Psychology 101 Unit 1 test Questions
with Accurate Answers
Structuralism - ANSWERSThe early thought promoted by Wundt and Michener; used
introspection to revel the structure of the human kind
Functionalism - ANSWERSEarly thought promoted by James and influenced by Darwin,
explored how mental and behavioral processes function- how they enable the organism
to adapt, survive, and flourish.
Wundt - ANSWERSFather of psychology, first psychology lab, sensation and
perception, functionalism
James - ANSWERSFather of American psychology, wrote principles of psychology,
studied memory and emotion, functionalism
Calkins - ANSWERSFirst female president of the American Psychological Association
and became a distinguished memory researcher
Freud - ANSWERSFounder of psychoanalysis, brought attention to the study of
motivation, conflict, dreams, and a method of "free association"
Behaviorist movement - ANSWERS(thorndike, Pavlov, J.B. Watson, B.F. Skinner) The
study of observable behavior, stimulus-response learning, reinforcement theory
Humanist movement - ANSWERS(Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow) "Optimistic" view on
human nature, emphasized the unique qualities of humans, especially their freedom
and potential growth
Cognition - ANSWERSStudy mental processes such as thinking, knowing, and
remembering, memory for nonsense syllables
Neuroscience Movement - ANSWERSInvolves the study of the brain and its direct
influence on behavior
Modern definition of psychology - ANSWERSThe science of behavior and mental
processes
Counseling psychology - ANSWERSAssists people with problems in living
Clinical psychology - ANSWERSStudies and treats people with problems in living
, Psychiatry - ANSWERSBench of medicine dealing with disorders
Community psychology - ANSWERSStudies how people interact with their social
environment and how social institutions affect individuals and groups
Hindsight bias and over confidence - ANSWERSWe believe we know more then we
actually do which affects the scientific perspective
Theory - ANSWERSExplanation using integrated set of principles that organizes prior
observations and predicts future events or behaviors
Hypothesis - ANSWERSTestable prediction generated from a larger theoretical
understanding of a relationship between 2 or more variables
3 types of neurons - ANSWERSSensory, motor, and interneurons
dendrites - ANSWERSReceive messages from other cells
Terminal branches of axon - ANSWERSForm junctions with other cells
axon - ANSWERSPasses messages from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, and
other glands
Cell body - ANSWERSThe cell's life-support center
Neural impulse - ANSWERSAction potential-electrical signal traveling down the axon
Myelin sheath - ANSWERScovers the axon of some neurons and helps speed the
neural impulses
Resting potential - ANSWERSA neuron's stable, negative charge when the cell is
inactive
Action potential - ANSWERSA brief shift in a neuron's electrical charge that travels
along an axon
Refractory period - ANSWERSminimum length of time following an AP during which
another AP cannot begin
Synapse - ANSWERSJunction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the
dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron
Acetylcholine - ANSWERSEnables muscle action, learning, and memory
Dopamine - ANSWERSInfluences movement, learning, attention, and emotion
with Accurate Answers
Structuralism - ANSWERSThe early thought promoted by Wundt and Michener; used
introspection to revel the structure of the human kind
Functionalism - ANSWERSEarly thought promoted by James and influenced by Darwin,
explored how mental and behavioral processes function- how they enable the organism
to adapt, survive, and flourish.
Wundt - ANSWERSFather of psychology, first psychology lab, sensation and
perception, functionalism
James - ANSWERSFather of American psychology, wrote principles of psychology,
studied memory and emotion, functionalism
Calkins - ANSWERSFirst female president of the American Psychological Association
and became a distinguished memory researcher
Freud - ANSWERSFounder of psychoanalysis, brought attention to the study of
motivation, conflict, dreams, and a method of "free association"
Behaviorist movement - ANSWERS(thorndike, Pavlov, J.B. Watson, B.F. Skinner) The
study of observable behavior, stimulus-response learning, reinforcement theory
Humanist movement - ANSWERS(Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow) "Optimistic" view on
human nature, emphasized the unique qualities of humans, especially their freedom
and potential growth
Cognition - ANSWERSStudy mental processes such as thinking, knowing, and
remembering, memory for nonsense syllables
Neuroscience Movement - ANSWERSInvolves the study of the brain and its direct
influence on behavior
Modern definition of psychology - ANSWERSThe science of behavior and mental
processes
Counseling psychology - ANSWERSAssists people with problems in living
Clinical psychology - ANSWERSStudies and treats people with problems in living
, Psychiatry - ANSWERSBench of medicine dealing with disorders
Community psychology - ANSWERSStudies how people interact with their social
environment and how social institutions affect individuals and groups
Hindsight bias and over confidence - ANSWERSWe believe we know more then we
actually do which affects the scientific perspective
Theory - ANSWERSExplanation using integrated set of principles that organizes prior
observations and predicts future events or behaviors
Hypothesis - ANSWERSTestable prediction generated from a larger theoretical
understanding of a relationship between 2 or more variables
3 types of neurons - ANSWERSSensory, motor, and interneurons
dendrites - ANSWERSReceive messages from other cells
Terminal branches of axon - ANSWERSForm junctions with other cells
axon - ANSWERSPasses messages from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, and
other glands
Cell body - ANSWERSThe cell's life-support center
Neural impulse - ANSWERSAction potential-electrical signal traveling down the axon
Myelin sheath - ANSWERScovers the axon of some neurons and helps speed the
neural impulses
Resting potential - ANSWERSA neuron's stable, negative charge when the cell is
inactive
Action potential - ANSWERSA brief shift in a neuron's electrical charge that travels
along an axon
Refractory period - ANSWERSminimum length of time following an AP during which
another AP cannot begin
Synapse - ANSWERSJunction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the
dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron
Acetylcholine - ANSWERSEnables muscle action, learning, and memory
Dopamine - ANSWERSInfluences movement, learning, attention, and emotion
