NSG 6005 WEEK 2 KNOWLEDGE CHECK QUIZ ANSWERS (Graded A+)

NSG 6005 WEEK 2 KNOWLEDGE CHECK QUIZ ANSWERS 1. Question : Patient education regarding prescribed medication includes: Student Answer: Instructions written at the high school reading level Discussion of expected ADRs How to store leftover medication such as antibiotics Verbal instructions always in English Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 2. Question : Patients with psychiatric illnesses have adherence rates to their drug regimen between 35% and 60%. To improve adherence in this population, prescribe drugs: Student Answer: With a longer half-life so that missed doses produce a longer taper on the drug curve In oral formulations that are more easily taken That do not require frequent monitoring Combined with patient education about the need to adhere even when symptoms are absent Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 3. Question : A twenty-four-year-old male received multiple fractures in a motor vehicle accident that required significant amounts of opioid medication to treat his pain. He is at risk for Type __ ADR when he no longer requires the opioids. Student Answer: A C E G Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 4. Question : An advantage of prescribing a sublingual medication is that the medication is: Student Answer: Absorbed rapidly Excreted rapidly Metabolized minimally Distributed equally Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 5. Question : The time required for the amount of drug in the body to decrease by 50% is called: Student Answer: Steady state Half-life Phase II metabolism Reduced bioavailability time Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 6. Question : The first step in the prescribing process according to the World Health Organization is: Student Answer: Choosing the treatment Educating the patient about the medication Diagnosing the patient’s problem Starting the treatment Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 7. Question : The type of ADR that is the result of an unwanted but otherwise normal pharmacological action of a drug given in the usual therapeutic doses is: Student Answer: Type A Type B Type C Type D Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 8. Question : Pharmacokinetic factors that affect prescribing include: Student Answer: Therapeutic index Minimum effective concentration Bioavailability Ease of titration Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 9. Question : The role of the nurse practitioner in the use of herbal medication is to: Student Answer: Maintain competence in the prescribing of common herbal remedies. Recommend common OTC herbs to patients. Educate patients and guide them to appropriate sources of care. Encourage patients to not use herbal therapy due to the documented dangers. Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 10. Question : Drugs that have a significant first-pass effect: Student Answer: Must be given by the enteral (oral) route only Bypass the hepatic circulation Are rapidly metabolized by the liver and may have little if any desired action Are converted by the liver to more active and fat-soluble forms Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 11. Question : Infants and young children are at higher risk of ADRs due to: Student Answer: Immature renal function in school-age children Lack of safety and efficacy studies in the pediatric population Children’s skin being thicker than adults, requiring higher dosages of topical medication Infant boys having a higher proportion of muscle mass, leading to a higher volume of distribution Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 12. Question : Steady state is: Student Answer: The point on the drug concentration curve when absorption exceeds excretion When the amount of drug in the body remains constant When the amount of drug in the body stays below the minimum toxic concentration (MTC) All of the above Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 13. Question : Which one of the following statements about bioavailability is true? Student Answer: Bioavailability issues are especially important for drugs with narrow therapeutic ranges or sustained release mechanisms. All brands of a drug have the same bioavailability. Drugs that are administered more than once a day have greater bioavailability than drugs given once daily. Combining an active drug with an inert substance does not affect bioavailability. Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 14. Question : Genetic polymorphisms account for differences in metabolism, including: Student Answer: Poor metabolizers (PMs) that lack a working enzyme Intermediate metabolizers (IMs) that have one working, wild-type allele and one mutant allele Extensive metabolizers (EMs), with two normally functioning alleles All of the above Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 15. Question : Nonadherence is especially common in drugs that treat asymptomatic conditions, such as hypertension. One way to reduce the likelihood of nonadherence to these drugs is to prescribe a drug that: Student Answer: Has a short half-life so that missing one dose has limited effect Requires several dosage titrations so that missed doses can be replaced with lower doses to keep costs down Has a tolerability profile with less of the adverse effects that are considered “irritating,” such as nausea and dizziness Must be taken no more than twice a day Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 16. Question : Warfarin resistance may be seen in patients with VCORC1 mutation, leading to: Student Answer: Toxic levels of warfarin building up Decreased response to warfarin Increased risk for significant drug interactions with warfarin Less risk of drug interactions with warfarin Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 17. Question : Herbs and supplements are tested for safety by the FDA. Student Answer: True False Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 18. Question : A patient may develop neutropenia from using topical Silvadene for burns. Neutropenia is: Student Answer: A cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction An immune complex hypersensitivity An immediate hypersensitivity reaction A delayed hypersensitivity reaction Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 19. Question : Carbamazepine has a black box warning recommending testing for the HLA-B*1502 allele in patients with Asian ancestry prior to starting therapy due to: Student Answer: Decreased effectiveness of carbamazepine in treating seizures in Asian patients with the HLA-B*1502 allele Increased risk for drug interactions in Asian patients with the HLA-B*1502 allele Increased risk for Stevens-Johnson syndrome in Asian patients with HLA-B*1502 allele Patients who have the HLA-B*1502 allele being more likely to have a resistance to carbamazepine Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: Question 20. Question : A patient’s nutritional intake and lab work reflect hypoalbuminemia. This is critical to prescribing because: Student Answer: Distribution of drugs to target tissue may be affected The solubility of the drug will not match the site of absorption There will be less free drug available to generate an effect Drugs bound to albumin are readily excreted by the kidney Points Received: 2.5 of 2.5 Comments: