NSG 312 TEST 1 BLUEPRINT QUESTIONS WITH VERRIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2026
Types of hearing loss(1) - Answers conductive and sensorineural
CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS - Answers stems from a problem in outer or middle ear
SENSORINEURAL hearing loss - Answers typically involves damage to cochlea or CN VIII
malignant external otitis(1?) - Answers external ear infection, caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa,
treated with IV ABs
acute otitis media(1?) - Answers middle ear infection, bacteria from ET into middle ear, abs to solve,
s/sx pain and fever
(1)Glaucoma - Answers increase in intra-ocular pressure that can lead to optic nerve damage caused
by a congestion of aqueous humor in the eye
s/sx of glaucoma/risk factors - Answers LOSS OF PERIPHERAL VISION, blurred vision, "halos", risk
factors- age infection, tumors, diabetes, genetics, HTN, eye trauma
tx of glaucoma - Answers CHOLINGERICS(MIOTICS)- increase aqueous outflow, beta blockers, alpha
adrenal blockers and carbonic anhydrase blockers decrease aqueous production, prostaglandin
analogs increase uveoscleral outflow
macular degeneration(1), what to use, risk factors, and sx - Answers USE AMSLER GRIDS AND REPORT
IF LOOKS DISTORTED, RISK:DIET LACKING IN CAROTENE OR VIT E, CENTRAL VISION LOSS IS MOST
COMMON SX
cataracts(1), sx, risk factors - Answers A LENS OPACITY OR CLOUDINESS, risk factors: age is most
common, trauma, obesity, infection, diabetes, downsyndrome, renal disease, S/sx PAINLESS,
PHOTOSENSITIVITY, blurry vision, light scattering, reduced acuity
cataract tx - Answers surgical one at a time several weeks in between
cataract nursing care - Answers eye patch first 24 hours, avoid IOP related activities, teach about post
op meds
stroke general(1) risk factors, s/sx, interventions - Answers age, gender, ethnicity, HTN, cardiovascular
disease, obesity, DM, substance abuse, high cholesterol, s/sx: loss of balance, loss of vision, drooping,
weakness, speech, interventions: prevention shoulder adduction, position hands and fingers,
repositioning, active ROM, ambulation
ischemic stroke(4) - Answers sudden severe HA, ED priority, rule out Hemorrhage with ct, administer
tPA as ordered
ischemic recovery - Answers assist OOB asap, ROM 5x per day, prevent shoulder adduction, nutrition,
roll to weaker side first
thrombotic ischemic stroke - Answers blood clot in cerebral artery
embolic ischemic - Answers clot(embolus) traveling from elsewhere to cerebral artery
hemorrhagic stroke(2) - Answers EARLY AND SUDDEN CHANGES IN LOC, blood vessel in brain bursts
hemorrhagic s/sx - Answers severe HA"worst headache I've had", vomiting, bleeding,
hemorrhagic management/recovery - Answers bed rest with sedation, supportive care, 02, vasospasm
tx, increases ICP and HTN monitor bp , recover: improve cerebral circulation, ABSOLUTE BEDREST with
HOB 30 DEGREES, avoid any ICP or BP increasing activities
TIA(2) - Answers "warning of impending stroke", temporary impairment in blood flow
TIA preventative tx - Answers carotid endarterectomy for carotid stenosis, anticoagulation therapy,
anti platelet therapy, statins, anti HTN meds
head injury(5) - Answers look at LOC, GCS, neuro assessment, primary injury(contusion, laceration,
hematoma, etc) secondary injury(damage evolving over days and hours after primary)
Concussion - Answers loss of consciousness with no structural damage, MONITOR FOR CHANGE SIN
LOC
DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY - Answers WIDESPREAD AXON DAMAGE IN THE BRAIN WITH HEAD TRAUMA,
PT DEVELOPS IMMEDIATE COMA, INTRACRANIAL BLEEDING
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF A BASILAR SKULL FRACTURE - Answers THE BATTLE SIGN(ECCHYMOSIS
BEHIND THE EAR), CSF LEAK(HALO SIGN), OR BLEEDING FROM THE NOSE, PHARYNX, OR EARS
spinal cord injury(3) - Answers c4:diaphram, above t12:rspiratory involvement, below t12,
total/partial sensory or motor paralysis
spinal cord injury planning/goals - Answers RELIEF OF URINARY RETENTION, promotes airway
clearance, look for s/sx of pneumonia
ICP cushings triad(2) - Answers 3 SIGNS: INCREASED SBP, DECREASES PULSE AND RR(opposite of shock
symptoms)
Types of hearing loss(1) - Answers conductive and sensorineural
CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS - Answers stems from a problem in outer or middle ear
SENSORINEURAL hearing loss - Answers typically involves damage to cochlea or CN VIII
malignant external otitis(1?) - Answers external ear infection, caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa,
treated with IV ABs
acute otitis media(1?) - Answers middle ear infection, bacteria from ET into middle ear, abs to solve,
s/sx pain and fever
(1)Glaucoma - Answers increase in intra-ocular pressure that can lead to optic nerve damage caused
by a congestion of aqueous humor in the eye
s/sx of glaucoma/risk factors - Answers LOSS OF PERIPHERAL VISION, blurred vision, "halos", risk
factors- age infection, tumors, diabetes, genetics, HTN, eye trauma
tx of glaucoma - Answers CHOLINGERICS(MIOTICS)- increase aqueous outflow, beta blockers, alpha
adrenal blockers and carbonic anhydrase blockers decrease aqueous production, prostaglandin
analogs increase uveoscleral outflow
macular degeneration(1), what to use, risk factors, and sx - Answers USE AMSLER GRIDS AND REPORT
IF LOOKS DISTORTED, RISK:DIET LACKING IN CAROTENE OR VIT E, CENTRAL VISION LOSS IS MOST
COMMON SX
cataracts(1), sx, risk factors - Answers A LENS OPACITY OR CLOUDINESS, risk factors: age is most
common, trauma, obesity, infection, diabetes, downsyndrome, renal disease, S/sx PAINLESS,
PHOTOSENSITIVITY, blurry vision, light scattering, reduced acuity
cataract tx - Answers surgical one at a time several weeks in between
cataract nursing care - Answers eye patch first 24 hours, avoid IOP related activities, teach about post
op meds
stroke general(1) risk factors, s/sx, interventions - Answers age, gender, ethnicity, HTN, cardiovascular
disease, obesity, DM, substance abuse, high cholesterol, s/sx: loss of balance, loss of vision, drooping,
weakness, speech, interventions: prevention shoulder adduction, position hands and fingers,
repositioning, active ROM, ambulation
ischemic stroke(4) - Answers sudden severe HA, ED priority, rule out Hemorrhage with ct, administer
tPA as ordered
ischemic recovery - Answers assist OOB asap, ROM 5x per day, prevent shoulder adduction, nutrition,
roll to weaker side first
thrombotic ischemic stroke - Answers blood clot in cerebral artery
embolic ischemic - Answers clot(embolus) traveling from elsewhere to cerebral artery
hemorrhagic stroke(2) - Answers EARLY AND SUDDEN CHANGES IN LOC, blood vessel in brain bursts
hemorrhagic s/sx - Answers severe HA"worst headache I've had", vomiting, bleeding,
hemorrhagic management/recovery - Answers bed rest with sedation, supportive care, 02, vasospasm
tx, increases ICP and HTN monitor bp , recover: improve cerebral circulation, ABSOLUTE BEDREST with
HOB 30 DEGREES, avoid any ICP or BP increasing activities
TIA(2) - Answers "warning of impending stroke", temporary impairment in blood flow
TIA preventative tx - Answers carotid endarterectomy for carotid stenosis, anticoagulation therapy,
anti platelet therapy, statins, anti HTN meds
head injury(5) - Answers look at LOC, GCS, neuro assessment, primary injury(contusion, laceration,
hematoma, etc) secondary injury(damage evolving over days and hours after primary)
Concussion - Answers loss of consciousness with no structural damage, MONITOR FOR CHANGE SIN
LOC
DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY - Answers WIDESPREAD AXON DAMAGE IN THE BRAIN WITH HEAD TRAUMA,
PT DEVELOPS IMMEDIATE COMA, INTRACRANIAL BLEEDING
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF A BASILAR SKULL FRACTURE - Answers THE BATTLE SIGN(ECCHYMOSIS
BEHIND THE EAR), CSF LEAK(HALO SIGN), OR BLEEDING FROM THE NOSE, PHARYNX, OR EARS
spinal cord injury(3) - Answers c4:diaphram, above t12:rspiratory involvement, below t12,
total/partial sensory or motor paralysis
spinal cord injury planning/goals - Answers RELIEF OF URINARY RETENTION, promotes airway
clearance, look for s/sx of pneumonia
ICP cushings triad(2) - Answers 3 SIGNS: INCREASED SBP, DECREASES PULSE AND RR(opposite of shock
symptoms)
