Nursing Fundamentals Exam 1
Practice Test( update 2026/ 2027)
questions and answers with verified
solutions 100% correct
The nurse enters a patient's room and finds that the patient was incontinent of liquid
stool. The patient has recurrent redness in the perineal area, and there is concern that
he is developing a pressure ulcer. The nurse cleanses the patient, inspects the skin,
and applies a skin barrier ointment to the perineal area. She calls the ostomy and
wound care specialist and asks that he visit the patient to recommend skin care
measures. Which of the following describe the nurse's actions? (Select all that apply)
[19]
1. The application of the skin barrier is a dependent measure
2. The call to the ostomy and wound care specialist is an indirect care measure
3. The cleansing of the skin is a direct care measure
4. The application of the skin barrier is a direct care measure - ANSWER 2, 3, 4
During the implementation step of the nursing process, a nurse reviews and revises the
nursing plan of care. Place the following steps of review and revision in correct order:
[19]
1. Review the care plan
2. Decide if the nursing interventions remain appropriate
3. Reassess the patient
4. Compare assessment findings to validate existing nursing diagnoses - ANSWER 3,
1, 4, 2
A nurse checks a physician's order and notes that a new medication was ordered. The
nurse is unfamiliar with the medication. A nurse colleague explains that the medication
is an anticoagulant used for postoperative patients with risk for blood clots. The nurse's
best action before giving the medication is to: [19]
1. Have the nurse colleague check the dose with her before giving the medication
2. Consult with a pharmacist to obtain knowledge about the purpose of the drug, the
action, an the potential side effects
3. Ask the nurse colleague to administer the medication to her patient
4. Administer the medication as prescribed and on time - ANSWER 2
When does implementation begin as the fourth step of the nursing process? [19]
1. During the assessment phase
,2. Immediately in some critical situations
3. After the care plan has been developed
4. After there is mutual goal setting between a nurse and patient - ANSWER 3
Before consulting with a physician about a patient's need for urinary catheterization, the
nurse considers the fact that the patient has urinary retention and has been unable to
void on her own. The nurse knows that evidence for alternative measures to promote
voiding exist, but none has been effective, and that before surgery the patient was
voiding normally. This scenario is an example of which implementation skill? [19]
1. Cognitive
2. Interpersonal
3. Psychomotor
4. Consultative - ANSWER 1
The nurse enters a patient's room, and the patient asks if he can get out of bed and
transfer to a chair. The nurse takes precautions to use safe patient handling techniques
and transfers the patient. This is an example of which physical care technique? [19]
1. Meeting the patient's expressed wishes
2. Indirect care measure
3. Protecting a patient from injury
4. Staying organized when implementing a procedure - ANSWER 3
In which of the following examples is a nurse applying critical thinking attitudes when
preparing to insert an IV catheter? (Select all that apply) [19]
1. Following the procedural guideline for IV insertion
2. Seeking necessary knowledge about the steps of the procedure from a more
experienced nurse
3. Showing confidence in performing the correct IV insertion technique
4. Being sure that the IV dressing covers the IV site completely - ANSWER 2, 3
Which steps does the nurse follow when he or she is asked to perform an unfamiliar
procedure? (Select all that apply) [19]
1. Seeks necessary knowledge
2. Reassesses the patient's condition
3. Collects all necessary equipment
4. Delegates the procedure to a more experienced nurse
5. Considers all possible consequences of the procedure - ANSWER 1, 3, 5
A nurse is talking with a patient who is visiting a neighborhood health clinic. The patient
came to the clinic for repeated symptoms of a sinus infection. During their discussion
the nurse check the patient's medical record and realizes that he is due for a tetanus
shot. Administering the shot is an example of what type of preventative intervention?
[19]
1. Tertiary
2. Direct care
3. Primary
, 4. Secondary - ANSWER 3
A nurse is orienting a new graduate nurse to the unit. The graduate nurse asks, "Why
do we have standing orders for cases when patients develop life-threatening
arrhythmias? Is not each patient's situation unique?" What is the nurse's best answer?
[19]
1. Standing orders are used to meet our physician's preferences.
2. Standing orders ensure that we are familiar with evidence-based guidelines for care
of arrhythmias
3. Standing orders allow us to respond quickly and safely to a rapidly changing situation
4. Standing orders minimize the documentation we have to provide - ANSWER 3
A nurse on a cancer unit is reviewing and revising the written plan of care for a patient
who has the nursing diagnosis of nausea. Place the steps in their proper order: [19]
1. The nurse revises approaches in the plan for controlling environmental factors that
worsen nausea
2. The nurse enters data in the assessment column showing new information about the
patient's nausea
3. The nurse adds the current date to show that the diagnosis of nausea is still relevant
4. The nurse decides to use the patient's self-report of appetite and fluid intake as
evaluation measures - ANSWER 2, 3, 1, 4
When a nurse properly positions a patient and administers an enema solution at the
correct rate for the patient's tolerance, this is an example of what type of implementation
skill? [19]
1. Interpersonal
2. Cognitive
3. Collaborative
4. Psychomotor - ANSWER 4
The nurse reviews a patient's medical record and sees that tube feedings are to begin
after a feeding tube is inserted. In recent past experiences the nurse has seen patients
on the unit develop diarrhea from tube feedings. The nurse consults with the dietician
and physician to determine the initial rate that will be ordered for the feeding to lessen
the chance of diarrhea. This is an example of what type of direct care measure? [19]
1. Preventative
2. Controlling for adverse reaction
3. Consulting
4. Counseling - ANSWER 2
The nurse enters a patient's room and finds that the patient was incontinent of liquid
stool. The patient has recurrent redness in the perineal area, and there is concern that
he is developing a pressure ulcer. The nurse cleanses the patient, inspects the skin,
and applies a skin barrier ointment to the perineal area. She calls the ostomy and
wound care specialist and asks that he visit the patient to recommend skin care
Practice Test( update 2026/ 2027)
questions and answers with verified
solutions 100% correct
The nurse enters a patient's room and finds that the patient was incontinent of liquid
stool. The patient has recurrent redness in the perineal area, and there is concern that
he is developing a pressure ulcer. The nurse cleanses the patient, inspects the skin,
and applies a skin barrier ointment to the perineal area. She calls the ostomy and
wound care specialist and asks that he visit the patient to recommend skin care
measures. Which of the following describe the nurse's actions? (Select all that apply)
[19]
1. The application of the skin barrier is a dependent measure
2. The call to the ostomy and wound care specialist is an indirect care measure
3. The cleansing of the skin is a direct care measure
4. The application of the skin barrier is a direct care measure - ANSWER 2, 3, 4
During the implementation step of the nursing process, a nurse reviews and revises the
nursing plan of care. Place the following steps of review and revision in correct order:
[19]
1. Review the care plan
2. Decide if the nursing interventions remain appropriate
3. Reassess the patient
4. Compare assessment findings to validate existing nursing diagnoses - ANSWER 3,
1, 4, 2
A nurse checks a physician's order and notes that a new medication was ordered. The
nurse is unfamiliar with the medication. A nurse colleague explains that the medication
is an anticoagulant used for postoperative patients with risk for blood clots. The nurse's
best action before giving the medication is to: [19]
1. Have the nurse colleague check the dose with her before giving the medication
2. Consult with a pharmacist to obtain knowledge about the purpose of the drug, the
action, an the potential side effects
3. Ask the nurse colleague to administer the medication to her patient
4. Administer the medication as prescribed and on time - ANSWER 2
When does implementation begin as the fourth step of the nursing process? [19]
1. During the assessment phase
,2. Immediately in some critical situations
3. After the care plan has been developed
4. After there is mutual goal setting between a nurse and patient - ANSWER 3
Before consulting with a physician about a patient's need for urinary catheterization, the
nurse considers the fact that the patient has urinary retention and has been unable to
void on her own. The nurse knows that evidence for alternative measures to promote
voiding exist, but none has been effective, and that before surgery the patient was
voiding normally. This scenario is an example of which implementation skill? [19]
1. Cognitive
2. Interpersonal
3. Psychomotor
4. Consultative - ANSWER 1
The nurse enters a patient's room, and the patient asks if he can get out of bed and
transfer to a chair. The nurse takes precautions to use safe patient handling techniques
and transfers the patient. This is an example of which physical care technique? [19]
1. Meeting the patient's expressed wishes
2. Indirect care measure
3. Protecting a patient from injury
4. Staying organized when implementing a procedure - ANSWER 3
In which of the following examples is a nurse applying critical thinking attitudes when
preparing to insert an IV catheter? (Select all that apply) [19]
1. Following the procedural guideline for IV insertion
2. Seeking necessary knowledge about the steps of the procedure from a more
experienced nurse
3. Showing confidence in performing the correct IV insertion technique
4. Being sure that the IV dressing covers the IV site completely - ANSWER 2, 3
Which steps does the nurse follow when he or she is asked to perform an unfamiliar
procedure? (Select all that apply) [19]
1. Seeks necessary knowledge
2. Reassesses the patient's condition
3. Collects all necessary equipment
4. Delegates the procedure to a more experienced nurse
5. Considers all possible consequences of the procedure - ANSWER 1, 3, 5
A nurse is talking with a patient who is visiting a neighborhood health clinic. The patient
came to the clinic for repeated symptoms of a sinus infection. During their discussion
the nurse check the patient's medical record and realizes that he is due for a tetanus
shot. Administering the shot is an example of what type of preventative intervention?
[19]
1. Tertiary
2. Direct care
3. Primary
, 4. Secondary - ANSWER 3
A nurse is orienting a new graduate nurse to the unit. The graduate nurse asks, "Why
do we have standing orders for cases when patients develop life-threatening
arrhythmias? Is not each patient's situation unique?" What is the nurse's best answer?
[19]
1. Standing orders are used to meet our physician's preferences.
2. Standing orders ensure that we are familiar with evidence-based guidelines for care
of arrhythmias
3. Standing orders allow us to respond quickly and safely to a rapidly changing situation
4. Standing orders minimize the documentation we have to provide - ANSWER 3
A nurse on a cancer unit is reviewing and revising the written plan of care for a patient
who has the nursing diagnosis of nausea. Place the steps in their proper order: [19]
1. The nurse revises approaches in the plan for controlling environmental factors that
worsen nausea
2. The nurse enters data in the assessment column showing new information about the
patient's nausea
3. The nurse adds the current date to show that the diagnosis of nausea is still relevant
4. The nurse decides to use the patient's self-report of appetite and fluid intake as
evaluation measures - ANSWER 2, 3, 1, 4
When a nurse properly positions a patient and administers an enema solution at the
correct rate for the patient's tolerance, this is an example of what type of implementation
skill? [19]
1. Interpersonal
2. Cognitive
3. Collaborative
4. Psychomotor - ANSWER 4
The nurse reviews a patient's medical record and sees that tube feedings are to begin
after a feeding tube is inserted. In recent past experiences the nurse has seen patients
on the unit develop diarrhea from tube feedings. The nurse consults with the dietician
and physician to determine the initial rate that will be ordered for the feeding to lessen
the chance of diarrhea. This is an example of what type of direct care measure? [19]
1. Preventative
2. Controlling for adverse reaction
3. Consulting
4. Counseling - ANSWER 2
The nurse enters a patient's room and finds that the patient was incontinent of liquid
stool. The patient has recurrent redness in the perineal area, and there is concern that
he is developing a pressure ulcer. The nurse cleanses the patient, inspects the skin,
and applies a skin barrier ointment to the perineal area. She calls the ostomy and
wound care specialist and asks that he visit the patient to recommend skin care
