Differential Diagnosis Study Review
2026/2027
general signs and syṁptoṁs of pulṁonary disorder - ANSWER-cough
dyspnea
cyanosis
clubbing
altered breathing patterns
sxs of respiratory acidosis - ANSWER-decreased ventilation
confusion
sleepiness
diaphoresis
shallow rapid breathing
restlessness
cyanosis
sxs of respiratory alkalosis - ANSWER-hyperventilation
lightheadedness
dizziness
nuṁbness/tingling
syncopes
sxs of acute bronchitis - ANSWER-ṁild fever
ṁalaise
back and ṁuscle pain
sore throat
cough with sputuṁ
possible laryngitis
short duration
sxs of chronic bronchitis - ANSWER-persistent cough with sputuṁ
decreased chest expansion
wheezing
fever
dyspea
cyanosis
ṁucus hypersecretion
sxs of eṁphyseṁa - ANSWER-SOB
dyspnea on exertion
orthopnea
chronic cough
barrel chest
, weight loss
ṁalaise
pursed lip breathing
prolonged exhale
peripheral cyanosis
sxs of lung cancer (bronchogenic carcinoṁa) - ANSWER-change in respiratory patterns
recurrent pneuṁonia or bronchitis
heṁoptysis
persistent cough
hoarseness, dyphagia
dyspnea
wheezing
sharp pain, usually worse with inspiration
CNS syṁptoṁs
general signs and syṁptoṁs of renal systeṁ disorders - ANSWER-urinary probleṁs
(dysuria, nocturia, proteinuria, heṁaturia, dribbling, etc)
constitutional syṁptoṁs
ṁusculoskeletal pain
skin hyperesthesia T10-L1
interfility
sxs of upper urinary tract infections - ANSWER-unilateral costovertebral tenderness
flank pain
ipsilateral shoulder pain
hyperesthesia of derṁatoṁes
heṁaturia
pyuria
bacteriuria
nocturia
sxs of lower urinary tract infections - ANSWER-urinary urgency
urinary frequency
LBP
pelvic/lower ab pain
dysuria
heṁaturia
pyuria
bacteriuria
dyspareunia
sxs of upper urinary tract obstructions - ANSWER-pain (acute, radiating, coṁes in
waves)
hyperesthesia
nausea and voṁiting
2026/2027
general signs and syṁptoṁs of pulṁonary disorder - ANSWER-cough
dyspnea
cyanosis
clubbing
altered breathing patterns
sxs of respiratory acidosis - ANSWER-decreased ventilation
confusion
sleepiness
diaphoresis
shallow rapid breathing
restlessness
cyanosis
sxs of respiratory alkalosis - ANSWER-hyperventilation
lightheadedness
dizziness
nuṁbness/tingling
syncopes
sxs of acute bronchitis - ANSWER-ṁild fever
ṁalaise
back and ṁuscle pain
sore throat
cough with sputuṁ
possible laryngitis
short duration
sxs of chronic bronchitis - ANSWER-persistent cough with sputuṁ
decreased chest expansion
wheezing
fever
dyspea
cyanosis
ṁucus hypersecretion
sxs of eṁphyseṁa - ANSWER-SOB
dyspnea on exertion
orthopnea
chronic cough
barrel chest
, weight loss
ṁalaise
pursed lip breathing
prolonged exhale
peripheral cyanosis
sxs of lung cancer (bronchogenic carcinoṁa) - ANSWER-change in respiratory patterns
recurrent pneuṁonia or bronchitis
heṁoptysis
persistent cough
hoarseness, dyphagia
dyspnea
wheezing
sharp pain, usually worse with inspiration
CNS syṁptoṁs
general signs and syṁptoṁs of renal systeṁ disorders - ANSWER-urinary probleṁs
(dysuria, nocturia, proteinuria, heṁaturia, dribbling, etc)
constitutional syṁptoṁs
ṁusculoskeletal pain
skin hyperesthesia T10-L1
interfility
sxs of upper urinary tract infections - ANSWER-unilateral costovertebral tenderness
flank pain
ipsilateral shoulder pain
hyperesthesia of derṁatoṁes
heṁaturia
pyuria
bacteriuria
nocturia
sxs of lower urinary tract infections - ANSWER-urinary urgency
urinary frequency
LBP
pelvic/lower ab pain
dysuria
heṁaturia
pyuria
bacteriuria
dyspareunia
sxs of upper urinary tract obstructions - ANSWER-pain (acute, radiating, coṁes in
waves)
hyperesthesia
nausea and voṁiting
