Chapter01:PerspectivesofPediatricNursing
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Hockenberry:Wong’sNursingCareofInfantsandChildren,12th d d d d d d d d d
Edition
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MULTIPLECHOICE d
1. What is the major cause ofdeath for children inthe United States?
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a. Heart disease d
b. Childhood cancer d
c. Injuries
d. Congenitalanomalies d
ANS: C d
Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through adolescence. The d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
leading cause of death for those younger than 1 year is congenital anomalies, and childhood cancers and heart
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disease cause a significantly lower percentageofdeaths inchildrenolder than1 year of age.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP:NursingProcess:Planning d d d d d
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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2. Parentsofahospitalizedtoddler ask thenurse, “What is meant byfamily-centeredcare?”The nurse should
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respond with which statement?
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a. Family-centered care reducesthe effect ofculturaldiversityon the family. d d d d d d d d d d
b. Family-centered care encourages familydependence onthe healthcare system. d d d d d d d d d
c. Family-centered carerecognizes that the familyisthe constant ina child’s life. d d d d d d d d d d d d
d. Family-centered careavoidsexpecting familiestobepartofthedecision-making d d d d d d d d d d
process.
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ANS: C d
The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration, and support. Family- centered
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care recognizes the family as the constant in the child’s life. The family should be enabled and empoweredto
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work withthe healthcare systemand is expected to be partofthe decision-making process. The nurse should
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also support the family’s cultural diversity, not reduce its effect.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP:NursingProcess:Implementation d d d d d
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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3. Evidence-basedpractice (EBP),adecision-making model, isbest described as which? d d d d d d d d d d
a. Using information intextbooksto guide care d d d d d d
b. Combiningknowledge withclinicalexperience and intuition d d d d d d
c. Usinga professional codeofethics as a means for decision making d d d d d d d d d d d
d. Gatheringallevidence that applies tothe child’s health and familysituation d d d d d d d d d d d
ANS: B d
EBP helps focus on measurable outcomes; the use of demonstrated, effective interventions; and questioning
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thebest approach. EBP involvesdecisionmaking based ontheintegrationofthebest research evidence
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combined with clinical expertise and patient values.
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,Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test Bank
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering TOP:NursingProcess:Planning d d d d d
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
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4. The nurse is talking to agroupofparentsofschool-age children at an after-schoolprogramabout
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childhood health problems. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching?
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a. Childhoodobesityisthe most commonnutritionalproblemamong children. d d d d d d d d d
b. Immunizationrates arethe same among childrenofdifferent races and ethnicity. d d d d d d d d d d d
c. Dentalcaries is not a problemcommonlyseen inchildrensince the introduction of
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fluorinated water.
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d. Mentalhealthproblemsare typicallynot seen inschool-agechildrenbut maybe d d d d d d d d d d d d
diagnosed in adolescents.
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ANS: A d
When teaching parents of school-age children about childhood health problems, the nurse should include
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information about childhoodobesity because it is the most common problemamong children and is
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associated withtype 2 diabetes. Teaching parents about ways to prevent obesityis important to include.
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Immunizationrates differ depending onthe child’s race and ethnicity;dentalcaries continues to be a common
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chronic disease in childhood; and mental health problems are seen in children as young as school age, not just
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in adolescents.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP:IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning d d d d d
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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5. Thenurse isplanning care for ahospitalized preschool-aged child. Whichshould thenurseplanto ensure
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atraumatic care?
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a. Limit explanationofprocedures becausethe child is preschoolaged.
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b. Askthat all familymembers leavethe roomwhen performingprocedures.
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c. Allow the child to choosethe type ofjuiceto drink withthe administrationoforal
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medications.
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d. Explainthat EMLAcreamcannot be used forthe morning labdraw because there is not d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
time for it to be effective.
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ANS: C d
The overriding goalinproviding atraumatic care is first, do no harm. Allowing the child, a choice of juice to
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drink whentaking oralmedicationsprovides the child witha sense ofcontrol. The preschool child should be
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prepared before procedures, so limiting explanations of procedures would increase anxiety. The family
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should be allowed to staywith the child during procedures, minimizing stress.
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Lidocaine/prilocaine (EMLA) creamis a topicallocalanesthetic. The nurse should planto usethe prescribed d d d d d d d d d d d d d d d
cream in time for morning laboratory draws to minimize pain.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP:NursingProcess:Planning d d d d d
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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6. Whichsituationdenotes anontherapeutic nurse–patient–familyrelationship?
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a. Thenurse is planningto read a favorite fairytale to a patient.
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b. Duringshift report,thenurse iscriticizing parentsfor not visiting their child.d d d d d d d d d d d d
c. Thenurse isdiscussing witha fellow nurse the emotionaldraw to acertainpatient.
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d. Thenurseisworkingwithafamilyto findwaystodecreasethe family’s dependence on
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health care providers.
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,Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test Bank
ANS: B d
Criticizing parents for not visiting in shift report is nontherapeutic and shows an under involvement withthe
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parents. Reading a fairytale isatherapeuticand age-appropriateaction. Discussing feelings of an emotional
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draw with a fellow nurse is therapeutic and shows a willingness to understand feelings. Working with
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parents to decrease dependence on health care providers is therapeutic and helps to empower the family.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP:IntegratedProcess:Caring d d d d d
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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7. Thenurse isaware that which age-group isat risk for childhoodinjurybecause ofthecognitive
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characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking?
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a. Preschool
b. Youngschoolage d d
c. Middle schoolage d d
d. Adolescent
ANS: A d
Preschool children have the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking, meaning they are
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unable to comprehend danger to self or others. Young and middle school-aged children have transitional
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cognitive processes, and they may attempt dangerous acts without detailed planning but recognizedanger to
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themselvesorothers. Adolescentshave formaloperationalcognitiveprocesses and are preoccupied with
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abstract thinking.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding TOP: NursingProcess:Assessment d d d d d
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
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8. The schoolnurse is assessing children for risk factorsrelatedto childhood injuries. Whichchild has the
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most risk factors related to childhood injury?
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a. Female, multiplesiblings, stablehome life d d d d d
b. Male, highactivitylevel, stressfulhome life d d d d d d
c. Male, eventempered, historyofprevious injuries d d d d d d
d. Female, reacts negativelytonewsituations, no seriousprevious injuries d d d d d d d d d
ANS: B d
Boys have a preponderance for injuries over girls because ofa difference in behavioral characteristics, a high
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activitytemperament is associated with risk-taking behaviors, and stress predisposes children to increased
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risk taking and self-destructive behaviors. Therefore, a male child with a high activity level and living ina
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stressfulenvironment has the highest number ofrisk factors. Agirlwithseveralsiblings and astablehome life is
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lowrisk. Aboywithprevious injurieshastwo risk factors,but aneventemper is not a risk factor for injuries. A
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girl who reacts negatively to new situations but has no previous serious illnesses has only one risk factor.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP: NursingProcess:Assessment d d d d d
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
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9. Anadolescent patient wantstomakedecisionsabouttreatment options, alongwithhis parents. Which moral
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value is the nurse displaying when supporting the adolescent to make decisions?
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a. Justice
, Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test Bank
b. Autonomy
c. Beneficence
d. Nonmaleficence
ANS: B d
Autonomyisthepatient’sright to beself-governing. Theadolescent is trying to be autonomous, so the nurse is
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supporting this value. Justice is the concept of fairness. Beneficence is the obligation to promote the patient’s
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well-being. Nonmaleficence is the obligation to minimize or prevent harm.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing TOP:NursingProcess:Evaluation d d d d d
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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MULTIPLERESPONSE d
1. Which responsibilities are included in the pediatric nurse’s promotion of the health and well-being of
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children? (Select all that apply.)
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a. Promotingdiseaseprevention d d
b. Providingfinancialassistance d d
c. Providingsupport and counseling d d d
d. Establishinglifelongfriendships d d
e. Establishingatherapeutic relationship d d d
f. Participating in ethicaldecision making d d d d
ANS: A, C, E, F d d d d
The pediatric nurse’s role includespromoting disease prevention, providing support and counseling,
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establishingatherapeuticrelationship, andparticipating inethicaldecision making;apediatricnurse does not
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need to establish lifelong friendships or provide financial assistance to children and their families. Boundaries
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should be set and clear.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP:NursingProcess:Planning d d d d d
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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2. The nurse is conducting a teaching session for parents on nutrition. Which characteristics of families should
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the nurse consider, that cancause familiesto struggle inproviding adequate nutrition?(Select all that apply.)
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a. Homelessness
b. Lower income d
c. Migrantstatus d
d. Workingparents d
e. Singleparent status d d
ANS: A, B,C d d d
Families that struggle with lower incomes, homelessness, and migrant status generally lack the resourcesto
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providetheir childrenwithadequate foodintake, nutritiousfoodssuchas fresh fruitsand vegetables, and
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appropriate protein intake. Working parents and single parent status do not mean the families will struggle to
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provide adequate nutrition.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying TOP: IntegratedProcess:Teaching/Learning d d d d d
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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