,Common Medical Abbreviations
ABG arterial blood gas HR heart rate
ACh acetylcholine HSV herpes simplex virus
ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone ICF intracellular fluid
ADH antidiuretic hormone ICP intracranial pressure
AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ID intradermal
ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis IDDM insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
ANS autonomic nervous system IM intramuscular
ARF acute renal failure IV intravenous
A-V atrioventricular LDL low-density lipoprotein
BMR basal metabolic rate LH luteinizing hormone
BP blood pressure LLQ left lower quadrant
BUN blood urea nitrogen LUQ left upper quadrant
CAD coronary artery disease LV left ventricle
CBC complete blood count MI myocardial infarction
CHD coronary heart disease MRI magnetic resonance imaging
CHF congestive heart failure MS multiple sclerosis
CNS central nervous system MVP mitral valve prolapse
CO cardiac output NGU nongonococcal urethritis
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease NIDDM noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation NPN nonprotein nitrogen
CRF chronic renal failure OC oral contraceptive
C-section cesarean section PE pulmonary embolism
CT (CAT) computed (axial) tomography PID pelvic inflammatory disease
CVA cerebrovascular accident PKU phenylketonuria
CVS chorionic villi sampling PMN polymorphonuclear leukocyte
D&C dilation and curettage PMS premenstrual syndrome
DMD Duchenne muscular dystrophy PTH parathyroid hormone
DNR do not resuscitate RBC red blood cell
Dx diagnosis RDS respiratory distress syndrome
EBV Epstein-Barr virus REM rapid eye movement
ECF extracellular fluid RES reticuloendothelial system
ECG (EKG) electrocardiogram RLQ right lower quadrant
EEG electroencephalogram RUQ right upper quadrant
EP ectopic pregnancy Rx prescription
ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate SA sinoatrial
ESRD end stage renal disease SIDS sudden infant death syndrome
FAS fetal alcohol syndrome SLE systemic lupus erythrematosis
FSH follicle-stimulating hormone STD sexually transmitted disease
FUO fever of unknown origin T3 triiodothyronine
GFR glomerular filtration rate T4 thyroxine
GH growth hormone TIA transient ischemic attack
GI gastrointestinal TMJ temporomandibular joint
HAV hepatitis A virus t-PA tissue plasminogen activator
Hb hemoglobin TSS toxic shock syndrome
HBV hepatitis B virus Tx treatment
HCG human chorionic gonadotropin URI upper respiratory infection
HCV hepatitis C virus UTI urinary tract infection
HDL high-density lipoprotein VD venereal disease
HLA human leukocyte antigen WBC white blood cell
,S TA N L E Y E . G U N S T R E A M
Pa sa de n a Ci ty Co l l e g e
ANATOMY
PHYSIOLOGY
&
with Integrated Study Guide
fourth edition
, ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WITH INTEGRATED STUDY GUIDE, FOURTH EDITION
Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue
of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,
Inc. All rights reserved. Previous editions © 2006, 2000, and 1996. No part of this publication
may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or
retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,
including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission,
or broadcast for distance learning.
Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to
customers outside the United States.
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 QPD/QPD 0 9
ISBN 978–0–07–352565–5
MHID 0–07–352565–0
Publisher: Michelle Watnick
Senior Sponsoring Editor: James F. Connely
Director of Development: Kristine Tibbetts
Senior Developmental Editor: Lynne M. Meyers
Marketing Manager: Lynn M. Breithaupt
Project Manager: Joyce Watters
Senior Production Supervisor: Laura Fuller
Senior Media Project Manager: Tammy Juran
Associate Design Coordinator: Brenda A. Rolwes
Cover Designer: Studio Montage, St. Louis, Missouri
(USE) Cover Image: © Getty Images
Senior Photo Research Coordinator: John C. Leland
Photo Research: LouAnn K. Wilson
Compositor: S4Carlisle Publishing Services
Typeface: 10/12 Melior
Printer: Quebecor World Dubuque, IA
The credits section for this book begins on page 539 and is considered an extension of the
copyright page.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Gunstream, Stanley E.
Anatomy & physiology : with integrated study guide/Stanley E. Gunstream. — 4th ed.
p. cm.
Cover title: Anatomy and physiology
Includes index.
ISBN 978–0–07–352565–5 — ISBN 0–07–352565–0 (hard copy : alk. paper)
1. Human physiology. 2. Human anatomy. I. Title. II. Title: Anatomy and physiology.
QP34.5.G85 2010
612—dc22
2008040454
www.mhhe.com
ABG arterial blood gas HR heart rate
ACh acetylcholine HSV herpes simplex virus
ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone ICF intracellular fluid
ADH antidiuretic hormone ICP intracranial pressure
AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ID intradermal
ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis IDDM insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
ANS autonomic nervous system IM intramuscular
ARF acute renal failure IV intravenous
A-V atrioventricular LDL low-density lipoprotein
BMR basal metabolic rate LH luteinizing hormone
BP blood pressure LLQ left lower quadrant
BUN blood urea nitrogen LUQ left upper quadrant
CAD coronary artery disease LV left ventricle
CBC complete blood count MI myocardial infarction
CHD coronary heart disease MRI magnetic resonance imaging
CHF congestive heart failure MS multiple sclerosis
CNS central nervous system MVP mitral valve prolapse
CO cardiac output NGU nongonococcal urethritis
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease NIDDM noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation NPN nonprotein nitrogen
CRF chronic renal failure OC oral contraceptive
C-section cesarean section PE pulmonary embolism
CT (CAT) computed (axial) tomography PID pelvic inflammatory disease
CVA cerebrovascular accident PKU phenylketonuria
CVS chorionic villi sampling PMN polymorphonuclear leukocyte
D&C dilation and curettage PMS premenstrual syndrome
DMD Duchenne muscular dystrophy PTH parathyroid hormone
DNR do not resuscitate RBC red blood cell
Dx diagnosis RDS respiratory distress syndrome
EBV Epstein-Barr virus REM rapid eye movement
ECF extracellular fluid RES reticuloendothelial system
ECG (EKG) electrocardiogram RLQ right lower quadrant
EEG electroencephalogram RUQ right upper quadrant
EP ectopic pregnancy Rx prescription
ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate SA sinoatrial
ESRD end stage renal disease SIDS sudden infant death syndrome
FAS fetal alcohol syndrome SLE systemic lupus erythrematosis
FSH follicle-stimulating hormone STD sexually transmitted disease
FUO fever of unknown origin T3 triiodothyronine
GFR glomerular filtration rate T4 thyroxine
GH growth hormone TIA transient ischemic attack
GI gastrointestinal TMJ temporomandibular joint
HAV hepatitis A virus t-PA tissue plasminogen activator
Hb hemoglobin TSS toxic shock syndrome
HBV hepatitis B virus Tx treatment
HCG human chorionic gonadotropin URI upper respiratory infection
HCV hepatitis C virus UTI urinary tract infection
HDL high-density lipoprotein VD venereal disease
HLA human leukocyte antigen WBC white blood cell
,S TA N L E Y E . G U N S T R E A M
Pa sa de n a Ci ty Co l l e g e
ANATOMY
PHYSIOLOGY
&
with Integrated Study Guide
fourth edition
, ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WITH INTEGRATED STUDY GUIDE, FOURTH EDITION
Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue
of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies,
Inc. All rights reserved. Previous editions © 2006, 2000, and 1996. No part of this publication
may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or
retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,
including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission,
or broadcast for distance learning.
Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to
customers outside the United States.
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 QPD/QPD 0 9
ISBN 978–0–07–352565–5
MHID 0–07–352565–0
Publisher: Michelle Watnick
Senior Sponsoring Editor: James F. Connely
Director of Development: Kristine Tibbetts
Senior Developmental Editor: Lynne M. Meyers
Marketing Manager: Lynn M. Breithaupt
Project Manager: Joyce Watters
Senior Production Supervisor: Laura Fuller
Senior Media Project Manager: Tammy Juran
Associate Design Coordinator: Brenda A. Rolwes
Cover Designer: Studio Montage, St. Louis, Missouri
(USE) Cover Image: © Getty Images
Senior Photo Research Coordinator: John C. Leland
Photo Research: LouAnn K. Wilson
Compositor: S4Carlisle Publishing Services
Typeface: 10/12 Melior
Printer: Quebecor World Dubuque, IA
The credits section for this book begins on page 539 and is considered an extension of the
copyright page.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Gunstream, Stanley E.
Anatomy & physiology : with integrated study guide/Stanley E. Gunstream. — 4th ed.
p. cm.
Cover title: Anatomy and physiology
Includes index.
ISBN 978–0–07–352565–5 — ISBN 0–07–352565–0 (hard copy : alk. paper)
1. Human physiology. 2. Human anatomy. I. Title. II. Title: Anatomy and physiology.
QP34.5.G85 2010
612—dc22
2008040454
www.mhhe.com
