UCLA EMT TRAUMA TEST 2026 EXPERT
VERIFIED | ACE THE TEST
Perfusion - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Delivery of O2 and removal of CO2
- Requires a pump (heart), fluid (blood), and vessels
Hypoperfusion - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔inadequate flow of blood: i.e. SHOCK
Hypovolemic shock - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔shock resulting from blood or fluid loss
- can be a result of bleeding, burns, or dehydration
Distributive shock - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔widespread vasodilation
- can be caused by SEPSIS
,Sepsis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Severe infection that has an initial point then
spreads throughout bloodstream
- Toxins from infection destroy vessel walls, leading to capillary
permeability & reduced intravascular fluid
How to treat septic shock? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔POWR: Position (supine), O2,
Warmth, Rapid transport
Neurogenic shock - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔loss of control of muscular tone of blood
vessels (due to a spinal cord injury & damage to the nervous system)
Symptoms of neurogenic shock - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔hypotension and
bradycardia (only vagus signal bc of sympathetic damage)
- usually warm, dry skin below injury (unlike other types of shock)
Anaphylactic shock - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Severe allergic reaction that leads to
widespread vasodilation
Anaphylactic shock symptoms - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Increased vascular
permeability
- Bronchoconstriction
- Stridor
, - Hives, edema, itching
4 types of skull fractures - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- linear, depressed, open, basilar
Linear skull fracture - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A simple crack in the skull
- least deadly
- most common
- usually perpendicular to suture in skull
Depressed skull fracture - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Inward indentation of the skull
with possible pressure on brain
- Usually caused from direct trauma to skull (I.e. baseball bat to head)
- Will feel abnormal
Open skull fracture - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a skull fracture with an associated
open wound to the overlying scalp
- pierced brain cavity
- worst injury, most deadly
Basilar skull fracture - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Fracture at the base of the skull
- leak in cranial vault (usually occurs at high speeds)
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
VERIFIED | ACE THE TEST
Perfusion - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Delivery of O2 and removal of CO2
- Requires a pump (heart), fluid (blood), and vessels
Hypoperfusion - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔inadequate flow of blood: i.e. SHOCK
Hypovolemic shock - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔shock resulting from blood or fluid loss
- can be a result of bleeding, burns, or dehydration
Distributive shock - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔widespread vasodilation
- can be caused by SEPSIS
,Sepsis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Severe infection that has an initial point then
spreads throughout bloodstream
- Toxins from infection destroy vessel walls, leading to capillary
permeability & reduced intravascular fluid
How to treat septic shock? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔POWR: Position (supine), O2,
Warmth, Rapid transport
Neurogenic shock - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔loss of control of muscular tone of blood
vessels (due to a spinal cord injury & damage to the nervous system)
Symptoms of neurogenic shock - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔hypotension and
bradycardia (only vagus signal bc of sympathetic damage)
- usually warm, dry skin below injury (unlike other types of shock)
Anaphylactic shock - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Severe allergic reaction that leads to
widespread vasodilation
Anaphylactic shock symptoms - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Increased vascular
permeability
- Bronchoconstriction
- Stridor
, - Hives, edema, itching
4 types of skull fractures - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- linear, depressed, open, basilar
Linear skull fracture - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A simple crack in the skull
- least deadly
- most common
- usually perpendicular to suture in skull
Depressed skull fracture - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Inward indentation of the skull
with possible pressure on brain
- Usually caused from direct trauma to skull (I.e. baseball bat to head)
- Will feel abnormal
Open skull fracture - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a skull fracture with an associated
open wound to the overlying scalp
- pierced brain cavity
- worst injury, most deadly
Basilar skull fracture - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Fracture at the base of the skull
- leak in cranial vault (usually occurs at high speeds)
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
