CIP LEVEL 1 UPDATED SCRIPTED EXAM QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Dry Grit Blasting (Air Blasting) - ✔✔Blasting that uses a highly concentrated stream
of grit projected at a surface to remove rust, mill scale, or other contaminants, creating a
rough surface
that is good for adhesion
✔✔Venturi Nozzle - ✔✔This blasting nozzle permits abrasive velocity up to 720 kph
(450 mph), or 660 ft/s with an almost equal impact over the entire surface. The most
effective shape for tough cleaning jobs
✔✔Water Blasting - ✔✔Use of water with abrasive included in the stream or using wet
abrasive
✔✔Waterjetting - ✔✔Use of standard jetting water discharged from a nozzle at
pressures of 70 MPa (10,000 psig) or greater to prepare a surface for coating
✔✔Weld Spatter - ✔✔Particles of molten metal produced during welding and thrown
onto the surface adjacent to the weld
✔✔Crushed Slag - ✔✔Relatively cheap abrasives that are formed by metallurgical
processes or combustion (Black Beauty)
✔✔Ceramic Grit - ✔✔Relatively expensive abrasives that are justified by their special
properties. Their particles retain sharp cutting edges, and are especially effective on
hard-base materials which may resist effective blasting by chilled cast iron grit
✔✔Gouges - ✔✔Sharp indentations in the substrate
✔✔Blushing (Amine Sweating) - ✔✔Caused if cure occurs during a time when there is
cool ambient temperatures, dropping temperatures or high humidity. Caused by the
absorption of carbon dioxide and water into the coating film and its reaction with the
amine curing agent
✔✔Non-Drying Film - ✔✔When film does not properly dry, can typically be caused by
adding incorrect cure or incorrect amount of cure to the coating
✔✔Chalking - ✔✔Powdery, friable layer on the surface of a coating normally caused by
exposure to UV light, the light causes a breakdown of the bond between the molecules
in the coating film (typically epoxies)
✔✔Cratering - ✔✔The formation of small bowl-shaped depressions in the coating
caused by air trapped in the coating
, ✔✔Air Voids - ✔✔Pockets of air trapped inside the coating film generally lead to failure,
caused by air trapped in the coating during mixing
✔✔Pinholing - ✔✔Very small holes in a coating typically caused by painting over an
inorganic zinc coating (IOZ) or sprayed metal coatings
✔✔Blistering - ✔✔Dome or circular shaped projections of the coating film held away
from the substrate, these may be filled with pure water, solvent, caustic, gas, oxygen,
crystals or rust
✔✔Checking - ✔✔Appears as lines or cracks in the coating surface and typically only
appears in the topcoat, cracks rarely go through multiple layers
✔✔Alligatoring - ✔✔An incomplete form of peeling where the coating cracks into large
segments. Occurs where a hard, tough coating is applied over a softer extensible
coating.
✔✔NACE No. 1/SSPC-SP5 - ✔✔White Metal Blast Cleaning. Free from visible oil,
grease, dust, dirt, mill scale, rust, coating, oxides, corrosion products, and other foreign
matter.
✔✔NACE No. 3/SSPC-SP 6 - ✔✔Commercial Blast Cleaning. Free from visible oil,
grease, dust, dirt, mill scale, rust, coating, oxides, corrosion products, and other foreign
matter. Random staining shall be limited to no more than 33% of each unit area of
surface.
✔✔NACE No. 8/SSPC-SP14 - ✔✔Industrial Blast Cleaning. Free from visible oil,
grease, dust, and dirt. Traces of tightly adherent mill scale, rust, and coating residues
are permitted to remain on 10% of each unit area of surface.
✔✔NACE No. 4/SSPC-SP7 - ✔✔Brush-Off Blast Cleaning. Shall be free from visible oil,
grease, dust, dirt, loose mill scale, loose rust and loose coating. Tightly adherent mill
scale, rust, and coating may remain on the surface.
✔✔ISO 8501-1 - ✔✔Surface preparation standards for abrasive blast and hand and
power tool cleaning
✔✔ISO 8501-1 Sa 3 - ✔✔Blast Cleaning to Visually Clean Steel
✔✔ISO 8501-1 Sa 2 1/2 - ✔✔Very Thorough Blast Cleaning
✔✔ISO 8501-1 Sa 2 - ✔✔Thorough Blast Cleaning
SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Dry Grit Blasting (Air Blasting) - ✔✔Blasting that uses a highly concentrated stream
of grit projected at a surface to remove rust, mill scale, or other contaminants, creating a
rough surface
that is good for adhesion
✔✔Venturi Nozzle - ✔✔This blasting nozzle permits abrasive velocity up to 720 kph
(450 mph), or 660 ft/s with an almost equal impact over the entire surface. The most
effective shape for tough cleaning jobs
✔✔Water Blasting - ✔✔Use of water with abrasive included in the stream or using wet
abrasive
✔✔Waterjetting - ✔✔Use of standard jetting water discharged from a nozzle at
pressures of 70 MPa (10,000 psig) or greater to prepare a surface for coating
✔✔Weld Spatter - ✔✔Particles of molten metal produced during welding and thrown
onto the surface adjacent to the weld
✔✔Crushed Slag - ✔✔Relatively cheap abrasives that are formed by metallurgical
processes or combustion (Black Beauty)
✔✔Ceramic Grit - ✔✔Relatively expensive abrasives that are justified by their special
properties. Their particles retain sharp cutting edges, and are especially effective on
hard-base materials which may resist effective blasting by chilled cast iron grit
✔✔Gouges - ✔✔Sharp indentations in the substrate
✔✔Blushing (Amine Sweating) - ✔✔Caused if cure occurs during a time when there is
cool ambient temperatures, dropping temperatures or high humidity. Caused by the
absorption of carbon dioxide and water into the coating film and its reaction with the
amine curing agent
✔✔Non-Drying Film - ✔✔When film does not properly dry, can typically be caused by
adding incorrect cure or incorrect amount of cure to the coating
✔✔Chalking - ✔✔Powdery, friable layer on the surface of a coating normally caused by
exposure to UV light, the light causes a breakdown of the bond between the molecules
in the coating film (typically epoxies)
✔✔Cratering - ✔✔The formation of small bowl-shaped depressions in the coating
caused by air trapped in the coating
, ✔✔Air Voids - ✔✔Pockets of air trapped inside the coating film generally lead to failure,
caused by air trapped in the coating during mixing
✔✔Pinholing - ✔✔Very small holes in a coating typically caused by painting over an
inorganic zinc coating (IOZ) or sprayed metal coatings
✔✔Blistering - ✔✔Dome or circular shaped projections of the coating film held away
from the substrate, these may be filled with pure water, solvent, caustic, gas, oxygen,
crystals or rust
✔✔Checking - ✔✔Appears as lines or cracks in the coating surface and typically only
appears in the topcoat, cracks rarely go through multiple layers
✔✔Alligatoring - ✔✔An incomplete form of peeling where the coating cracks into large
segments. Occurs where a hard, tough coating is applied over a softer extensible
coating.
✔✔NACE No. 1/SSPC-SP5 - ✔✔White Metal Blast Cleaning. Free from visible oil,
grease, dust, dirt, mill scale, rust, coating, oxides, corrosion products, and other foreign
matter.
✔✔NACE No. 3/SSPC-SP 6 - ✔✔Commercial Blast Cleaning. Free from visible oil,
grease, dust, dirt, mill scale, rust, coating, oxides, corrosion products, and other foreign
matter. Random staining shall be limited to no more than 33% of each unit area of
surface.
✔✔NACE No. 8/SSPC-SP14 - ✔✔Industrial Blast Cleaning. Free from visible oil,
grease, dust, and dirt. Traces of tightly adherent mill scale, rust, and coating residues
are permitted to remain on 10% of each unit area of surface.
✔✔NACE No. 4/SSPC-SP7 - ✔✔Brush-Off Blast Cleaning. Shall be free from visible oil,
grease, dust, dirt, loose mill scale, loose rust and loose coating. Tightly adherent mill
scale, rust, and coating may remain on the surface.
✔✔ISO 8501-1 - ✔✔Surface preparation standards for abrasive blast and hand and
power tool cleaning
✔✔ISO 8501-1 Sa 3 - ✔✔Blast Cleaning to Visually Clean Steel
✔✔ISO 8501-1 Sa 2 1/2 - ✔✔Very Thorough Blast Cleaning
✔✔ISO 8501-1 Sa 2 - ✔✔Thorough Blast Cleaning
