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NUR 265 – EXAM 4 | QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | 2025
Allergic Reaction Priority-correct-answer-STOP THE INFUSION/ELIMINATE the
trigger, then STOP the immune response
Give Epi
maintain airway
Latex allergy: risks-correct-answer--frequent use of latex condoms
-healthcare workers
-allergy to avocados, bananas, and some nuts
Anaphylactic shock-correct-answer-AIRWAY--give epi IV or IM STAT and intubate if
needed
BREATHING--apply O2; mechanically ventilate
CIRCULATION--monitor for distributive shock; give fluids
Epinephrine Auto-injector teaching-correct-answer-always carry 2 devices
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inject by "stabbing" into top of thigh with pants on (AVOID pockets)
call 911 immediately--patient still needs to be monitored
keep epi in cool dark place.
Immunocompromised Patient-correct-answer--Do not drink anything that has
been sitting out
-take temp at least once per day
-clean toothbrush once weekly in diswasher or bleach solution
-do not eat raw foods; salad, cottage cheese
-do not scoop litter boxes
-no plants or soil exposure
-antibacterial soap
-AVOID reptiles
HIV: Assess-correct-answer-CD4 count
ELISA test once per year for at risk patients
HIV: Interventions-correct-answer-PREVENTION:
-condoms
-PreP (truvada) must take 4 consecutive days in a row before protected; cant miss
more than one dose in a row
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-needle safety
-post exposure prophylaxis-start cART within 24-36 hours of exposure
HIV: Nutrition-correct-answer-high calorie
high protein
low fat
small frequent meals
thrush--treat with anitfungal
HIV tx: HAART/cART-correct-answer-DOES NOT CURE
Does not prevent secondary/opportunistic infections
MUST TAKE 90% of the time --otherwise resistance will occur
HIV: complications --- AIDS-correct-answer-CD4 count less than 200mmhg
most likely to experience opportunistic infections
--I.e Pneumocystic jiroveci pneumonia (ASSESS AIRWAY!!)
consult pallative care/hospice
candida albicans-correct-answer--Hallmark sign-- white patches in the mouth
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-"food doesnt taste right"
-If patient wants a coke they can have it! They just have to rinse mouth out with
water (fungus loves sugar)
tuberculosis-correct-answer-hallmark sign-- night sweats, high fever, cough
-airborne isolation
-do not trust TB skin test in client with HIV
Fungal pneumonia-correct-answer-ABC's
monitor ABG--if hypoxemia present
antifungal drugs IV
External Radiation-correct-answer--teach client to leave markings in place
-use sunscreen
-wash skin with mild soap and use lotion frequently
Breast Cancer: Risks-correct-answer--BRCA 1&2 genes (preventative mastectomy)
-women age 65-80
-elevated estrogen levels
NUR 265 – EXAM 4 | QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | 2025
Allergic Reaction Priority-correct-answer-STOP THE INFUSION/ELIMINATE the
trigger, then STOP the immune response
Give Epi
maintain airway
Latex allergy: risks-correct-answer--frequent use of latex condoms
-healthcare workers
-allergy to avocados, bananas, and some nuts
Anaphylactic shock-correct-answer-AIRWAY--give epi IV or IM STAT and intubate if
needed
BREATHING--apply O2; mechanically ventilate
CIRCULATION--monitor for distributive shock; give fluids
Epinephrine Auto-injector teaching-correct-answer-always carry 2 devices
,2|Page
inject by "stabbing" into top of thigh with pants on (AVOID pockets)
call 911 immediately--patient still needs to be monitored
keep epi in cool dark place.
Immunocompromised Patient-correct-answer--Do not drink anything that has
been sitting out
-take temp at least once per day
-clean toothbrush once weekly in diswasher or bleach solution
-do not eat raw foods; salad, cottage cheese
-do not scoop litter boxes
-no plants or soil exposure
-antibacterial soap
-AVOID reptiles
HIV: Assess-correct-answer-CD4 count
ELISA test once per year for at risk patients
HIV: Interventions-correct-answer-PREVENTION:
-condoms
-PreP (truvada) must take 4 consecutive days in a row before protected; cant miss
more than one dose in a row
,3|Page
-needle safety
-post exposure prophylaxis-start cART within 24-36 hours of exposure
HIV: Nutrition-correct-answer-high calorie
high protein
low fat
small frequent meals
thrush--treat with anitfungal
HIV tx: HAART/cART-correct-answer-DOES NOT CURE
Does not prevent secondary/opportunistic infections
MUST TAKE 90% of the time --otherwise resistance will occur
HIV: complications --- AIDS-correct-answer-CD4 count less than 200mmhg
most likely to experience opportunistic infections
--I.e Pneumocystic jiroveci pneumonia (ASSESS AIRWAY!!)
consult pallative care/hospice
candida albicans-correct-answer--Hallmark sign-- white patches in the mouth
, 4|Page
-"food doesnt taste right"
-If patient wants a coke they can have it! They just have to rinse mouth out with
water (fungus loves sugar)
tuberculosis-correct-answer-hallmark sign-- night sweats, high fever, cough
-airborne isolation
-do not trust TB skin test in client with HIV
Fungal pneumonia-correct-answer-ABC's
monitor ABG--if hypoxemia present
antifungal drugs IV
External Radiation-correct-answer--teach client to leave markings in place
-use sunscreen
-wash skin with mild soap and use lotion frequently
Breast Cancer: Risks-correct-answer--BRCA 1&2 genes (preventative mastectomy)
-women age 65-80
-elevated estrogen levels
