UMKC BIO 108 EXAM 3 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026
Proper labeling of stock strains for geneticists is crucial. You cross a true-breeding black beetle with a
true-breeding red beetle. All offspring beetles were black. The name of the gene is B. Your lab
protocol states to label your samples for storage in this manner:
phenotype: genotype
How would you label your offspring for storage? - Answers black: Bb
Which of the following chromosomal events can result in a gene moving from one chromosome to
another chromosome? - Answers translocation
Which of the following levels of DNA packing represent the DNA in the least compacted form? -
Answers nucleosome
What is the process called that joins exons and removes introns from pre-mRNA molecules in
eukaryotic cells? - Answers splicing
A man is told by his doctor that he has an autosomal dominant genetic disorder. This means
___________. - Answers the gene is not located on a sex chromosome
A bacteriophage that reproduces by both lytic and lysogenics cycle is called a _______. - Answers
temperate phage
If two genes are linked they _______. - Answers are on the same chromosome
Which of the following statements about DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase is false? - Answers
DNA polymerase can elongate in both the 5' to 3' direction and in the 3' to 5' direction.
Which of the following RNA's carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome for recognition and
addition to the growing protein during synthesis? - Answers tRNA
Which of the following statements is applicable to the law of independent assortment? - Answers The
alleles of different characters segregate during gamete formation without influence of the other
characters.
A person is described as a carrier for a disease. Because this person is a carrier, which of the following
must be true?
1.)The disease is fatal, but the person does not get the disease until after child-bearing years.
2.)The person does not exhibit the disease.
3.)The person is heterozygous for the gene determining the disease - Answers 1.)False
2.)True
3.) True
Chargaff found that for DNA _______. - Answers the ratio of A to T is close to 1:1 and the ratio of G to
C is close to 1:1
What is the term used to describe the conversion of mRNA to its protein product? - Answers
translation
The protein shell that encloses a viral genome is the _________. - Answers capsid
To determine the genotype of offspring from current and past generations, a ______ may be helpful. -
Answers pedigree analysis
To predict the genotype of offspring from two parents, a ________ is appropriate. - Answers Punnett
square
In a situation in which genes assort independently, what is the genotypic ratio of the gametes
produced by an AABb individual? - Answers 1 AB : 1 Ab
In comparing nuclear DNA with mitochondrial or chloroplast DNA, which of the following is false? -
Answers Mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA originate as nuclear DNA that migrates from the nucleus
after fertilization into their respective organelle.
If a somatic cell of an organism has 20% adenine (A), what percentage of guanine (G) is expected? -
Answers 30%
Consider a fish in which scale color is determined by one gene with two alleles. The homozygote of
one allele exhibits red scales, the homozygote of the other allele exhibits yellow scales. The
heterozygote has orange scales. This inheritance pattern is ___________. - Answers incomplete
dominance
A green-skinned, long horned MendAlien and a orange-skinned, short-horned MendAlien have 20
offspring with approximately equal numbers of parental phenotypes as recombinant phenotypes. It is
, known the genes controlling these two phenotypes obey a dominant inheritance pattern. You could
use this information to support your hypothesis that __________. - Answers MendAlien
chromosomes obey Mendals Law of Independent Assortment
In prokaryotes, DNA is replicated in a _______________ manner. - Answers semi-conservative
In eukaryotes, DNA is replicated in a ______________ manner. - Answers semi-conservative
DNA and RNA have several different properties. For each property below, indicate whether it is a
typical property of DNA or RNA.
1.)The sugar present is deoxyribose.
2.)Contains adenine as one of the nitrogenous bases.
3.)Forms polymers with a sugar-phosphate backbone.
4.)Forms a double helical structure. - Answers 1.)DNA
2.)Both DNA and RNA.
3.)Both DNA and RNA.
4.)DNA
Three babies were recently mixed up in a hospital. Correctly identify the most likely parent for each
baby based on blood typing. The allele A and B are codominant to each other, while the allele for the
O blood type is recessive to both the A and B alleles.
Each of the three babies has a different blood type, one has blood type AB, another has blood type B,
and another has blood type O.
1.)The parents that have blood types B and O most likely have the ______.
2.)The parents that have blood types A and B most likely have the______.
3.)The parents that have blood types A and A most likely have the _______. - Answers 1.)baby with
blood type B
2.)baby with blood type AB
3.)baby with blood type O
In analyzing the genome of a species, it is noticed that the gene for pigmentation is located on a
different chromosome then in a very closely related species. A possible explanation is that a
chromosome fragment containing the gene for pigmentation has undergone ______. - Answers
translocation
Consider the following sequence on one strand of DNA. What is the sequence on the opposite strand
of the double helix?
5'- GTTACAGA -3' - Answers 3'-CAATGTCT-5'
Two genes control feather colors in birds. A BB or Bb allele combination codes for blue feathers while
bb is yellow. The alleles CC or Cc encode for the ability to produce color, while cc prevents
pigmentation and feathers are white regardless of the combination of B and/or b alleles.
In the parental cross of BbCc x BBcc, what phenotypic ratios are expected? - Answers 1 blue bird : 1
white bird
In certain turtles, green coloration is dominant to brown. A spotted shell is dominant to an unspotted
shell. They are not sex-linked genes.
Dihybrid green, spotted turtles were crossed with brown, unspotted turtles.
Of 1,315 offspring of these turtles
565 are green, spotted
545 are brown, unspotted
105 are green, unspotted
100 are brown, spotted
1.) Among the offspring, which two combinations are recombinant phenotypes, not the parentals?
2.)What is the recombination frequency?
3.)Do these results support a conclusion that the genes for coloration and for spots are on the same
chromosome? - Answers 1.)The brown spotted and the green unspotted turtles.
Proper labeling of stock strains for geneticists is crucial. You cross a true-breeding black beetle with a
true-breeding red beetle. All offspring beetles were black. The name of the gene is B. Your lab
protocol states to label your samples for storage in this manner:
phenotype: genotype
How would you label your offspring for storage? - Answers black: Bb
Which of the following chromosomal events can result in a gene moving from one chromosome to
another chromosome? - Answers translocation
Which of the following levels of DNA packing represent the DNA in the least compacted form? -
Answers nucleosome
What is the process called that joins exons and removes introns from pre-mRNA molecules in
eukaryotic cells? - Answers splicing
A man is told by his doctor that he has an autosomal dominant genetic disorder. This means
___________. - Answers the gene is not located on a sex chromosome
A bacteriophage that reproduces by both lytic and lysogenics cycle is called a _______. - Answers
temperate phage
If two genes are linked they _______. - Answers are on the same chromosome
Which of the following statements about DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase is false? - Answers
DNA polymerase can elongate in both the 5' to 3' direction and in the 3' to 5' direction.
Which of the following RNA's carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome for recognition and
addition to the growing protein during synthesis? - Answers tRNA
Which of the following statements is applicable to the law of independent assortment? - Answers The
alleles of different characters segregate during gamete formation without influence of the other
characters.
A person is described as a carrier for a disease. Because this person is a carrier, which of the following
must be true?
1.)The disease is fatal, but the person does not get the disease until after child-bearing years.
2.)The person does not exhibit the disease.
3.)The person is heterozygous for the gene determining the disease - Answers 1.)False
2.)True
3.) True
Chargaff found that for DNA _______. - Answers the ratio of A to T is close to 1:1 and the ratio of G to
C is close to 1:1
What is the term used to describe the conversion of mRNA to its protein product? - Answers
translation
The protein shell that encloses a viral genome is the _________. - Answers capsid
To determine the genotype of offspring from current and past generations, a ______ may be helpful. -
Answers pedigree analysis
To predict the genotype of offspring from two parents, a ________ is appropriate. - Answers Punnett
square
In a situation in which genes assort independently, what is the genotypic ratio of the gametes
produced by an AABb individual? - Answers 1 AB : 1 Ab
In comparing nuclear DNA with mitochondrial or chloroplast DNA, which of the following is false? -
Answers Mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA originate as nuclear DNA that migrates from the nucleus
after fertilization into their respective organelle.
If a somatic cell of an organism has 20% adenine (A), what percentage of guanine (G) is expected? -
Answers 30%
Consider a fish in which scale color is determined by one gene with two alleles. The homozygote of
one allele exhibits red scales, the homozygote of the other allele exhibits yellow scales. The
heterozygote has orange scales. This inheritance pattern is ___________. - Answers incomplete
dominance
A green-skinned, long horned MendAlien and a orange-skinned, short-horned MendAlien have 20
offspring with approximately equal numbers of parental phenotypes as recombinant phenotypes. It is
, known the genes controlling these two phenotypes obey a dominant inheritance pattern. You could
use this information to support your hypothesis that __________. - Answers MendAlien
chromosomes obey Mendals Law of Independent Assortment
In prokaryotes, DNA is replicated in a _______________ manner. - Answers semi-conservative
In eukaryotes, DNA is replicated in a ______________ manner. - Answers semi-conservative
DNA and RNA have several different properties. For each property below, indicate whether it is a
typical property of DNA or RNA.
1.)The sugar present is deoxyribose.
2.)Contains adenine as one of the nitrogenous bases.
3.)Forms polymers with a sugar-phosphate backbone.
4.)Forms a double helical structure. - Answers 1.)DNA
2.)Both DNA and RNA.
3.)Both DNA and RNA.
4.)DNA
Three babies were recently mixed up in a hospital. Correctly identify the most likely parent for each
baby based on blood typing. The allele A and B are codominant to each other, while the allele for the
O blood type is recessive to both the A and B alleles.
Each of the three babies has a different blood type, one has blood type AB, another has blood type B,
and another has blood type O.
1.)The parents that have blood types B and O most likely have the ______.
2.)The parents that have blood types A and B most likely have the______.
3.)The parents that have blood types A and A most likely have the _______. - Answers 1.)baby with
blood type B
2.)baby with blood type AB
3.)baby with blood type O
In analyzing the genome of a species, it is noticed that the gene for pigmentation is located on a
different chromosome then in a very closely related species. A possible explanation is that a
chromosome fragment containing the gene for pigmentation has undergone ______. - Answers
translocation
Consider the following sequence on one strand of DNA. What is the sequence on the opposite strand
of the double helix?
5'- GTTACAGA -3' - Answers 3'-CAATGTCT-5'
Two genes control feather colors in birds. A BB or Bb allele combination codes for blue feathers while
bb is yellow. The alleles CC or Cc encode for the ability to produce color, while cc prevents
pigmentation and feathers are white regardless of the combination of B and/or b alleles.
In the parental cross of BbCc x BBcc, what phenotypic ratios are expected? - Answers 1 blue bird : 1
white bird
In certain turtles, green coloration is dominant to brown. A spotted shell is dominant to an unspotted
shell. They are not sex-linked genes.
Dihybrid green, spotted turtles were crossed with brown, unspotted turtles.
Of 1,315 offspring of these turtles
565 are green, spotted
545 are brown, unspotted
105 are green, unspotted
100 are brown, spotted
1.) Among the offspring, which two combinations are recombinant phenotypes, not the parentals?
2.)What is the recombination frequency?
3.)Do these results support a conclusion that the genes for coloration and for spots are on the same
chromosome? - Answers 1.)The brown spotted and the green unspotted turtles.
