Quiz 2 cinematography UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
Key light any light that is the primary source of illumination. There can be more than one at
a time and it can come from any direction.
Fill light a light you use to fill in shadows if needed. This does not play into exposure in a
major way. This can come from a reflector that reflects the key light. It should not
cast a 2nd shadow.
Back light this is used when separation is needed between character and background. It
creates a rim of highlight around the subject. It does not affect exposure. Lighter
objects create less backlight and Translucent objects need backlight to be visible.
This is critical when using green screen. It is normally set high, If backlight isn't
high it could throw shadow on what you are looking at (it would look unnatural)
Eyelight / Catch light Any light used to add a glint of highlight to eyes. This is done because people
tend to feel more comfortable when they can see the eyes of the subject.
Sometimes this is done by bouncing backlight. This draws you in and makes you
feel more comfortable.
kicker/rim light similar to back light. It adds a rim to one side of the subject and can be used to
highlight objects. It is normally set lower to one side of the subject and adds
separation and depth to 3d objects.
Side lighting a style of lamp placement where the main source of light is set 90 degrees off
axis to the lens. This gives automatic contrast and causes the subject's shadow to
fall out of frame. This can be high contrast or filled in.
Practical lights lights that come from a source in the shot. This can be candles, scones, ect. They
are typically not the only thing actually providing light, but rather are used to
motivate the light that the audience can see. Set decorators and art department
are in charge of these. Electricians under the art department are in charge of
making them work.
Hard light can connote mystery and danger. It is good for hiding information on scene. It
emphasises texture and reveals shape. It draws attention to itself and creates hard
shadows. Easier to control.
Soft light Connotes comedy and happiness. It is more open and hides texture. It is more
difficult to control. It feels natural, modern, and realistic.
Relative size of source and subject the hardness or softness of light depends on the size of subject vs the size and
nearness of the source. The larger the object compared to the light, the softer the
light is going to appear. The smaller the object compared to the light, the harsher
the light will appear.
, Shadow quality and relative size the closer the light is to an object, the softer the light will appear. The further away
it is the harsher it will appear.
Diffusing scatters and redistributes light to create a softer look.
Reflecting by doing this and bouncing light you are increasing the size of light by naturally
diffusing it. This makes the light appear softer.
Ellipsoidal (leko) reflector spotlight a kind of light designed for theater that film makers decided were useful. They can
precisely shape a beam. They have Edison power cables. They are built for the
degree of beam they can make. Uses a dimmer box to turn on and off instead of a
switch. Downside is that color fringing can occur around the edge of the light that
you have to clean. There is a clip in the front of the lens to keep gobo's (singles,
doubles, ect.) on. There is a thumb screw on the bottom of the light that you have
to unscrew to focus the beam. Another thumb screw behind the lens's midpoint
helps you rotate the light.
Yoke (Leko) handle of light. The part the light is actually attached to
Shutters (Leko) adjustable metal blades that shape the beam. Located inside the metal hosing of
the light. There are handles that stick out of the light and can be used to august
these. Shape the light with straight lines.
Gobo (Leko) a thin circular disk typically made of metal that is inserted into an ellipsoidal to
project specific images, patterns or textures into the lights beam. These typically
go in the slot behind the iris
Iris (Leko) - an accessory for an ellipsoidal that controls the size of the circular beam. Gets
placed inside a slot in the light then controlled with a leaver.
Color fringing (Leko) a colored rim that appears around the beam of a light. It will typically go away
when you clean the light itself. Otherwise, if you put an opal diffusion in front of
the light it will typically go away.
Iris (camera) a multiblade diaphane that controls the amount of light entering the camera. This
affects the exposure. It is located in the lens of the camera. The size of the iris
creates the aperture.
Aperture refers to the hole created by the iris. The more open the iris the bigger the
aperture.
Focal length the distance from a camera lens's optical center to the image sensor measures in
millimeters. This controls the field of view. The longer the lens (zoom in closer) the
narrower the field of view in conjunction with the F-stop. The higher the number of
focal lengths, the smaller the field of view. The lower the number, the wider the
view. 14mm is the widest and 600mm is the closest. Higher focal length, the more
an image is magnified
Focal point the part of the frame that is the primary center of interest, designed to grab the
viewer's attention. What is in the most focus
Key light any light that is the primary source of illumination. There can be more than one at
a time and it can come from any direction.
Fill light a light you use to fill in shadows if needed. This does not play into exposure in a
major way. This can come from a reflector that reflects the key light. It should not
cast a 2nd shadow.
Back light this is used when separation is needed between character and background. It
creates a rim of highlight around the subject. It does not affect exposure. Lighter
objects create less backlight and Translucent objects need backlight to be visible.
This is critical when using green screen. It is normally set high, If backlight isn't
high it could throw shadow on what you are looking at (it would look unnatural)
Eyelight / Catch light Any light used to add a glint of highlight to eyes. This is done because people
tend to feel more comfortable when they can see the eyes of the subject.
Sometimes this is done by bouncing backlight. This draws you in and makes you
feel more comfortable.
kicker/rim light similar to back light. It adds a rim to one side of the subject and can be used to
highlight objects. It is normally set lower to one side of the subject and adds
separation and depth to 3d objects.
Side lighting a style of lamp placement where the main source of light is set 90 degrees off
axis to the lens. This gives automatic contrast and causes the subject's shadow to
fall out of frame. This can be high contrast or filled in.
Practical lights lights that come from a source in the shot. This can be candles, scones, ect. They
are typically not the only thing actually providing light, but rather are used to
motivate the light that the audience can see. Set decorators and art department
are in charge of these. Electricians under the art department are in charge of
making them work.
Hard light can connote mystery and danger. It is good for hiding information on scene. It
emphasises texture and reveals shape. It draws attention to itself and creates hard
shadows. Easier to control.
Soft light Connotes comedy and happiness. It is more open and hides texture. It is more
difficult to control. It feels natural, modern, and realistic.
Relative size of source and subject the hardness or softness of light depends on the size of subject vs the size and
nearness of the source. The larger the object compared to the light, the softer the
light is going to appear. The smaller the object compared to the light, the harsher
the light will appear.
, Shadow quality and relative size the closer the light is to an object, the softer the light will appear. The further away
it is the harsher it will appear.
Diffusing scatters and redistributes light to create a softer look.
Reflecting by doing this and bouncing light you are increasing the size of light by naturally
diffusing it. This makes the light appear softer.
Ellipsoidal (leko) reflector spotlight a kind of light designed for theater that film makers decided were useful. They can
precisely shape a beam. They have Edison power cables. They are built for the
degree of beam they can make. Uses a dimmer box to turn on and off instead of a
switch. Downside is that color fringing can occur around the edge of the light that
you have to clean. There is a clip in the front of the lens to keep gobo's (singles,
doubles, ect.) on. There is a thumb screw on the bottom of the light that you have
to unscrew to focus the beam. Another thumb screw behind the lens's midpoint
helps you rotate the light.
Yoke (Leko) handle of light. The part the light is actually attached to
Shutters (Leko) adjustable metal blades that shape the beam. Located inside the metal hosing of
the light. There are handles that stick out of the light and can be used to august
these. Shape the light with straight lines.
Gobo (Leko) a thin circular disk typically made of metal that is inserted into an ellipsoidal to
project specific images, patterns or textures into the lights beam. These typically
go in the slot behind the iris
Iris (Leko) - an accessory for an ellipsoidal that controls the size of the circular beam. Gets
placed inside a slot in the light then controlled with a leaver.
Color fringing (Leko) a colored rim that appears around the beam of a light. It will typically go away
when you clean the light itself. Otherwise, if you put an opal diffusion in front of
the light it will typically go away.
Iris (camera) a multiblade diaphane that controls the amount of light entering the camera. This
affects the exposure. It is located in the lens of the camera. The size of the iris
creates the aperture.
Aperture refers to the hole created by the iris. The more open the iris the bigger the
aperture.
Focal length the distance from a camera lens's optical center to the image sensor measures in
millimeters. This controls the field of view. The longer the lens (zoom in closer) the
narrower the field of view in conjunction with the F-stop. The higher the number of
focal lengths, the smaller the field of view. The lower the number, the wider the
view. 14mm is the widest and 600mm is the closest. Higher focal length, the more
an image is magnified
Focal point the part of the frame that is the primary center of interest, designed to grab the
viewer's attention. What is in the most focus
