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2026 Fundamentals of Nursing ALL QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
- LATEST UPDATE
1. The first step in the nursing process is:
A) Assessment
B) Planning
C) Implementation
D) Evaluation
Answer: A
Rationale: Assessment involves systematic collection of patient data and guides the rest of the
nursing process.
2. True or False: Hand hygiene is the single most important measure to prevent the spread of
infection.
Answer: True
Rationale: Hand hygiene breaks the chain of infection and protects both patients and staff.
3. When entering a patient’s room for the first time, the nurse should:
A) Wash hands, introduce self, and explain procedure
B) Begin vital signs immediately
C) Check the chart only
D) Adjust equipment
Answer: A
Rationale: Establishing rapport and hygiene are essential before care or assessment.
4. A patient reports pain rated 8/10. This is considered:
A) Objective data
B) Subjective data
C) Vital signs
D) Laboratory result
Answer: B
Rationale: Subjective data comes directly from the patient’s report.
5. Normal adult blood pressure range:
A) 90/60 – 120/80 mmHg
UPDATED exam 2026
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B) 80/50 – 100/70 mmHg
C) 100/70 – 130/90 mmHg
D) 110/70 – 140/90 mmHg
Answer: A
Rationale: This is the generally accepted normal range for adult BP.
6. True or False: Standard precautions should be applied to all patients, regardless of diagnosis.
Answer: True
Rationale: Standard precautions prevent transmission of pathogens from all patients.
7. A nurse observes a patient fall. What is the first action?
A) Assist patient and assess for injury
B) Call housekeeping
C) Complete documentation later
D) Continue with routine care
Answer: A
Rationale: Ensuring patient safety and assessing for injury is the immediate priority.
8. The nurse notes swelling, redness, and warmth around an IV site. This may indicate:
A) Phlebitis
B) Normal finding
C) Dehydration
D) Infection elsewhere
Answer: A
Rationale: These are classic signs of IV site inflammation (phlebitis).
9. True or False: Vital signs should be taken before and after medication administration that
affects heart rate or BP.
Answer: True
Rationale: Monitoring ensures patient safety and evaluates medication effectiveness.
10. Which action demonstrates therapeutic communication?
A) Open-ended questions and active listening
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B) Giving advice immediately
C) Using medical jargon
D) Interrupting the patient
Answer: A
Rationale: Therapeutic communication fosters trust and encourages patient expression.
11. The nurse is performing a focused cardiac assessment. Which is correct?
A) Auscultate heart at apex for S1 and S2
B) Palpate femoral pulse only
C) Measure respiratory rate
D) Check capillary refill only
Answer: A
Rationale: The apex is best for S1 and S2 assessment.
12. True or False: A sterile field is considered contaminated if you turn your back on it.
Answer: True
Rationale: Sterile fields must remain in sight to maintain sterility.
13. A patient refuses medication. The nurse should:
A) Document refusal and notify provider
B) Force the medication
C) Ignore refusal
D) Ask family to administer
Answer: A
Rationale: Respecting autonomy and documenting refusal protects patient rights and legal
compliance.
14. Which route has the fastest absorption?
A) Oral
B) Subcutaneous
C) Intravenous
D) Intramuscular
Answer: C
Rationale: IV medications enter directly into the bloodstream for rapid effect.
UPDATED exam 2026
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15. True or False: Pain assessment is considered the fifth vital sign.
Answer: True
Rationale: Regular pain assessment ensures appropriate interventions and patient comfort.
16. The nurse is teaching a patient to prevent falls at home. Which is a priority?
A) Keep pathways clear and call light within reach
B) Avoid exercise
C) Dim all lights at night
D) Remove all furniture
Answer: A
Rationale: Environmental modification reduces fall risk and promotes safety.
17. A patient has crackles in the lower lobes. What condition might this indicate?
A) Heart failure
B) Pneumothorax
C) Asthma
D) Hypothyroidism
Answer: A
Rationale: Crackles at bases may indicate fluid overload from left-sided heart failure.
18. True or False: Auscultation of bowel sounds should be done before palpation.
Answer: True
Rationale: Palpation can alter bowel sounds, giving inaccurate findings.
19. When assessing a patient’s neurological status, the nurse should first:
A) Assess level of consciousness (LOC)
B) Test reflexes
C) Check cranial nerves
D) Assess gait
Answer: A
Rationale: LOC indicates overall brain function and is a priority assessment.
UPDATED exam 2026
2026 Fundamentals of Nursing ALL QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
- LATEST UPDATE
1. The first step in the nursing process is:
A) Assessment
B) Planning
C) Implementation
D) Evaluation
Answer: A
Rationale: Assessment involves systematic collection of patient data and guides the rest of the
nursing process.
2. True or False: Hand hygiene is the single most important measure to prevent the spread of
infection.
Answer: True
Rationale: Hand hygiene breaks the chain of infection and protects both patients and staff.
3. When entering a patient’s room for the first time, the nurse should:
A) Wash hands, introduce self, and explain procedure
B) Begin vital signs immediately
C) Check the chart only
D) Adjust equipment
Answer: A
Rationale: Establishing rapport and hygiene are essential before care or assessment.
4. A patient reports pain rated 8/10. This is considered:
A) Objective data
B) Subjective data
C) Vital signs
D) Laboratory result
Answer: B
Rationale: Subjective data comes directly from the patient’s report.
5. Normal adult blood pressure range:
A) 90/60 – 120/80 mmHg
UPDATED exam 2026
,2|Page
B) 80/50 – 100/70 mmHg
C) 100/70 – 130/90 mmHg
D) 110/70 – 140/90 mmHg
Answer: A
Rationale: This is the generally accepted normal range for adult BP.
6. True or False: Standard precautions should be applied to all patients, regardless of diagnosis.
Answer: True
Rationale: Standard precautions prevent transmission of pathogens from all patients.
7. A nurse observes a patient fall. What is the first action?
A) Assist patient and assess for injury
B) Call housekeeping
C) Complete documentation later
D) Continue with routine care
Answer: A
Rationale: Ensuring patient safety and assessing for injury is the immediate priority.
8. The nurse notes swelling, redness, and warmth around an IV site. This may indicate:
A) Phlebitis
B) Normal finding
C) Dehydration
D) Infection elsewhere
Answer: A
Rationale: These are classic signs of IV site inflammation (phlebitis).
9. True or False: Vital signs should be taken before and after medication administration that
affects heart rate or BP.
Answer: True
Rationale: Monitoring ensures patient safety and evaluates medication effectiveness.
10. Which action demonstrates therapeutic communication?
A) Open-ended questions and active listening
UPDATED exam 2026
,3|Page
B) Giving advice immediately
C) Using medical jargon
D) Interrupting the patient
Answer: A
Rationale: Therapeutic communication fosters trust and encourages patient expression.
11. The nurse is performing a focused cardiac assessment. Which is correct?
A) Auscultate heart at apex for S1 and S2
B) Palpate femoral pulse only
C) Measure respiratory rate
D) Check capillary refill only
Answer: A
Rationale: The apex is best for S1 and S2 assessment.
12. True or False: A sterile field is considered contaminated if you turn your back on it.
Answer: True
Rationale: Sterile fields must remain in sight to maintain sterility.
13. A patient refuses medication. The nurse should:
A) Document refusal and notify provider
B) Force the medication
C) Ignore refusal
D) Ask family to administer
Answer: A
Rationale: Respecting autonomy and documenting refusal protects patient rights and legal
compliance.
14. Which route has the fastest absorption?
A) Oral
B) Subcutaneous
C) Intravenous
D) Intramuscular
Answer: C
Rationale: IV medications enter directly into the bloodstream for rapid effect.
UPDATED exam 2026
, 4|Page
15. True or False: Pain assessment is considered the fifth vital sign.
Answer: True
Rationale: Regular pain assessment ensures appropriate interventions and patient comfort.
16. The nurse is teaching a patient to prevent falls at home. Which is a priority?
A) Keep pathways clear and call light within reach
B) Avoid exercise
C) Dim all lights at night
D) Remove all furniture
Answer: A
Rationale: Environmental modification reduces fall risk and promotes safety.
17. A patient has crackles in the lower lobes. What condition might this indicate?
A) Heart failure
B) Pneumothorax
C) Asthma
D) Hypothyroidism
Answer: A
Rationale: Crackles at bases may indicate fluid overload from left-sided heart failure.
18. True or False: Auscultation of bowel sounds should be done before palpation.
Answer: True
Rationale: Palpation can alter bowel sounds, giving inaccurate findings.
19. When assessing a patient’s neurological status, the nurse should first:
A) Assess level of consciousness (LOC)
B) Test reflexes
C) Check cranial nerves
D) Assess gait
Answer: A
Rationale: LOC indicates overall brain function and is a priority assessment.
UPDATED exam 2026
