Nursing Nutrition Study Guide & Practice MCQ Test Bank – Diet Therapy Review

WILLIAMS' ESSENTIALS OF
NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY
13TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)JOYCE ANN GILBERT;
ELEANOR SCHLENKER


TEST BANK
1. Nutrition is best defined as the study of
A. food production systems
B. how the body uses food for growth, repair, and
maintenance
C. hospital meal planning
D. pharmaceutical interactions with food
Correct: B
Rationale: Nutrition focuses on how nutrients in food are
used by the body to provide energy, build and repair
tissues, and regulate body processes.
Williams’ Essentials of Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 13th ed.
— Chapter 1: Nutrition and Health.

,2. Which set lists the six classes of nutrients?
A. Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water
B. Fiber, antioxidants, lipids, hormones, water, enzymes
C. Vitamins, phytochemicals, minerals, proteins, water,
alcohol
D. Carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids, electrolytes,
pigments, water
Correct: A
Rationale: The six nutrient classes commonly taught are
carbohydrates, proteins, fats (lipids), vitamins, minerals,
and water.
Williams’ Essentials of Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 13th ed.
— Chapter 1: Nutrition and Health.
3. An essential nutrient is one that:
A. the body can synthesize in sufficient amounts
B. must be obtained from the diet because the body
cannot make it
C. provides no caloric value but is physiologically active
D. is only needed during illness
Correct: B
Rationale: Essential nutrients cannot be synthesized by the
body in amounts adequate to meet needs and therefore
must be consumed in the diet.
Williams’ Essentials of Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 13th ed.
— Chapter 1: Nutrition and Health.

,4. The primary functions of nutrients include all the following
EXCEPT:
A. providing energy
B. building and repairing tissue
C. regulating body processes
D. guaranteeing immunity to infectious diseases
Correct: D
Rationale: Nutrients provide energy, structural material,
and regulate processes; they support immune function but
do not guarantee immunity to infection.
Williams’ Essentials of Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 13th ed.
— Chapter 1: Nutrition and Health.
5. Which term describes foods that supply relatively large
amounts of nutrients compared with their calorie content?
A. Energy-dense foods
B. Macronutrient-rich foods
C. Nutrient-dense foods
D. Empty-calorie foods
Correct: C
Rationale: Nutrient-dense foods provide a high proportion
of essential nutrients relative to their caloric content; the
opposite is “energy-dense” or “empty-calorie” foods.
Williams’ Essentials of Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 13th ed.
— Chapter 1: Nutrition and Health.
6. The ABCD framework of nutrition assessment includes
which elements?

, A. Appetite, Bloodwork, Caloric intake, Diet history
B. Anthropometric, Biochemical, Clinical, Dietary
C. Activity level, Bowel function, Clinical signs, Diet plan
D. Age, BMI, Cholesterol, Diabetes status
Correct: B
Rationale: Nutrition assessment commonly uses the ABCD
approach: Anthropometric, Biochemical, Clinical (physical
signs), and Dietary data.
Williams’ Essentials of Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 13th ed.
— Chapter 1: Nutrition and Health.
7. A key role for nurses in nutrition care is to:
A. prescribe parenteral nutrition without collaboration
B. perform nutrition screening and refer at-risk patients to
a dietitian
C. replace the nutritionist’s role in all settings
D. provide medical diagnoses based on dietary intake
Correct: B
Rationale: Nurses routinely screen patients for nutrition
risk and refer those who need further assessment or
therapy to registered dietitians.
Williams’ Essentials of Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 13th ed.
— Chapter 1: Nutrition and Health.
8. Which statement best describes “health promotion” in
nutrition?
A. Treating nutrient deficiencies after they occur
B. Educating and supporting individuals and populations to