NURS 514 Exam 4 Questions with Correct Answers| Latest Update Guaranteed Success
Leading cause of
Adult blindness
End-stage kidney disease
Nontraumatic lower limb amputations
Major contributing factor
Heart disease
Stroke
Hypertension Diabetes Mellitus
The rise in plasma insulin after a meal inhibits ___________________, enhances fat deposition
of adipose tissue, and increases protein synthesis. gluconeogenesis
glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormone, and cortisol counterregulatory hormones
(hormones increase blood glucose levels by (1) stimulating glucose production and release by
the liver and (2) decreasing the movement of glucose into the cells. The counterregulatory
hormones and insulin usually maintain blood glucose levels within the normal range by
regulating the release of glucose for energy during food intake and periods of fasting.)
True or false:
Insulin is necessary for glucose transport in
brain, liver, blood cells False!
two hormones secreted by cells in the Islet of Langerhans region to stabilize blood sugar levels
glucagon and insulin
,binds to receptors in the liver, stimulating the conversion of stored glycogen into glucose
glucagon
First line oral drug for DM type 2
reduces glucose production in the liver, increases insulin sensitivity
adverse effects: include GI issues (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting), anorexia, fatigue, aggitation
Metformin
dapagliflozin (Farxiga), empagliflozin (Jardiance), canagliflozin (Invokana) SGL-2 Inhibitors
Relatively new med for DM type 2
reabsorbs glucose within the renal proximal tubule, glucose is excreted in the urine
Adverse effects: UTI, DKA, hypoglycemia SGL-2 Inhibitors
Oral agent for type 2 DM
piaglitazone, rosiglitazone
increase storage of fatty acids, increasing the body cell's dependence on glucose for energy,
reduces insulin resistance
adverse effects: Weight gain, URI, hypoglycemia, hepatotoxicity, MI, HF, bone fractures
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)
, Oral agent for type 2 DM
Acarbose, Miglitol, Voglibose
slow breakdown of complex carbs into glucose within the small intestine
adverse effects: diarrhea, flatulence, abdominal distension, hypoglycemia alpha-glucosidase
inhibitors
Sulfonylureas glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride
Meglitinides Repaglinide (Prandin)
Nateglinide (Starlix)
most common bacterial infection in women UTI
Patients at risk for UTI Immunosuppressed
Diabetic
Have kidney problems
Have undergone multiple antibiotic
courses
Have traveled to developing
countries
Leading cause of
Adult blindness
End-stage kidney disease
Nontraumatic lower limb amputations
Major contributing factor
Heart disease
Stroke
Hypertension Diabetes Mellitus
The rise in plasma insulin after a meal inhibits ___________________, enhances fat deposition
of adipose tissue, and increases protein synthesis. gluconeogenesis
glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormone, and cortisol counterregulatory hormones
(hormones increase blood glucose levels by (1) stimulating glucose production and release by
the liver and (2) decreasing the movement of glucose into the cells. The counterregulatory
hormones and insulin usually maintain blood glucose levels within the normal range by
regulating the release of glucose for energy during food intake and periods of fasting.)
True or false:
Insulin is necessary for glucose transport in
brain, liver, blood cells False!
two hormones secreted by cells in the Islet of Langerhans region to stabilize blood sugar levels
glucagon and insulin
,binds to receptors in the liver, stimulating the conversion of stored glycogen into glucose
glucagon
First line oral drug for DM type 2
reduces glucose production in the liver, increases insulin sensitivity
adverse effects: include GI issues (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting), anorexia, fatigue, aggitation
Metformin
dapagliflozin (Farxiga), empagliflozin (Jardiance), canagliflozin (Invokana) SGL-2 Inhibitors
Relatively new med for DM type 2
reabsorbs glucose within the renal proximal tubule, glucose is excreted in the urine
Adverse effects: UTI, DKA, hypoglycemia SGL-2 Inhibitors
Oral agent for type 2 DM
piaglitazone, rosiglitazone
increase storage of fatty acids, increasing the body cell's dependence on glucose for energy,
reduces insulin resistance
adverse effects: Weight gain, URI, hypoglycemia, hepatotoxicity, MI, HF, bone fractures
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)
, Oral agent for type 2 DM
Acarbose, Miglitol, Voglibose
slow breakdown of complex carbs into glucose within the small intestine
adverse effects: diarrhea, flatulence, abdominal distension, hypoglycemia alpha-glucosidase
inhibitors
Sulfonylureas glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride
Meglitinides Repaglinide (Prandin)
Nateglinide (Starlix)
most common bacterial infection in women UTI
Patients at risk for UTI Immunosuppressed
Diabetic
Have kidney problems
Have undergone multiple antibiotic
courses
Have traveled to developing
countries
