HYPERTENSIONstNCLEXstQUESTIONSstWITHstCOMPLETEstSO
LUTIONS
Astclientstwithstnewlystdiagnosedsthypertensionstasksstwhatstshestcanstdosttostde
creasestthestriskstforstrelatedstcardiovascularstproblems.stWhichstofstthestfollow
ingstriskstfactorsstisstmodifiablestbystthestclient?
a)stImpairedstrenalstfunction
st
b)stDyslipidemia
st
c)stAge
st
d)stFamilysthistoryst-stcorrectstanswer✔ ✔ Dyslipidemia
st
Correctst
Explanation:stPagest862
Age,stfamilysthistory,standstimpairedstrenalstfunctionstarestriskstfactorsstforstcar
diovascularstdiseasestrelatedsttosthypertensionstthatstthestclientstcannotstchange
.stObesity,stinactivity,standstdisylipidemiastarestriskstfactorsstthatstthestclientstca
nstimprovestthroughstdiet,stexercise,standstothersthealthystlifestylestchanges.
Astpatientstisstadmittedsttostthestintensivestcarestunitst(ICU)stwithstastdiagnosissto
fsthypertensionstemergency/crisis.stThestpatient'sstbloodstpressurest(BP)stisst20
0/130stmmstHg.stThestnursestisstpreparingsttostadministerstIVstNitropressst(nitro
prusside).stUponstassessment,stwhichstofstthestfollowingstpatientstfindingsstreq
uiresstimmediatestinterventionstbystthestnurse?
, a)stNauseastandstseverestheadache
st
b)stCheststpainstscorestofst3/10st(onstastscalestofst1sttost10)
st
c)stUrinestoutputstofst40stcc/mLstoverstthestlaststhour
st
d)stLeftstarmstnumbnessstandstweaknessst-stcorrectstanswer✔ ✔
st
Leftstarmstnumbnessstandstweakness
Explanation:stPagest873
Hypertensivestemergenciesstarestacute,stlife-
threateningstBPstelevationsstthatstrequirestpromptsttreatmentstinstanstintensivest
carestsettingstbecausestofstthestserioussttargetstorganstdamagestthatstmaystoccur.st
Thestfindingstofstleftstarmstnumbnessstandstweaknessstmaystindicatestthestpatien
tstisstexperiencingstneurologicalstsymptomsstassociatedstwithstanstischemicststr
okestbecausestofstthestseverelystelevatedstBPstandstrequiresstimmediatestinterve
ntions.stAsturinestoutputstofst40stmL/hstisstwithinstnormalstlimits.stThestotherstfin
dingsstarestlikelystcausedstbystthesthypertensionstandstrequirestintervention,stbu
tsttheystdostnotstrequirestactionstassturgentlystasstthestneurologicstchanges.
Hypertensionstisstdefinedstasst"sustainedstelevationsstinstsystolicstorstdiastolicst
bloodstpressuresstthatstexceedstprehypertensionstlevels."stWhatstarestsomestofstt
hestconsequencesstofsthypertensionstthatstmakestitstsuchstasthealthstmenacestinstt
hestUnitedstStates?
a)stCerebrovascularstaccident
st
b)stCardiacstfailure
st
c)stRenalstdisease
st
, d)stAllstoptionsstarestcorrect.st-stcorrectstanswer✔ ✔
st
Allstoptionsstarestcorrect.
Correctst
Explanation:stPagest862
Healthcarestprofessionalssthavestrevisedstguidelinesstforstidentifyingsthyperte
nsionstbecausesthypertensionstplacesstpeoplestatstriskstforstheartstdisease,stheart
stfailure,ststroke,standstkidneystdisease.
Ast35-year-
oldstfemalestpatientsthasstbeenstdiagnosedstwithsthypertension.stThestpatientstiss
taststockstbroker,stsmokesstdaily,standstisstalsostastdiabetic.stDuringstastfollow-
upstappointment,stthestpatientststatesstthatstshestfindsstitstcumbersomestandsttim
estconsumingsttostvisitstthestdoctorstregularlystjuststtostcheckstherstbloodstpressur
est(BP).stAsstthestnurse,stwhichstofstthestfollowingstaspectsstofstpatientstteachings
twouldstyoustrecommend?
a)stPurchasingstastself-monitoringstBPstcuff
st
b)stAdvisingstastsmokingstcessation
st
c)stDiscussingstmethodsstforststressstreduction
st
d)stAdministeringstglycemicstcontrolst-stcorrectstanswer✔ ✔
st
Correctstresponse:stPurchasingstastself-monitoringstBPstcuff
Explanation:stPagest871
Becausestthisstpatientstfindsstitsttimestconsumingsttostvisitstthestdoctorstjuststforst
astbloodstpressurestreading,stasstthestnurse,styoustcanstsuggeststthestusestofstanstau
, tomaticstcuffstatstastlocalstpharmacy,storstpurchasingstastself-
monitoringstcuff.stDiscussingstmethodsstforststressstreduction,stadvisingstastsm
okingstcessation,standstadministeringstglycemicstcontrolstwouldstconstitutestp
atientsteducationstinstmanagingsthypertension.
Whensttreatingsthypertensivestemergencies,stthestnursestidentifiesstthestmoststa
ppropriatestroutestofstadministrationstforstantihypertensivestagentsstasstbeingst
whichstofstthestfollowing?
a)stSublingualst
st
b)stContinuousstIVstinfusionst
st
c)stOralst
st
d)stIntramuscularst-stcorrectstanswer✔ ✔
st
Correctstresponse:stContinuousstIVstinfusion
Explanation:stPagest873
Thestmedicationsstofstchoicestinsthypertensivestemergenciesstarestbeststmanag
edstthroughstthestcontinuousstIVstinfusionstofstastshort-
actingsttitratablestantihypertensivestagent.stThestnursestavoidsstthestsublinguals
tandstIMstroutesstassttheirstabsorptionstandstdynamicsstarestunpredictable.stThest
oralstroutestwouldstnotsthavestasstquickstanstonsetstasstastcontinuousstIVstinfusion
.
Astnursestisstcaringstforstastclientstwithsthypertension.stThestphysicianstordersstf
urosemidest(lasix)st2stmg/kgsttostbestgivenstintravenously.stThestclientstweighsst
24stkg.stThestmedicationstcomesstinstastsingle-
LUTIONS
Astclientstwithstnewlystdiagnosedsthypertensionstasksstwhatstshestcanstdosttostde
creasestthestriskstforstrelatedstcardiovascularstproblems.stWhichstofstthestfollow
ingstriskstfactorsstisstmodifiablestbystthestclient?
a)stImpairedstrenalstfunction
st
b)stDyslipidemia
st
c)stAge
st
d)stFamilysthistoryst-stcorrectstanswer✔ ✔ Dyslipidemia
st
Correctst
Explanation:stPagest862
Age,stfamilysthistory,standstimpairedstrenalstfunctionstarestriskstfactorsstforstcar
diovascularstdiseasestrelatedsttosthypertensionstthatstthestclientstcannotstchange
.stObesity,stinactivity,standstdisylipidemiastarestriskstfactorsstthatstthestclientstca
nstimprovestthroughstdiet,stexercise,standstothersthealthystlifestylestchanges.
Astpatientstisstadmittedsttostthestintensivestcarestunitst(ICU)stwithstastdiagnosissto
fsthypertensionstemergency/crisis.stThestpatient'sstbloodstpressurest(BP)stisst20
0/130stmmstHg.stThestnursestisstpreparingsttostadministerstIVstNitropressst(nitro
prusside).stUponstassessment,stwhichstofstthestfollowingstpatientstfindingsstreq
uiresstimmediatestinterventionstbystthestnurse?
, a)stNauseastandstseverestheadache
st
b)stCheststpainstscorestofst3/10st(onstastscalestofst1sttost10)
st
c)stUrinestoutputstofst40stcc/mLstoverstthestlaststhour
st
d)stLeftstarmstnumbnessstandstweaknessst-stcorrectstanswer✔ ✔
st
Leftstarmstnumbnessstandstweakness
Explanation:stPagest873
Hypertensivestemergenciesstarestacute,stlife-
threateningstBPstelevationsstthatstrequirestpromptsttreatmentstinstanstintensivest
carestsettingstbecausestofstthestserioussttargetstorganstdamagestthatstmaystoccur.st
Thestfindingstofstleftstarmstnumbnessstandstweaknessstmaystindicatestthestpatien
tstisstexperiencingstneurologicalstsymptomsstassociatedstwithstanstischemicststr
okestbecausestofstthestseverelystelevatedstBPstandstrequiresstimmediatestinterve
ntions.stAsturinestoutputstofst40stmL/hstisstwithinstnormalstlimits.stThestotherstfin
dingsstarestlikelystcausedstbystthesthypertensionstandstrequirestintervention,stbu
tsttheystdostnotstrequirestactionstassturgentlystasstthestneurologicstchanges.
Hypertensionstisstdefinedstasst"sustainedstelevationsstinstsystolicstorstdiastolicst
bloodstpressuresstthatstexceedstprehypertensionstlevels."stWhatstarestsomestofstt
hestconsequencesstofsthypertensionstthatstmakestitstsuchstasthealthstmenacestinstt
hestUnitedstStates?
a)stCerebrovascularstaccident
st
b)stCardiacstfailure
st
c)stRenalstdisease
st
, d)stAllstoptionsstarestcorrect.st-stcorrectstanswer✔ ✔
st
Allstoptionsstarestcorrect.
Correctst
Explanation:stPagest862
Healthcarestprofessionalssthavestrevisedstguidelinesstforstidentifyingsthyperte
nsionstbecausesthypertensionstplacesstpeoplestatstriskstforstheartstdisease,stheart
stfailure,ststroke,standstkidneystdisease.
Ast35-year-
oldstfemalestpatientsthasstbeenstdiagnosedstwithsthypertension.stThestpatientstiss
taststockstbroker,stsmokesstdaily,standstisstalsostastdiabetic.stDuringstastfollow-
upstappointment,stthestpatientststatesstthatstshestfindsstitstcumbersomestandsttim
estconsumingsttostvisitstthestdoctorstregularlystjuststtostcheckstherstbloodstpressur
est(BP).stAsstthestnurse,stwhichstofstthestfollowingstaspectsstofstpatientstteachings
twouldstyoustrecommend?
a)stPurchasingstastself-monitoringstBPstcuff
st
b)stAdvisingstastsmokingstcessation
st
c)stDiscussingstmethodsstforststressstreduction
st
d)stAdministeringstglycemicstcontrolst-stcorrectstanswer✔ ✔
st
Correctstresponse:stPurchasingstastself-monitoringstBPstcuff
Explanation:stPagest871
Becausestthisstpatientstfindsstitsttimestconsumingsttostvisitstthestdoctorstjuststforst
astbloodstpressurestreading,stasstthestnurse,styoustcanstsuggeststthestusestofstanstau
, tomaticstcuffstatstastlocalstpharmacy,storstpurchasingstastself-
monitoringstcuff.stDiscussingstmethodsstforststressstreduction,stadvisingstastsm
okingstcessation,standstadministeringstglycemicstcontrolstwouldstconstitutestp
atientsteducationstinstmanagingsthypertension.
Whensttreatingsthypertensivestemergencies,stthestnursestidentifiesstthestmoststa
ppropriatestroutestofstadministrationstforstantihypertensivestagentsstasstbeingst
whichstofstthestfollowing?
a)stSublingualst
st
b)stContinuousstIVstinfusionst
st
c)stOralst
st
d)stIntramuscularst-stcorrectstanswer✔ ✔
st
Correctstresponse:stContinuousstIVstinfusion
Explanation:stPagest873
Thestmedicationsstofstchoicestinsthypertensivestemergenciesstarestbeststmanag
edstthroughstthestcontinuousstIVstinfusionstofstastshort-
actingsttitratablestantihypertensivestagent.stThestnursestavoidsstthestsublinguals
tandstIMstroutesstassttheirstabsorptionstandstdynamicsstarestunpredictable.stThest
oralstroutestwouldstnotsthavestasstquickstanstonsetstasstastcontinuousstIVstinfusion
.
Astnursestisstcaringstforstastclientstwithsthypertension.stThestphysicianstordersstf
urosemidest(lasix)st2stmg/kgsttostbestgivenstintravenously.stThestclientstweighsst
24stkg.stThestmedicationstcomesstinstastsingle-
