NURS 306 COMPREHENSIVE TEST 2026 FULL
ANSWERS REVIEW GRADED A+
◉ Infertility Treatment for Males. Answer: -hormonal therapy
-lifestyle changes (stay out of hot tubs for 6-8 months for sperm to
mature)
-corticosteroids
-antibiotics
-surgery
◉ Infertility Treatment for Females. Answer: -Medications:
antibiotics & Clomiphene citrate
-lifestyle changes
-surgery: tubal, myomectomy
◉ Conception. Answer: -also known as fertilization
-occurs when a sperm nucleus enters the nucleus of the oocyte
-fertilization usually occurs in the outer third of the fallopian tube
-the fertilized oocyte is called a zygote and contains the diploid
number of chromosomes
,◉ Cell Division. Answer: -single-cell zygote undergoes mitotic cell
division known as cleavage
-by the third day after fertilization, the zygote has morphed into a
16-cell, solid sphere called a morula
-mitosis continues; around day 5, the developing human enters the
uterus and becomes a blastocyst
-the blastocyst consists of an inner cell mass; the embryoblast,
which will develop into the embryo; and an outer cell mass, the
trophoblast, which assists in implantation and will become part of
the placenta
◉ Multiple Gestation. Answer: refers to more than one developing
embryo, such as in the case of twins
◉ Implantation. Answer: -the embedding of the blastocyst into the
endometrium of the uterus
-begins around day 5 or 6
-to prepare for implantation, progesterone stimulates the
endometrium to become thicker and more vascular while enzymes
secreted by the trophoblast, now referred to as the chorion, digest
the surface of the endometrium
-implantation usually occurs in the upper part of the posterior wall
of the uterus
, ◉ Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG). Answer: -stimulates the
corpus luteum so that it will continue to secrete estrogen and
progesterone until the placenta is mature enough to do so
-this hormone is assessed in pregnancy tests
-hCG rises rapidly during the first trimester and then rapidly
declines
◉ Placenta. Answer: -serves as the fetal lungs, kidneys and GI tract
and as a separate endocrine organ throughout the pregnancy
-placental circulation established as early as 3rd week of pregnancy
-grows to 15-20 separate "lobes" called cotyledons
-by week 20, covers approximately 1/2 surface of internal uterus
-no direct exchange of blood between the embryo and the mother
during pregnancy-exchange is through selective osmosis
◉ Progesterone. Answer: facilitates implantation and decreases
uterine contractility
◉ Human Placental Lactogen (hPL). Answer: promotes fetal growth
by regulating available glucose and stimulates breast development
in preparation for lactation
◉ Teratogens. Answer: -Drugs: illicit drug use 5-9%
-Alcohol: most common substance abused= pre-term labor (PTL)
ANSWERS REVIEW GRADED A+
◉ Infertility Treatment for Males. Answer: -hormonal therapy
-lifestyle changes (stay out of hot tubs for 6-8 months for sperm to
mature)
-corticosteroids
-antibiotics
-surgery
◉ Infertility Treatment for Females. Answer: -Medications:
antibiotics & Clomiphene citrate
-lifestyle changes
-surgery: tubal, myomectomy
◉ Conception. Answer: -also known as fertilization
-occurs when a sperm nucleus enters the nucleus of the oocyte
-fertilization usually occurs in the outer third of the fallopian tube
-the fertilized oocyte is called a zygote and contains the diploid
number of chromosomes
,◉ Cell Division. Answer: -single-cell zygote undergoes mitotic cell
division known as cleavage
-by the third day after fertilization, the zygote has morphed into a
16-cell, solid sphere called a morula
-mitosis continues; around day 5, the developing human enters the
uterus and becomes a blastocyst
-the blastocyst consists of an inner cell mass; the embryoblast,
which will develop into the embryo; and an outer cell mass, the
trophoblast, which assists in implantation and will become part of
the placenta
◉ Multiple Gestation. Answer: refers to more than one developing
embryo, such as in the case of twins
◉ Implantation. Answer: -the embedding of the blastocyst into the
endometrium of the uterus
-begins around day 5 or 6
-to prepare for implantation, progesterone stimulates the
endometrium to become thicker and more vascular while enzymes
secreted by the trophoblast, now referred to as the chorion, digest
the surface of the endometrium
-implantation usually occurs in the upper part of the posterior wall
of the uterus
, ◉ Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG). Answer: -stimulates the
corpus luteum so that it will continue to secrete estrogen and
progesterone until the placenta is mature enough to do so
-this hormone is assessed in pregnancy tests
-hCG rises rapidly during the first trimester and then rapidly
declines
◉ Placenta. Answer: -serves as the fetal lungs, kidneys and GI tract
and as a separate endocrine organ throughout the pregnancy
-placental circulation established as early as 3rd week of pregnancy
-grows to 15-20 separate "lobes" called cotyledons
-by week 20, covers approximately 1/2 surface of internal uterus
-no direct exchange of blood between the embryo and the mother
during pregnancy-exchange is through selective osmosis
◉ Progesterone. Answer: facilitates implantation and decreases
uterine contractility
◉ Human Placental Lactogen (hPL). Answer: promotes fetal growth
by regulating available glucose and stimulates breast development
in preparation for lactation
◉ Teratogens. Answer: -Drugs: illicit drug use 5-9%
-Alcohol: most common substance abused= pre-term labor (PTL)
