BOC 7TH: CLINICAL CHEMISTRy complete questions & correct verified
answers
1. Following overnight fasting, hypoglycemia in adults is defined as a glucose
of:
a. d
70 mg/dL (d3 .9 mmol/L)
b. d60 mg/dL (d3 .3 mmol/L)
c. d
55 mg/dL (d3 .0 mmol/L)
d. d45 mg/dL (d2 .5 mmol/L): c. 5d5 mg/dL (3d.0 mmol/L)
Diagnosis of hypoglycemia in non-diabetic adults. If blood glucose levels are measured while the person is experiencing
those symptoms and found to be 4d5 mg/dL ( 2d. 5 mmol/L) in a woman 5d5 mg/dL ( 3d. 0 mmol/L) in a man.
2. c. all values are consistent with a normal healthy individual
Fasting whole blood is 10-15% lower than plasma glucose: The results shown in the table
are from a 21-year-old patient with a back injury who appears otherwise healthy:
The best interpretation of these results is that:
a. the whole blood and serum values are expected but the CSF value is elevated
b. the whole blood glucose value should be higher than the serum value
c. all values are consistent with a normal healthy individual
d. the serum and whole blood values should be identical
3. The preparation of a patient for standard glucose tolerance testing should
include:
a. a high carbohydrate diet for 3 days
b. a low carbohydrate diet for 3 days
c. fasting for 48 hours prior to testing
d. bed rest for 3 days: a. a high carbohydrate diet for 3 days
GTT diet preparation. Perform in the AM after 3 days of unrestricted diet containing at least 150 g of carbohydrates/day.
4. If a fasting glucose is 90 mg/dL, which of these 2-hour postprandial glucose
results would most closely represent normal glucose metabolism?
, BOC 7TH: CLINICAL CHEMISTRy complete questions & correct verified
answers
a. 55 mg/dl (3.0 mmol/L)
b. 100 mg/dl (5.5 mmol/L)
c. 180 mg/dl (9.9 mmol/L)
d. 260 mg/dl (14.3 mmol/L): b. 100 mg/dl (5.5 mmol/L)
Normal 2-hour postprandial value should return to approximately fasting state at 2 hours postprandial
5. A healthy person with a blood glucose of 80 mg/dL (4.4 mmol/L) would have
a simultaneously determined CSF glucose value of:
a. 25 mg/dL (1.4 mmol/L)
b. 50 mg/dL (1.4 mmol/L)
c. 100 mg/dL (1.4 mmol/L)
d. 150 mg/dL (1.4 mmol/L): b. 50 mg/dL (1.4 mmol/L)
CSF glucose is ~60% of blood glucose
6. A 25-year-old man became nauseated and vomited 90 minutes after receiving
a standard 75g carbohydrate dose for an oral glucose tolerance test. The best
course of action is to:
a. give the patient a glass of orange juice and continue the test
b. start the test over immediately with a 50 g carbohydrate dose
c. draw blood for glucose and discontinue test
d. place the patient in a recumbent position, reassure him and continue the
test: c. draw blood for glucose and discontinue test
GTT is discontinued when the patient vomits the glucose solution; however, the partial information is useful
7. CSF for glucose assay should be:
a. refrigerated
b. analyzed immediately
c. heated 56 degrees Celsius
d. stored at room temperature after centrifugation: b. analyzed immediately
, BOC 7TH: CLINICAL CHEMISTRy complete questions & correct verified
answers
Glycolysis may occur more quickly on glucose in CSF due to presence of bacteria or cells so it should be analyzed
immediately.
8. Which of these 2-hour postprandial glucose values demonstrates unequivo-
cal hyperglycemia diagnostic for diabetes mellitus?
a. 160 mg/dL (8.8 mmol/L)
b. 170 mg/dL (9.4 mmol/L)
c. 180 mg/dL (9.9 mmol/L)
d. 200 mg/dL (11.0 mmol/L): d. 200 mg/dL (11.0 mmol/L)
A glucose level of 2e0 0 mg/L gives an unequivocal diagnosis of diabetes mellitus postprandially
9. Serum levels that define hypoglycemia in preterm or low birth weight infants
are:
a. the same as adults
b. lower than adults
c. the same as a normal full-term infant
d. higher than a normal full-term infant: b. lower than adults
Age ettect on glucose and hypoglycemia in infants is determined at much lower levels. Neonates have lower glucose
levels than adults. Additionally, the serum levels that define hypoglycemia is lower in preterm infants when compared
to full term infants
10. A 45-year-old woman has a fasting serum glucose concentration of 95 mg/dL
(5.3 mmol/L) and a 2-hour postprandial glucose concentration of 105 mg/dL
(5.8 mmol/L). The statement which best describes this patient's fasting serum
glucose concentration is:
a. normal; reflecting glycogen breakdown by the liver
b. normal; reflecting glycogen breakdown by skeletal muscle
c. abnormal; indicating diabetes mellitus
d. abnormal; indicating hypoglycemia: a. normal; reflecting glycogen breakdown by the liver
Glucagon breaks down glycogen after an individual has fasted to prevent a rapid decline in the blood glucose
, BOC 7TH: CLINICAL CHEMISTRy complete questions & correct verified
answers
11. Pregnant women with symptoms of thirst, frequent urination or unexplained
weight loss should have which of the following tests performed?
a. tolbutamide test
b. lactose tolerance test
c. epinephrine tolerance test
d. glucose tolerance test: d. glucose tolerance test
A 2-step method for determining gestational diabetes is recommended
12. In the fasting state, the arterial and capillary blood glucose concentration
varies from the venous glucose concentration by approximately how many
mg/dL (mmol/L)?
a. 1 mg/dL (0.05 mmol/L) higher
b. 5 mg/dL (0.27 mmol/L) higher
c. 10 mg/dL (0.55 mmol/L) higher
d. 15 mg/dL (0.82 mmol/L) higher: b. 5 mg/dL (0.27 mmol/L) higher
In fasting state, arterial/capillary glucose concentration is 2-5 mg higher than venous blood
13. The conversion of glucose or other hexoses into lactate or pyruvate is called:
a. glycogenesis
b. glycogenolysis
c. gluconeogenesis
d. glycolysis: d. glycolysis
14. Which of the following values obtained during a glucose tolerance test is
diagnostic of diabetes mellitus?
a. 2-hour specimen = 150 mg/dL (8.3 mmol/L)
b. fasting plasma glucose = 126 mg/dL (6.9 mmol/L)
c. fasting plasma glucose = 110 mg/dL (6.1 mmol/L)
d. 2-hour specimen = 180 mg/dL (9.9 mmol/L): b. fasting plasma glucose = 126 mg/dL (6.9
mmol/L)
answers
1. Following overnight fasting, hypoglycemia in adults is defined as a glucose
of:
a. d
70 mg/dL (d3 .9 mmol/L)
b. d60 mg/dL (d3 .3 mmol/L)
c. d
55 mg/dL (d3 .0 mmol/L)
d. d45 mg/dL (d2 .5 mmol/L): c. 5d5 mg/dL (3d.0 mmol/L)
Diagnosis of hypoglycemia in non-diabetic adults. If blood glucose levels are measured while the person is experiencing
those symptoms and found to be 4d5 mg/dL ( 2d. 5 mmol/L) in a woman 5d5 mg/dL ( 3d. 0 mmol/L) in a man.
2. c. all values are consistent with a normal healthy individual
Fasting whole blood is 10-15% lower than plasma glucose: The results shown in the table
are from a 21-year-old patient with a back injury who appears otherwise healthy:
The best interpretation of these results is that:
a. the whole blood and serum values are expected but the CSF value is elevated
b. the whole blood glucose value should be higher than the serum value
c. all values are consistent with a normal healthy individual
d. the serum and whole blood values should be identical
3. The preparation of a patient for standard glucose tolerance testing should
include:
a. a high carbohydrate diet for 3 days
b. a low carbohydrate diet for 3 days
c. fasting for 48 hours prior to testing
d. bed rest for 3 days: a. a high carbohydrate diet for 3 days
GTT diet preparation. Perform in the AM after 3 days of unrestricted diet containing at least 150 g of carbohydrates/day.
4. If a fasting glucose is 90 mg/dL, which of these 2-hour postprandial glucose
results would most closely represent normal glucose metabolism?
, BOC 7TH: CLINICAL CHEMISTRy complete questions & correct verified
answers
a. 55 mg/dl (3.0 mmol/L)
b. 100 mg/dl (5.5 mmol/L)
c. 180 mg/dl (9.9 mmol/L)
d. 260 mg/dl (14.3 mmol/L): b. 100 mg/dl (5.5 mmol/L)
Normal 2-hour postprandial value should return to approximately fasting state at 2 hours postprandial
5. A healthy person with a blood glucose of 80 mg/dL (4.4 mmol/L) would have
a simultaneously determined CSF glucose value of:
a. 25 mg/dL (1.4 mmol/L)
b. 50 mg/dL (1.4 mmol/L)
c. 100 mg/dL (1.4 mmol/L)
d. 150 mg/dL (1.4 mmol/L): b. 50 mg/dL (1.4 mmol/L)
CSF glucose is ~60% of blood glucose
6. A 25-year-old man became nauseated and vomited 90 minutes after receiving
a standard 75g carbohydrate dose for an oral glucose tolerance test. The best
course of action is to:
a. give the patient a glass of orange juice and continue the test
b. start the test over immediately with a 50 g carbohydrate dose
c. draw blood for glucose and discontinue test
d. place the patient in a recumbent position, reassure him and continue the
test: c. draw blood for glucose and discontinue test
GTT is discontinued when the patient vomits the glucose solution; however, the partial information is useful
7. CSF for glucose assay should be:
a. refrigerated
b. analyzed immediately
c. heated 56 degrees Celsius
d. stored at room temperature after centrifugation: b. analyzed immediately
, BOC 7TH: CLINICAL CHEMISTRy complete questions & correct verified
answers
Glycolysis may occur more quickly on glucose in CSF due to presence of bacteria or cells so it should be analyzed
immediately.
8. Which of these 2-hour postprandial glucose values demonstrates unequivo-
cal hyperglycemia diagnostic for diabetes mellitus?
a. 160 mg/dL (8.8 mmol/L)
b. 170 mg/dL (9.4 mmol/L)
c. 180 mg/dL (9.9 mmol/L)
d. 200 mg/dL (11.0 mmol/L): d. 200 mg/dL (11.0 mmol/L)
A glucose level of 2e0 0 mg/L gives an unequivocal diagnosis of diabetes mellitus postprandially
9. Serum levels that define hypoglycemia in preterm or low birth weight infants
are:
a. the same as adults
b. lower than adults
c. the same as a normal full-term infant
d. higher than a normal full-term infant: b. lower than adults
Age ettect on glucose and hypoglycemia in infants is determined at much lower levels. Neonates have lower glucose
levels than adults. Additionally, the serum levels that define hypoglycemia is lower in preterm infants when compared
to full term infants
10. A 45-year-old woman has a fasting serum glucose concentration of 95 mg/dL
(5.3 mmol/L) and a 2-hour postprandial glucose concentration of 105 mg/dL
(5.8 mmol/L). The statement which best describes this patient's fasting serum
glucose concentration is:
a. normal; reflecting glycogen breakdown by the liver
b. normal; reflecting glycogen breakdown by skeletal muscle
c. abnormal; indicating diabetes mellitus
d. abnormal; indicating hypoglycemia: a. normal; reflecting glycogen breakdown by the liver
Glucagon breaks down glycogen after an individual has fasted to prevent a rapid decline in the blood glucose
, BOC 7TH: CLINICAL CHEMISTRy complete questions & correct verified
answers
11. Pregnant women with symptoms of thirst, frequent urination or unexplained
weight loss should have which of the following tests performed?
a. tolbutamide test
b. lactose tolerance test
c. epinephrine tolerance test
d. glucose tolerance test: d. glucose tolerance test
A 2-step method for determining gestational diabetes is recommended
12. In the fasting state, the arterial and capillary blood glucose concentration
varies from the venous glucose concentration by approximately how many
mg/dL (mmol/L)?
a. 1 mg/dL (0.05 mmol/L) higher
b. 5 mg/dL (0.27 mmol/L) higher
c. 10 mg/dL (0.55 mmol/L) higher
d. 15 mg/dL (0.82 mmol/L) higher: b. 5 mg/dL (0.27 mmol/L) higher
In fasting state, arterial/capillary glucose concentration is 2-5 mg higher than venous blood
13. The conversion of glucose or other hexoses into lactate or pyruvate is called:
a. glycogenesis
b. glycogenolysis
c. gluconeogenesis
d. glycolysis: d. glycolysis
14. Which of the following values obtained during a glucose tolerance test is
diagnostic of diabetes mellitus?
a. 2-hour specimen = 150 mg/dL (8.3 mmol/L)
b. fasting plasma glucose = 126 mg/dL (6.9 mmol/L)
c. fasting plasma glucose = 110 mg/dL (6.1 mmol/L)
d. 2-hour specimen = 180 mg/dL (9.9 mmol/L): b. fasting plasma glucose = 126 mg/dL (6.9
mmol/L)
