Robbins3Basic3Pathology310th3Edition3Kymar3Abbas3Test3Bank
Chapter31.3The3Cell3as3a3Unit3of3Health3and3Disease
1 The3nucleus
,3which3is3essential 3for3function3and3
survival3of3the3cell.
A) is3the3site3of3protein3synthesis
B) contains3the3genetic 3code
C) transforms3cellular3energy
D) initiates3aerobic3metabolism
2 Although3energy3is3not3made3in3mitochondria,3they3are3known3
as3the3power3plants3of3the3cell3because3they:
A) contain3RNA3for3protein3synthesis.
B) utilize3glycolysis3for3oxidative3energy.
C) extract3energy3from3organic3compounds.
D) store3calcium3bonds3for3muscle3contractions.
3 Although3the3basic3structure3of3the3cell3plasma3membrane3is3fo
rmed3by3a3lipid3bilayer,3most3of3the3specific3membrane3functio
ns3are3carried3out3by:
A) bound3and3transmembrane3proteins.
B) complex,3long3carbohydrate3chains.
C) surface3antigens3and3hormone3receptors.
D) a3gating3system3of3selective 3ion3channels.
4 To3effectively3relay3signals,3cell-to-
cell3communication3utilizes3chemical3messenger3systems3th
at:
A) displace3surface3receptor3proteins.
B) accumulate3within3cell3gap3junctions.
C) bind3to3contractile3microfilaments.
,D) release3secretions3into3extracellular3fluid.
5 Aerobic3metabolism,3also3known3as3oxidative3metabolism,3p
rovides3energy3by:
A) removing3the3phosphate3bonds3from3ATP.
B) combining3hydrogen3and3oxygen3to3form3water
.
C) activating3pyruvate3stored3in3the3cytoplasm.
D) breaking3down3glucose3to3form3lactic3acid.
6 Exocytosis,3the3reverse3of3endocytosis,3is3important3in
into3the3extracellular3fluid.
A) Engulfing3and3ingesting3fluid3and3proteins3for3tran
sport
B) Killing,3degrading,3and3dissolving3harmful3microo
rganisms
C) Removing3cellular3debris3and3releasing3synthesize
d3substances
D) Destruction3of3particles3by3lysosomal 3enzymes3
for3secretion
7 The3process3responsible3for3generating3and 3conducting3mem
brane3potentials3is:
A) diffusion3of3current-carrying3ions.
B) millivoltage3of3electrical3potential.
C) polarization3of3charged3particles.
D) ion3channel3neurotransmission.
8 Epithelial3tissues3are3classified3according3to3the3shape3of3the3ce
lls3and3the3number3of3layers.3Which3of3the3following3is3a3corre
ctly3matched3description3and3type3of3epithelial3tissue?
,A) Simple3epithelium:3cells3in3contact3with3interc
ellular3matrix;3some3do3not3extend3to3 surface
B) Stratified3epithelium:3single3layer3of3cells;3all3c
ells3rest3on3basement3membrane
C) Glandular3epithelium:3arise3from3surface3epith
elia3and3underlying3connective3tissue
D) Pseudostratified3epithelium:3multiple3layers3of3
cells;3deepest3layer3rests3on3basement3membra
ne
9 Connective3tissue3contains3fibroblasts3that3are3responsible3for:
A) providing3a3fibrous3framework3for3capillaries.
B) synthesis3of3collagen,3elastin,3and3reticular3fibe
rs.
C) forming3tendons3and3the3fascia3that3covers3muscle
s.
D) filling3spaces3between3tissues3to 3keep3organs3in3pl
ace.
10 Although3all3muscle3tissue3 cells3have3 some3similarities,3 smo
oth3muscle3(also 3known3as3involuntary3muscle)3differs3by:
A) having3dense3bodies3attached3to3actin3filaments
.
B) containing3sarcomeres3between3Z3lines3and3M3ban
ds.
C) having3rapid3contractions3and 3abundant3cross-
3striations.
D) contracting3in3response3to3increased3intracellul
ar3calcium.
, 11 Which3of3the3following3aspects3of3the3function3of3the3nucleus3i
s3performed3by3ribosomal3RNA3(rRNA)?
A) Copying3and3carrying3DNA3instructions3for3protei
n3synthesis
B) Carrying3amino3acids3to3the3site3of3protein3synthes
is
C) Providing3the3site3where3protein3synthesis3occu
rs
D) Regulating3and3controlling3protein3synthesis
12 Breakdown3and3removal3of3foreign3substances3and3worn-
out3cell3parts3are3performed3by3which3of3the3following3organe
lles?
A) Lysosomes
B) Golgi3apparatus
C) Ribosomes
D) Endoplasmic3reticulum3(ER)
13 Impairment3in3the3function3of3peroxisomes3would3result3in:
A) inadequate3sites3for3protein3synthesis.
B) an3inability3to3transport3cellular3products3acros
s3the3cell3membrane.
C) insufficient3energy3production3within3a3cell.
D) accumulation3of3free3radicals3in3the3cytoplasm.
14 After3several3months3of3trying3to3conceive,3a3couple3is3underg
oing3fertility3testing.3Semen3analysis3indicates3that3the3mans3s
perm3have3decreased3motility,3a3finding3that3is3thought3to3unde
rlie3the3couples3inability3to3become3pregnant.3Which3of3the3fol
lowing3cellular3components3may3be3defective3within3the3mans3
sperm?
A) Ribosomes
B) Microtubules
Chapter31.3The3Cell3as3a3Unit3of3Health3and3Disease
1 The3nucleus
,3which3is3essential 3for3function3and3
survival3of3the3cell.
A) is3the3site3of3protein3synthesis
B) contains3the3genetic 3code
C) transforms3cellular3energy
D) initiates3aerobic3metabolism
2 Although3energy3is3not3made3in3mitochondria,3they3are3known3
as3the3power3plants3of3the3cell3because3they:
A) contain3RNA3for3protein3synthesis.
B) utilize3glycolysis3for3oxidative3energy.
C) extract3energy3from3organic3compounds.
D) store3calcium3bonds3for3muscle3contractions.
3 Although3the3basic3structure3of3the3cell3plasma3membrane3is3fo
rmed3by3a3lipid3bilayer,3most3of3the3specific3membrane3functio
ns3are3carried3out3by:
A) bound3and3transmembrane3proteins.
B) complex,3long3carbohydrate3chains.
C) surface3antigens3and3hormone3receptors.
D) a3gating3system3of3selective 3ion3channels.
4 To3effectively3relay3signals,3cell-to-
cell3communication3utilizes3chemical3messenger3systems3th
at:
A) displace3surface3receptor3proteins.
B) accumulate3within3cell3gap3junctions.
C) bind3to3contractile3microfilaments.
,D) release3secretions3into3extracellular3fluid.
5 Aerobic3metabolism,3also3known3as3oxidative3metabolism,3p
rovides3energy3by:
A) removing3the3phosphate3bonds3from3ATP.
B) combining3hydrogen3and3oxygen3to3form3water
.
C) activating3pyruvate3stored3in3the3cytoplasm.
D) breaking3down3glucose3to3form3lactic3acid.
6 Exocytosis,3the3reverse3of3endocytosis,3is3important3in
into3the3extracellular3fluid.
A) Engulfing3and3ingesting3fluid3and3proteins3for3tran
sport
B) Killing,3degrading,3and3dissolving3harmful3microo
rganisms
C) Removing3cellular3debris3and3releasing3synthesize
d3substances
D) Destruction3of3particles3by3lysosomal 3enzymes3
for3secretion
7 The3process3responsible3for3generating3and 3conducting3mem
brane3potentials3is:
A) diffusion3of3current-carrying3ions.
B) millivoltage3of3electrical3potential.
C) polarization3of3charged3particles.
D) ion3channel3neurotransmission.
8 Epithelial3tissues3are3classified3according3to3the3shape3of3the3ce
lls3and3the3number3of3layers.3Which3of3the3following3is3a3corre
ctly3matched3description3and3type3of3epithelial3tissue?
,A) Simple3epithelium:3cells3in3contact3with3interc
ellular3matrix;3some3do3not3extend3to3 surface
B) Stratified3epithelium:3single3layer3of3cells;3all3c
ells3rest3on3basement3membrane
C) Glandular3epithelium:3arise3from3surface3epith
elia3and3underlying3connective3tissue
D) Pseudostratified3epithelium:3multiple3layers3of3
cells;3deepest3layer3rests3on3basement3membra
ne
9 Connective3tissue3contains3fibroblasts3that3are3responsible3for:
A) providing3a3fibrous3framework3for3capillaries.
B) synthesis3of3collagen,3elastin,3and3reticular3fibe
rs.
C) forming3tendons3and3the3fascia3that3covers3muscle
s.
D) filling3spaces3between3tissues3to 3keep3organs3in3pl
ace.
10 Although3all3muscle3tissue3 cells3have3 some3similarities,3 smo
oth3muscle3(also 3known3as3involuntary3muscle)3differs3by:
A) having3dense3bodies3attached3to3actin3filaments
.
B) containing3sarcomeres3between3Z3lines3and3M3ban
ds.
C) having3rapid3contractions3and 3abundant3cross-
3striations.
D) contracting3in3response3to3increased3intracellul
ar3calcium.
, 11 Which3of3the3following3aspects3of3the3function3of3the3nucleus3i
s3performed3by3ribosomal3RNA3(rRNA)?
A) Copying3and3carrying3DNA3instructions3for3protei
n3synthesis
B) Carrying3amino3acids3to3the3site3of3protein3synthes
is
C) Providing3the3site3where3protein3synthesis3occu
rs
D) Regulating3and3controlling3protein3synthesis
12 Breakdown3and3removal3of3foreign3substances3and3worn-
out3cell3parts3are3performed3by3which3of3the3following3organe
lles?
A) Lysosomes
B) Golgi3apparatus
C) Ribosomes
D) Endoplasmic3reticulum3(ER)
13 Impairment3in3the3function3of3peroxisomes3would3result3in:
A) inadequate3sites3for3protein3synthesis.
B) an3inability3to3transport3cellular3products3acros
s3the3cell3membrane.
C) insufficient3energy3production3within3a3cell.
D) accumulation3of3free3radicals3in3the3cytoplasm.
14 After3several3months3of3trying3to3conceive,3a3couple3is3underg
oing3fertility3testing.3Semen3analysis3indicates3that3the3mans3s
perm3have3decreased3motility,3a3finding3that3is3thought3to3unde
rlie3the3couples3inability3to3become3pregnant.3Which3of3the3fol
lowing3cellular3components3may3be3defective3within3the3mans3
sperm?
A) Ribosomes
B) Microtubules
