and Control
ss ss ss ss ss ss
ss Chapter 12: Communicable and Infection Disease Risks
ss ss ss ss ss ss
ss Chapter 13: Community Assessment and Evaluation
ss ss ss ss ss
ss Chapter 14: Health Education in the Community
ss ss ss ss ss ss
ss Chapter 15: Case Management
ss ss ss
Chapter 16: Disaster Management
ss ss ss
Chapter 17: Public Health Surveillance and Outbreak Investigation
s ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 18: Program Management
ss ss ss ss
Chapter 19: Healthcare Improvement in the Community
ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 20: Family Development, Family Nursing Assessment, and Genomics
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 21: Family Health Risks
ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 22: Health Risks Across the Life Span
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 23: Health Equity and Care of Vulnerable Populations
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 24: Rural Health and Migrant Health
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 25: Poverty, Homelessness, Teen Pregnancy, and Mental Illness
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ss Chapter 26: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Problems in the Community
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ss Chapter 27: Violence and Human Abuse
ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 28: Nursing Practice at the Local, State, and National Levels in Public Health
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 29: The Faith Community Nurse
ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 30: The Nurse in Public Health, Home Health, Palliative Care, and Hospice
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 31: The Nurse in the Schools
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 32: The Nurse in Occupational Health
ss ss ss ss ss ss
, Chapter 01: Public Health Nursing and Population Health
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Stanhope: Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing, 6th Edition
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
MULTIPLE ssCHOICE
1. WHICH ssstatement s s best s s describes s s community-based s s nursing?
a. A sspractice s s in s s WHICH s s care s s is s s provided s s for s s individuals s s and s s families.
b. Providing s s care s s with s s a s s focus s s on s s the s s group‘s s s needs.
c. Giving s s care s s with s s a s s focus s s on s s the s s aggregate‘s s s needs.
d. A ssvalue s s system s s in s s WHICH s s all s s clients s s receive s s optimal s s care.
ANS A
By ssdefinition, sscommunity-based s s nursing ssis ssa sssetting-specific sspractice ssin ssWHICH sscare ssis s s provided ssfor ss―sick‖ ssindividuals
ssand ssfamilies s s where s s they s s live, s s work, s s and s s attend s s school. s s The s s emphasis s s is s s on s s acute s s and s s chronic s s care s s and
s s the s s provision s s of sscomprehensive, s s coordinated, s s and s s continuous s s care. s s These s s Nurses s s may s s be s s generalists s s or
s s specialists s s in s s maternal–infant, sspediatric, s s adult, s s or s s psychiatric s s mental s s health s s nursing. s s Community-based s s nursing
s s emphasizes s s acute s s and s s chronic s s care s s to ssindividuals s s and s s families, s s rather s s than s s focusing s s on s s groups, s s aggregates,
s s or s s systems.
2. WHICH ssstatement s s best s s describes s s the s s goal s s of s s community-oriented s s nursing?
a. Providing s s care s s to s s individuals s s and s s families
b. Providing s s care s s to s s manage s s acute s s or s s chronic s s conditions
c. Giving ssdirect s s care s s to s s ill s s individuals s s within s s their s s family s s setting
d. To sspreserve, s s protect, s s promote, s s or s s maintain s s health s s and s s prevent s s disease
ANS D
By s s definition, s s community-oriented s s nursing s s has s s the s s goal s s of s s preserving, s s protecting, s s or s s maintaining s s health s s and
s s preventing s s disease ssto s s promote s s the s s quality s s of s s life. s s All s s Nurses s s may s s focus s s on s s individuals s s and s s families, s s give
s s direct s s care s s to s s ill s s persons s s within s s their ssfamily s s setting, s s and s s help s s manage s s acute s s or s s chronic s s conditions.
s s These s s definitions s s are s s not s s specific s s to s s community-oriented ssnursing.
3. WHICH ssof s s the s s Following s s is s s the s s primary s s focus s s of s s public s s health s s nursing?
a. Families ssand s s groups
b. Illness-oriented sscare
c. Individuals s s within s s the s s family s s unit
d. Health s s care s s of s s communities s s and s s populations
ANS D
In s s public s s health s s nursing, s s the s s primary s s focus s s is s s on s s the s s health s s care s s of s s communities s s and s s populations s s rather
s s than s s on s s individuals, ssgroups, s s and s s families. s s The s s goal s s is s s to ssprevent s s disease ssand s s preserve, s s promote, ssrestore, s s and
s s protect s s health s s for ssthe s s community s s and ssthe s s population s s within s s it. s s Community-based s s Nurses s s deal s s primarily s s with
s s illness-oriented s s care s s of s s individuals s s and s s families ssacross s s the s s life span. s s The s s aim s s is s s to s s manage s s acute s s and
s s chronic s s health s s conditions s s in s s the s s community, s s and s s the s s focus s s of sspractice s s is s s on s s individual s s or
family-centered ssillness sscare.
4. WHICH ssof s s the s s Following s s is s s responsible s s for s s the s s dramatic s s increase s s in ss life s s expectancy s s during s s the s s 20th s s century?
a. Technology s s increases s s in s s the s s field s s of s s medical s s laboratory s s research
b. Advances s s in s s surgical s s techniques s s and s s procedures
c. Sanitation s s and s s other s s population-based s s prevention s s programs
d. Use ssof s s antibiotics s s to s s fight s s infections
ANS C
There s s has s s to s s be s s indisputable s s evidence s s collected s s over s s time s s that s s public s s health s s policies s s and s s programs s s were
s s primarily s s responsible ssfor s s increasing s s the s s average s s life ssspan s s from s s 47 s s in s s 1900 s s to s s 78.6 s s years s s in s s 2017, s s an s s increase
s s of s s approximately s s 60% ssin s s just s s over s s a sscentury ssplus s s through s s improvements s s in s s (1) s s sanitation, s s (2) s s clean s s water
s s supplies, s s (3) s s making s s workplaces s s safer, s s (4) s s improving s s food ssand s s drug s s safety,
(5) s s immunizing s s children, s s and s s (6) s s improving s s nutrition, s s hygiene, s s and s s housing. s s Although s s people s s are s s excited
s s when s s a s s new s s drug ssis s s discovered s s that s s cures s s a s s disease s s or s s when s s a s s new s s way s s to s s transplant s s organs s s is
s s perfected, s s it s s is s s important s s to s s know s s about s s the sssignificant s s gains s s in s s the s s health s s of s s populations s s that s s have
s s come s s largely s s from s s public s s health s s accomplishments.
5. A ssNurse ssis s s developing ssa s s plan ssto s s decrease s s the ssnumber ssof sspremature ssdeaths s s in ssthe sscommunity.
ss WHICH ssof ssthe ssFollowing s s interventions s s would s s most s s likely s s be s s implemented s s by s s the s s Nurse?
a. Provide s s free s s health s s care s s to s s all s s citizens
b. To ssincrease s s the s s number s s of s s individuals s s with s s access s s to s s effective s s health s s care s s benefits
c. Lower s s the s s cost s s of s s health s s care s s to s s the s s American s s population
d. To s s lessen s s the s s governmental s s burden s s of s s providing s s health s s care s s to s s Americans
ANS B
The s s central s s feature s s in s s the s s Patient s s Protection s s and s s Affordable s s Care s s Act s s (ACA) s s of s s 2010 s s are s s the
s s mechanisms s s to s s increase s s the ssnumber s s of s s people s s with s s health s s insurance. s s The s s care s s provided s s is s s not s s necessarily
s s free. s s While s s the s s cost s s of s s health s s care s s and s s the ssburden s s it s s places s s on s s the s s American s s government s s are s s serious
s s concerns, s s they s s are s s not s s the s s primary s s focus s s of s s ACA.
. 1
, 6. What s s is s s the s s basic s s assumption s s stated s s by s s Healthy s s People s s 2010 s s as s s it s s relates s s to s s public s s health ss efforts?
a. Health ss disparities s s among s s any s s groups s s are s s morally s s and s s legally s s wrong.
b. Health sscare s s is s s the s s most s s important s s priority s s in s s government s s planning s s and s s funding.
c. The sshealth s s of s s individuals s s cannot s s be s s separated s s from s s the s s health s s of s s the s s community.
d. The ss government s s is s s responsible s s for s s lengthening s s the s s life s s span s s of s s Americans.
ANS C
The s s major s s premise s s of s s Healthy s s People s s 2010 s s was s s that s s the s s health s s of s s the s s individual s s cannot s s be s s entirely
s s separate s s from s s the s s health ssof s s the s s larger s s community. s s Public s s health s s practice s s focuses s s on s s the s s community s s as
s s a s s whole, s s and s s the s s effect s s of s s the s s community‘s sshealth s s status s s (resources) s s on s s the s s health s s of s s individuals,
s s families, s s and s s groups. ssThe s s goal s s is ssto s s prevent s s disease s s and s s disability s s and sspromote s s and ssprotect s s the s s health s s of
s s the s s community s s as s s a s s whole. s s Public s s health s s can s s be s s described s s as s s what s s society s s collectively ssdoes s s to s s ensure
s s that s s conditions s s exist s s in s s WHICH s s people s s can s s be s s healthy. s s The s s basic s s assumptions s s of s s public s s health s s do s s not
s s judge ssthe s s morality s s of s s health s s disparities. s s The s s focus s s is s s on s s prevention s s of s s illness s s not s s on s s spending s s more s s on
s s illness s s care. s s Additionally, ssindividual s s responsibility s s for s s making s s healthy s s choices s s is s s the s s directive s s for
s s lengthening s s life s s span s s not s s the s s role s s of s s the ssgovernment.
7. WHICH ssof s s the s s Following s s actions s s would s s most s s likely s s be s s performed s s by s s a s s public s s health s s Nurse?
a. Asking s s community s s leaders s s what s s interventions s s should s s be s s chosen
b. Assessing ss the s s community s s and s s deciding s s on s s appropriate s s interventions
c. Using ssdata ssfrom ssthe ssmain sshealth sscare ssinstitutions ssin ssthe
community ssto ssdetermine s s needed s s health s s services
ss
d. Working sswith s s community s s groups s s to s s create s s policies s s to s s improve s s the s s environment
ANS D
Although s s the s s public s s health s s Nurse s s might s s engage s s in s s any s s of s s the s s tasks s s listed, s s he s s or s s she s s works s s primarily
s s with s s members s s of s s the sscommunity s s to s s carry s s out s s core s s public s s health s s functions, s s including s s assessment s s of s s the
s s population s s as s s a s s whole s s and s s engaging s s in sspromoting s s health s s and s s improving s s the s s environment. s s The
s s interventions s s of s s asking s s community s s leaders s s WHICH s s interventions ssshould s s be s s chosen, s s assessing s s the s s community
s s and s s deciding s s on s s appropriate s s interventions, s s and s s using s s data s s from s s health s s care ssinstitutions s s do s s not s s demonstrate
s s the s s engagement s s of s s the s s community s s when s s making s s decisions s s about s s what s s the s s community ssactually s s wants s s and
s s needs.
8. WHICH sspublic s s health s s Nurse s s most s s clearly s s fulfills s s the s s responsibilities s s of s s this s s role?
a. The ssNurse s s who s s met s s with s s several s s groups s s to s s discuss s s community s s recreation s s issues
b. The ssNurse s s who s s spent s s the s s day s s attending s s meetings s s of s s various s s health s s agencies
c. The ss Nurse s s who s s talked s s to s s several s s people s s about s s their s s particular s s health s s concerns
d. The ssNurse s s who s s watched s s the s s city s s council s s meeting s s on s s local s s cable s s television
ANS B
Any s s of s s these s s descriptions s s might s s represent s s a s s Nurse s s communicating, s s cooperating, s s or s s collaborating s s with
s s community s s residents ssor s s groups s s about s s health s s concerns. s s A s s major s s challenge s s for s s the s s future s s is s s the s s need s s for
s s public s s health s s nursing s s specialists s s to s s be ssmore s s aggressive s s in s s working s s collaboratively s s with s s various s s groups s s in
s s the s s community s s as s s well s s as s s professional s s colleagues s s in ssinstitutional s s settings s s to s s deal s s with s s barriers s s to s s health.
s s However, s s the s s Nurse s s who s s spent s s the s s day s s attending s s meetings s s of s s various sshealth s s agencies s s is s s the s s most
s s representative, s s because s s in s s public s s health, s s concerns s s are s s addressed s s from s s a s s broader s s perspective. s s In sspublic
s s health, s s broad s s concerns s s of ssthe sscommunity ssshould ssbe ssaddressed. s s Concerns s s are ssbroader ssthan s s recreation, s s individual
ssconcerns s s are s s not s s as s s important s s as s s aggregate s s priorities, s s and s s watching s s television s s (a s s one-way s s form s s of
s s communication) s s is s s less sseffective s s than s s interacting s s with s s others.
9. WHICH s s of s s the s s Following s s best s s defines s s aggregate?
a. A s s large s s group s s of s s persons
b. A s s collection s s of s s individuals s s and s s families
c. A sscollection s s of s s people s s who s s share s s one s s or s s more s s characteristics
d. Another s s name s s for s s demographic s s group
ANS C
An s s aggregate s s is s s defined s s a s s collection s s of s s people s s who s s share s s one s s or s s more s s personal s s or s s environmental
s s characteristics. s s Members ssof s s a s s community s s can s s be s s defined s s in s s terms s s of s s either s s geography s s (e.g., s s a s s county,
s s a s s group s s of s s counties, s s or s s a s s state) s s or s s a s s special ssinterest s s (e.g., s s children s s attending s s a ssparticular s s school). s s These
s s members s s make ssup s s a sspopulation. s s The ssterm s s population s s may ssbe ssused ssinterchangeably s s with s s the s s term s s aggregate. s s A
s s large s s group s s of s s persons, s s a s s collection s s of s s individuals s s and s s families, s s and s s another ssname s s for s s demographic
s s group s s are s s not s s accurate s s definitions s s of s s the s s term s s aggregate.
10. WHICH ssquestion s s asked ss by s s a s s novice s s Nurse s s would s s be s s the s s most s s reflective s s of s s an s s understanding s s of s s the s s role
s s of s s a s s public s s health ssNurse?
a. ―WHICH ssgroups ssare s s at s s the s s greatest s s risk s s for ss problems?‖
b. ―WHICH sspatients s s should s s I sssee s s first s s as s s I ssbegin s s my s s day?‖
c. ―With ssWHICH ss physicians s s will s s I ssbe s s most s s closely s s collaborating?‖
d. ―With ssWHICH s s nursing s s assistants s s will s s I sspartner ss the s s most?‖
ANS A
Asking s s WHICH ssgroups ssare ssat s s greatest s s risk s s reflects s s a sscommunity-oriented s s perspective. s s The ssincorrect s s responses ssreflect s s a
ssfocus sson ssindividuals s s rather s s than s s a s s community-oriented s s perspective.
11. Making sssure s s that s s essential s s community-oriented s s health s s services s s are s s available s s defines s s WHICH s s of s s the s s core s s public s s health
ss functions?
a. Policy s s development
b. Assessment
c. Assurance
d. Scientific s s knowledge-based s s care
ANS C
Assurance ssincludes ssmaking sssure ssthat ssessential sscommunity-oriented sshealth s s services ssare ssavailable ssin ssthe sscommunity. ssThe
. 2
FOUNDATIONSFORPOPULATIONHEALTHIN
v
COMMUNITY/PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING
ss ss ss
by Marcia Stanhope, Jeanette Lancaster
s ss ss ss
6TH EDITION
ss
, Table of Contentsss ss
Chapter 01: Public Health Nursing and Population Health
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 02: The History of Public Health and Public and Community Health Nursing
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Stanhope:
Chapter 03: US and Global Health Care
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 04: Government, the Law, and Policy Activism
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 05: Economics of US Health Care
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Delivery
ss
Chapter 06: Ethics in Public and Community Health Nursing Practice
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 07: Culture of Populations in Communities
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 08: Environmental Health
ss ss ss
Chapter 09: Evidence-Based Practice
ss ss ss ss
Chapter 10: Epidemiological
ss ss ss
Applications
ss
Chapter 11: Infectious Disease Prevention and Control
ss ss ss ss ss ss
ss Chapter 12: Communicable and Infection Disease Risks
ss ss ss ss ss ss
ss Chapter 13: Community Assessment and Evaluation
ss ss ss ss ss
ss Chapter 14: Health Education in the Community
ss ss ss ss ss ss
ss Chapter 15: Case Management
ss ss ss
Chapter 16: Disaster Management
ss ss ss
Chapter 17: Public Health Surveillance and Outbreak Investigation
s ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 18: Program Management
ss ss ss ss
Chapter 19: Healthcare Improvement in the Community
ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 20: Family Development, Family Nursing Assessment, and Genomics
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 21: Family Health Risks
ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 22: Health Risks Across the Life Span
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 23: Health Equity and Care of Vulnerable Populations
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 24: Rural Health and Migrant Health
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 25: Poverty, Homelessness, Teen Pregnancy, and Mental Illness
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ss Chapter 26: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Problems in the Community
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
ss Chapter 27: Violence and Human Abuse
ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 28: Nursing Practice at the Local, State, and National Levels in Public Health
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 29: The Faith Community Nurse
ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 30: The Nurse in Public Health, Home Health, Palliative Care, and Hospice
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 31: The Nurse in the Schools
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Chapter 32: The Nurse in Occupational Health
ss ss ss ss ss ss
, Chapter 01: Public Health Nursing and Population Health
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
Stanhope: Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing, 6th Edition
ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss ss
MULTIPLE ssCHOICE
1. WHICH ssstatement s s best s s describes s s community-based s s nursing?
a. A sspractice s s in s s WHICH s s care s s is s s provided s s for s s individuals s s and s s families.
b. Providing s s care s s with s s a s s focus s s on s s the s s group‘s s s needs.
c. Giving s s care s s with s s a s s focus s s on s s the s s aggregate‘s s s needs.
d. A ssvalue s s system s s in s s WHICH s s all s s clients s s receive s s optimal s s care.
ANS A
By ssdefinition, sscommunity-based s s nursing ssis ssa sssetting-specific sspractice ssin ssWHICH sscare ssis s s provided ssfor ss―sick‖ ssindividuals
ssand ssfamilies s s where s s they s s live, s s work, s s and s s attend s s school. s s The s s emphasis s s is s s on s s acute s s and s s chronic s s care s s and
s s the s s provision s s of sscomprehensive, s s coordinated, s s and s s continuous s s care. s s These s s Nurses s s may s s be s s generalists s s or
s s specialists s s in s s maternal–infant, sspediatric, s s adult, s s or s s psychiatric s s mental s s health s s nursing. s s Community-based s s nursing
s s emphasizes s s acute s s and s s chronic s s care s s to ssindividuals s s and s s families, s s rather s s than s s focusing s s on s s groups, s s aggregates,
s s or s s systems.
2. WHICH ssstatement s s best s s describes s s the s s goal s s of s s community-oriented s s nursing?
a. Providing s s care s s to s s individuals s s and s s families
b. Providing s s care s s to s s manage s s acute s s or s s chronic s s conditions
c. Giving ssdirect s s care s s to s s ill s s individuals s s within s s their s s family s s setting
d. To sspreserve, s s protect, s s promote, s s or s s maintain s s health s s and s s prevent s s disease
ANS D
By s s definition, s s community-oriented s s nursing s s has s s the s s goal s s of s s preserving, s s protecting, s s or s s maintaining s s health s s and
s s preventing s s disease ssto s s promote s s the s s quality s s of s s life. s s All s s Nurses s s may s s focus s s on s s individuals s s and s s families, s s give
s s direct s s care s s to s s ill s s persons s s within s s their ssfamily s s setting, s s and s s help s s manage s s acute s s or s s chronic s s conditions.
s s These s s definitions s s are s s not s s specific s s to s s community-oriented ssnursing.
3. WHICH ssof s s the s s Following s s is s s the s s primary s s focus s s of s s public s s health s s nursing?
a. Families ssand s s groups
b. Illness-oriented sscare
c. Individuals s s within s s the s s family s s unit
d. Health s s care s s of s s communities s s and s s populations
ANS D
In s s public s s health s s nursing, s s the s s primary s s focus s s is s s on s s the s s health s s care s s of s s communities s s and s s populations s s rather
s s than s s on s s individuals, ssgroups, s s and s s families. s s The s s goal s s is s s to ssprevent s s disease ssand s s preserve, s s promote, ssrestore, s s and
s s protect s s health s s for ssthe s s community s s and ssthe s s population s s within s s it. s s Community-based s s Nurses s s deal s s primarily s s with
s s illness-oriented s s care s s of s s individuals s s and s s families ssacross s s the s s life span. s s The s s aim s s is s s to s s manage s s acute s s and
s s chronic s s health s s conditions s s in s s the s s community, s s and s s the s s focus s s of sspractice s s is s s on s s individual s s or
family-centered ssillness sscare.
4. WHICH ssof s s the s s Following s s is s s responsible s s for s s the s s dramatic s s increase s s in ss life s s expectancy s s during s s the s s 20th s s century?
a. Technology s s increases s s in s s the s s field s s of s s medical s s laboratory s s research
b. Advances s s in s s surgical s s techniques s s and s s procedures
c. Sanitation s s and s s other s s population-based s s prevention s s programs
d. Use ssof s s antibiotics s s to s s fight s s infections
ANS C
There s s has s s to s s be s s indisputable s s evidence s s collected s s over s s time s s that s s public s s health s s policies s s and s s programs s s were
s s primarily s s responsible ssfor s s increasing s s the s s average s s life ssspan s s from s s 47 s s in s s 1900 s s to s s 78.6 s s years s s in s s 2017, s s an s s increase
s s of s s approximately s s 60% ssin s s just s s over s s a sscentury ssplus s s through s s improvements s s in s s (1) s s sanitation, s s (2) s s clean s s water
s s supplies, s s (3) s s making s s workplaces s s safer, s s (4) s s improving s s food ssand s s drug s s safety,
(5) s s immunizing s s children, s s and s s (6) s s improving s s nutrition, s s hygiene, s s and s s housing. s s Although s s people s s are s s excited
s s when s s a s s new s s drug ssis s s discovered s s that s s cures s s a s s disease s s or s s when s s a s s new s s way s s to s s transplant s s organs s s is
s s perfected, s s it s s is s s important s s to s s know s s about s s the sssignificant s s gains s s in s s the s s health s s of s s populations s s that s s have
s s come s s largely s s from s s public s s health s s accomplishments.
5. A ssNurse ssis s s developing ssa s s plan ssto s s decrease s s the ssnumber ssof sspremature ssdeaths s s in ssthe sscommunity.
ss WHICH ssof ssthe ssFollowing s s interventions s s would s s most s s likely s s be s s implemented s s by s s the s s Nurse?
a. Provide s s free s s health s s care s s to s s all s s citizens
b. To ssincrease s s the s s number s s of s s individuals s s with s s access s s to s s effective s s health s s care s s benefits
c. Lower s s the s s cost s s of s s health s s care s s to s s the s s American s s population
d. To s s lessen s s the s s governmental s s burden s s of s s providing s s health s s care s s to s s Americans
ANS B
The s s central s s feature s s in s s the s s Patient s s Protection s s and s s Affordable s s Care s s Act s s (ACA) s s of s s 2010 s s are s s the
s s mechanisms s s to s s increase s s the ssnumber s s of s s people s s with s s health s s insurance. s s The s s care s s provided s s is s s not s s necessarily
s s free. s s While s s the s s cost s s of s s health s s care s s and s s the ssburden s s it s s places s s on s s the s s American s s government s s are s s serious
s s concerns, s s they s s are s s not s s the s s primary s s focus s s of s s ACA.
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, 6. What s s is s s the s s basic s s assumption s s stated s s by s s Healthy s s People s s 2010 s s as s s it s s relates s s to s s public s s health ss efforts?
a. Health ss disparities s s among s s any s s groups s s are s s morally s s and s s legally s s wrong.
b. Health sscare s s is s s the s s most s s important s s priority s s in s s government s s planning s s and s s funding.
c. The sshealth s s of s s individuals s s cannot s s be s s separated s s from s s the s s health s s of s s the s s community.
d. The ss government s s is s s responsible s s for s s lengthening s s the s s life s s span s s of s s Americans.
ANS C
The s s major s s premise s s of s s Healthy s s People s s 2010 s s was s s that s s the s s health s s of s s the s s individual s s cannot s s be s s entirely
s s separate s s from s s the s s health ssof s s the s s larger s s community. s s Public s s health s s practice s s focuses s s on s s the s s community s s as
s s a s s whole, s s and s s the s s effect s s of s s the s s community‘s sshealth s s status s s (resources) s s on s s the s s health s s of s s individuals,
s s families, s s and s s groups. ssThe s s goal s s is ssto s s prevent s s disease s s and s s disability s s and sspromote s s and ssprotect s s the s s health s s of
s s the s s community s s as s s a s s whole. s s Public s s health s s can s s be s s described s s as s s what s s society s s collectively ssdoes s s to s s ensure
s s that s s conditions s s exist s s in s s WHICH s s people s s can s s be s s healthy. s s The s s basic s s assumptions s s of s s public s s health s s do s s not
s s judge ssthe s s morality s s of s s health s s disparities. s s The s s focus s s is s s on s s prevention s s of s s illness s s not s s on s s spending s s more s s on
s s illness s s care. s s Additionally, ssindividual s s responsibility s s for s s making s s healthy s s choices s s is s s the s s directive s s for
s s lengthening s s life s s span s s not s s the s s role s s of s s the ssgovernment.
7. WHICH ssof s s the s s Following s s actions s s would s s most s s likely s s be s s performed s s by s s a s s public s s health s s Nurse?
a. Asking s s community s s leaders s s what s s interventions s s should s s be s s chosen
b. Assessing ss the s s community s s and s s deciding s s on s s appropriate s s interventions
c. Using ssdata ssfrom ssthe ssmain sshealth sscare ssinstitutions ssin ssthe
community ssto ssdetermine s s needed s s health s s services
ss
d. Working sswith s s community s s groups s s to s s create s s policies s s to s s improve s s the s s environment
ANS D
Although s s the s s public s s health s s Nurse s s might s s engage s s in s s any s s of s s the s s tasks s s listed, s s he s s or s s she s s works s s primarily
s s with s s members s s of s s the sscommunity s s to s s carry s s out s s core s s public s s health s s functions, s s including s s assessment s s of s s the
s s population s s as s s a s s whole s s and s s engaging s s in sspromoting s s health s s and s s improving s s the s s environment. s s The
s s interventions s s of s s asking s s community s s leaders s s WHICH s s interventions ssshould s s be s s chosen, s s assessing s s the s s community
s s and s s deciding s s on s s appropriate s s interventions, s s and s s using s s data s s from s s health s s care ssinstitutions s s do s s not s s demonstrate
s s the s s engagement s s of s s the s s community s s when s s making s s decisions s s about s s what s s the s s community ssactually s s wants s s and
s s needs.
8. WHICH sspublic s s health s s Nurse s s most s s clearly s s fulfills s s the s s responsibilities s s of s s this s s role?
a. The ssNurse s s who s s met s s with s s several s s groups s s to s s discuss s s community s s recreation s s issues
b. The ssNurse s s who s s spent s s the s s day s s attending s s meetings s s of s s various s s health s s agencies
c. The ss Nurse s s who s s talked s s to s s several s s people s s about s s their s s particular s s health s s concerns
d. The ssNurse s s who s s watched s s the s s city s s council s s meeting s s on s s local s s cable s s television
ANS B
Any s s of s s these s s descriptions s s might s s represent s s a s s Nurse s s communicating, s s cooperating, s s or s s collaborating s s with
s s community s s residents ssor s s groups s s about s s health s s concerns. s s A s s major s s challenge s s for s s the s s future s s is s s the s s need s s for
s s public s s health s s nursing s s specialists s s to s s be ssmore s s aggressive s s in s s working s s collaboratively s s with s s various s s groups s s in
s s the s s community s s as s s well s s as s s professional s s colleagues s s in ssinstitutional s s settings s s to s s deal s s with s s barriers s s to s s health.
s s However, s s the s s Nurse s s who s s spent s s the s s day s s attending s s meetings s s of s s various sshealth s s agencies s s is s s the s s most
s s representative, s s because s s in s s public s s health, s s concerns s s are s s addressed s s from s s a s s broader s s perspective. s s In sspublic
s s health, s s broad s s concerns s s of ssthe sscommunity ssshould ssbe ssaddressed. s s Concerns s s are ssbroader ssthan s s recreation, s s individual
ssconcerns s s are s s not s s as s s important s s as s s aggregate s s priorities, s s and s s watching s s television s s (a s s one-way s s form s s of
s s communication) s s is s s less sseffective s s than s s interacting s s with s s others.
9. WHICH s s of s s the s s Following s s best s s defines s s aggregate?
a. A s s large s s group s s of s s persons
b. A s s collection s s of s s individuals s s and s s families
c. A sscollection s s of s s people s s who s s share s s one s s or s s more s s characteristics
d. Another s s name s s for s s demographic s s group
ANS C
An s s aggregate s s is s s defined s s a s s collection s s of s s people s s who s s share s s one s s or s s more s s personal s s or s s environmental
s s characteristics. s s Members ssof s s a s s community s s can s s be s s defined s s in s s terms s s of s s either s s geography s s (e.g., s s a s s county,
s s a s s group s s of s s counties, s s or s s a s s state) s s or s s a s s special ssinterest s s (e.g., s s children s s attending s s a ssparticular s s school). s s These
s s members s s make ssup s s a sspopulation. s s The ssterm s s population s s may ssbe ssused ssinterchangeably s s with s s the s s term s s aggregate. s s A
s s large s s group s s of s s persons, s s a s s collection s s of s s individuals s s and s s families, s s and s s another ssname s s for s s demographic
s s group s s are s s not s s accurate s s definitions s s of s s the s s term s s aggregate.
10. WHICH ssquestion s s asked ss by s s a s s novice s s Nurse s s would s s be s s the s s most s s reflective s s of s s an s s understanding s s of s s the s s role
s s of s s a s s public s s health ssNurse?
a. ―WHICH ssgroups ssare s s at s s the s s greatest s s risk s s for ss problems?‖
b. ―WHICH sspatients s s should s s I sssee s s first s s as s s I ssbegin s s my s s day?‖
c. ―With ssWHICH ss physicians s s will s s I ssbe s s most s s closely s s collaborating?‖
d. ―With ssWHICH s s nursing s s assistants s s will s s I sspartner ss the s s most?‖
ANS A
Asking s s WHICH ssgroups ssare ssat s s greatest s s risk s s reflects s s a sscommunity-oriented s s perspective. s s The ssincorrect s s responses ssreflect s s a
ssfocus sson ssindividuals s s rather s s than s s a s s community-oriented s s perspective.
11. Making sssure s s that s s essential s s community-oriented s s health s s services s s are s s available s s defines s s WHICH s s of s s the s s core s s public s s health
ss functions?
a. Policy s s development
b. Assessment
c. Assurance
d. Scientific s s knowledge-based s s care
ANS C
Assurance ssincludes ssmaking sssure ssthat ssessential sscommunity-oriented sshealth s s services ssare ssavailable ssin ssthe sscommunity. ssThe
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