NU 518 EXAM 3 – ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING 300 QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS -PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY &
CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING COVERING THE MOST TESTED
QUESTIONS GRADED A+
A |35-year-old |archaeologist |comes |to |your |office |(located |in |Phoenix, |Arizona) |for |a |regular |skin
|check-up. |She |has |just |returned |from |her |annual |dig |site |in |Greece. |She |has |fair |skin |and
|reddish- |blonde |hair. |She |has |a |family |history |of |melanoma. |She |has |many |freckles |scattered
|across |her |skin.
From |this |description, |which |of |the |following |is |not |a |risk |factor |for |melanoma
in |this |patient?
|
A) Age
B) Hair |color
C) Actinic |lentigines
D) Heavy |sun |exposure |-CORRECT |ANSWER-A
You |are |speaking |to |an |8th |grade |class |about |health |prevention |and |are |preparing |to |discuss |the
|ABCDEs |of |melanoma. |Which |of |the |following |descriptions |correctly |defines |the |ABCDEs?
A) A |= |actinic; |B |= |basal |cell; |C |= |color |changes, |especially |blue; |D |= |diameter |>6 |mm; |E |=evolution
B) A |= |asymmetry; |B |= |irregular |borders; |C |= |color |changes, |especially |blue; |D |= |diameter |>6 |mm;
|E |= |evolution
C) A |= |actinic; |B |= |irregular |borders; |C |= |keratoses; |D |= |dystrophic |nails; |E |= |evolution
D) A |= |asymmetry; |B |= |regular |borders; |C |= |color |changes, |especially |orange; |D |= |diameter |>6 |mm;
|E
= |evolution |-CORRECT |ANSWER-B
,You |are |beginning |the |examination |of |the |skin |on |a |25-year-old |teacher. |You |have |previously
|elicited |that |she |came |to |the |office |for |evaluation |of |fatigue, |weight |gain, |and |hair |loss. |You
|strongly |suspect |that |she |has |hypothyroidism. |What |is |the |expected |moisture |and |texture |of |the
|skin |of |a |patient |with |hypothyroidism?
A) Moist |and |smooth
B) Moist |and |rough
C) Dry |and |smooth
D) Dry |and |rough |-CORRECT |ANSWER-D
A |28-year-old |patient |comes |to |the |office |for |evaluation |of |a |rash. |At |first |there |was |only |one
|large |patch, |but |then |more |lesions |erupted |suddenly |on |the |back |and |torso; |the |lesions |itch. |On
|physical |examination, |you |note |that |the |pattern |of |eruption |is |like |a |Christmas |tree |and |that
|there |are |a |variety |of |erythematous |papules |and |macules |on |the |cleavage |lines |of |the |back.
|Based |on |this |description, |what |is |the |most |likely |diagnosis?
A) Pityriasis |rosea
B) Tinea |versicolor
C) Psoriasis
D) Atopic |eczema |-CORRECT |ANSWER-A
A |19-year-old |construction |worker |presents |for |evaluation |of |a |rash. |He |notes |that |it |started |on
|his |back |with |a |multitude |of |spots |and |is |also |on |his |arms, |chest, |and |neck. |It |itches |a |lot. |He |does
|sweat |more |than |before |because |being |outdoors |is |part |of |his |job. |On |physical |examination, |you
|note |dark |tan |patches |with |a |reddish |cast |that |has |sharp |borders |and |fine |scales, |scattered |more
|prominently |around |the |upper |back, |chest, |neck, |and |upper |arms |as |well |as |under |the |arms.
|Based |on |this |description, |what |is |your |most |likely |diagnosis?
A) Pityriasis |rosea
B) Tinea |versicolor
C) Psoriasis
D) Atopic |eczema |-CORRECT |ANSWER-B
A |68-year-old |retired |farmer |comes |to |your |office |for |evaluation |of |a |skin |lesion. |On |the |right
|temporal |area |of |the |forehead, |you |see |a |flattened |papule |the |same |color |as |his |skin, |covered |by
|a |dry |scale |that |is |round |and |feels |hard. |He |has |several |more |of |these |scattered |on |the |forehead,
|arms, |and |legs. |Based |on |this |description, |what |is |your |most |likely |diagnosis?
A) Actinic |keratosis
B) Seborrheic |keratosis
,C) Basal |cell |carcinoma
D) Squamous |cell |carcinoma |-CORRECT |ANSWER-A
A |58-year-old |gardener |comes |to |your |office |for |evaluation |of |a |new |lesion |on |her |upper |chest.
|The |lesion |appears |to |be |"stuck |on" |and |is |oval, |brown, |and |slightly |elevated |with |a |flat |surface.
|It |has |a |rough, |wartlike |texture |on |palpation. |Based |on |this |description, |what |is |your |most |likely
|diagnosis?
A) Actinic |keratosis
B) Seborrheic |keratosis
C) Basal |cell |carcinoma
D) Squamous |cell |carcinoma |-CORRECT |ANSWER-B
A |72-year-old |teacher |comes |to |a |skilled |nursing |facility |for |rehabilitation |after |being |in |the
|hospital |for |6 |weeks. |She |was |treated |for |sepsis |and |respiratory |failure |and |had |to |be |on |the
|ventilator |for |3 |weeks. |You |are |completing |your |initial |assessment |and |are |evaluating |her |skin
|condition. |On |her |sacrum |there |is |full-thickness |skin |loss |that |is |5 |cm |in |diameter, |with |damage
|to |the |subcutaneous |tissue. |The |underlying |muscle |is |not |affected. |You |diagnose |this |as |a
|pressure |ulcer. |What |is |the |stage |of |this |ulcer?
A) Stage |1
B) Stage |2
C) Stage |3
D) Stage |4 |-CORRECT |ANSWER-C
An |8-year-old |girl |comes |with |her |mother |for |evaluation |of |hair |loss. |She |denies |pulling |or
|twisting |her |hair, |and |her |mother |has |not |noted |this |behavior |at |all. |She |does |not |put |her |hair |in
|braids. |On |physical |examination, |you |note |a |clearly |demarcated, |round |patch |of |hair |loss |without
|visible |scaling |or |inflammation. |There |are |no |hair |shafts |visible. |Based |on |this |description, |what
is |your |most |likely |diagnosis?
A) Alopecia |areata
B) Trichotillomania
C) Tinea |capitis
D) Traction |alopecia |-CORRECT |ANSWER-A
A |mother |brings |her |11 |month |old |to |you |because |her |mother-in-law |and |others |have |told |her
|that |her |baby |is |jaundiced. |She |is |eating |and |growing |well |and |performing |the |developmental
|milestones |she |should |for |her |age. |On |examination |you |indeed |notice |a |yellow |tone |to |her |skin
|from |head |to |toe. |Her |sclerae |are |white. |To |which |area |should |your |next |questions |be |related?
, A) Diet
B) Family |history |of |liver |diseases
C) Family |history |of |blood |diseases
D) Ethnicity |of |the |child |-CORRECT |ANSWER-A
A |new |mother |is |concerned |that |her |child |occasionally |"turns |blue." |On |further |questioning, |she
|mentions |that |this |is |at |her |hands |and |feet. |She |does |not |remember |the |child's |lips |turning |blue.
|She |is |otherwise |eating |and |growing |well. |What |would |you |do |now?
A) Reassure |her |that |this |is |normal
B) Obtain |an |echocardiogram |to |check |for |structural |heart |disease |and |consult |cardiology
C) Admit |the |child |to |the |hospital |for |further |observation
D) Question |the |validity |of |her |story |-CORRECT |ANSWER-A
You |are |examining |an |unconscious |patient |from |another |region |and |notice |Beau's |lines, |a
|transverse |groove |across |all |of |her |nails, |about |1 |cm |from |the |proximal |nail |fold. |What |would
|you |do |next?
A) Conclude |this |is |caused |by |a |cultural |practice.
B) Conclude |this |finding |is |most |likely |secondary |to |trauma.
C) Look |for |information |from |family |and |records |regarding |any |problems |which |occurred |3
|months |ago.
D) Ask |about |dietary |intake. |-CORRECT |ANSWER-C
Dakota |is |a |14-year-old |boy |who |just |noticed |a |rash |at |his |ankles. |There |is |no |history |of |exposure
|to |ill |people |or |other |agents |in |the |environment. |He |has |a |slight |fever |in |the |office. |The |rash
|consists |of |small, |bright |red |marks. |When |they |are |pressed, |the |red |color |remains. |What |should
|you |do?
A) Prescribe |a |steroid |cream |to |decrease |inflammation.
B) Consider |admitting |the |patient |to |the |hospital.
C) Reassure |the |parents |and |the |patient |that |this |should |resolve |within |a |week.
D) Tell |him |not |to |scratch |them, |and |follow |up |in |3 |days. |-CORRECT |ANSWER-B
Mrs. |Hill |is |a |28-year-old |African-American |with |a |history |of |SLE |(systemic |lupus |erythematosus).
|She |has |noticed |a |raised, |dark |red |rash |on |her |legs. |When |you |press |on |the |rash, |it |doesn't
|blanch. |What |would |you |tell |her |regarding |her |rash?
A) It |is |likely |to |be |related |to |her |lupus.
B) It |is |likely |to |be |related |to |an |exposure |to |a |chemical.
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS -PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY &
CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING COVERING THE MOST TESTED
QUESTIONS GRADED A+
A |35-year-old |archaeologist |comes |to |your |office |(located |in |Phoenix, |Arizona) |for |a |regular |skin
|check-up. |She |has |just |returned |from |her |annual |dig |site |in |Greece. |She |has |fair |skin |and
|reddish- |blonde |hair. |She |has |a |family |history |of |melanoma. |She |has |many |freckles |scattered
|across |her |skin.
From |this |description, |which |of |the |following |is |not |a |risk |factor |for |melanoma
in |this |patient?
|
A) Age
B) Hair |color
C) Actinic |lentigines
D) Heavy |sun |exposure |-CORRECT |ANSWER-A
You |are |speaking |to |an |8th |grade |class |about |health |prevention |and |are |preparing |to |discuss |the
|ABCDEs |of |melanoma. |Which |of |the |following |descriptions |correctly |defines |the |ABCDEs?
A) A |= |actinic; |B |= |basal |cell; |C |= |color |changes, |especially |blue; |D |= |diameter |>6 |mm; |E |=evolution
B) A |= |asymmetry; |B |= |irregular |borders; |C |= |color |changes, |especially |blue; |D |= |diameter |>6 |mm;
|E |= |evolution
C) A |= |actinic; |B |= |irregular |borders; |C |= |keratoses; |D |= |dystrophic |nails; |E |= |evolution
D) A |= |asymmetry; |B |= |regular |borders; |C |= |color |changes, |especially |orange; |D |= |diameter |>6 |mm;
|E
= |evolution |-CORRECT |ANSWER-B
,You |are |beginning |the |examination |of |the |skin |on |a |25-year-old |teacher. |You |have |previously
|elicited |that |she |came |to |the |office |for |evaluation |of |fatigue, |weight |gain, |and |hair |loss. |You
|strongly |suspect |that |she |has |hypothyroidism. |What |is |the |expected |moisture |and |texture |of |the
|skin |of |a |patient |with |hypothyroidism?
A) Moist |and |smooth
B) Moist |and |rough
C) Dry |and |smooth
D) Dry |and |rough |-CORRECT |ANSWER-D
A |28-year-old |patient |comes |to |the |office |for |evaluation |of |a |rash. |At |first |there |was |only |one
|large |patch, |but |then |more |lesions |erupted |suddenly |on |the |back |and |torso; |the |lesions |itch. |On
|physical |examination, |you |note |that |the |pattern |of |eruption |is |like |a |Christmas |tree |and |that
|there |are |a |variety |of |erythematous |papules |and |macules |on |the |cleavage |lines |of |the |back.
|Based |on |this |description, |what |is |the |most |likely |diagnosis?
A) Pityriasis |rosea
B) Tinea |versicolor
C) Psoriasis
D) Atopic |eczema |-CORRECT |ANSWER-A
A |19-year-old |construction |worker |presents |for |evaluation |of |a |rash. |He |notes |that |it |started |on
|his |back |with |a |multitude |of |spots |and |is |also |on |his |arms, |chest, |and |neck. |It |itches |a |lot. |He |does
|sweat |more |than |before |because |being |outdoors |is |part |of |his |job. |On |physical |examination, |you
|note |dark |tan |patches |with |a |reddish |cast |that |has |sharp |borders |and |fine |scales, |scattered |more
|prominently |around |the |upper |back, |chest, |neck, |and |upper |arms |as |well |as |under |the |arms.
|Based |on |this |description, |what |is |your |most |likely |diagnosis?
A) Pityriasis |rosea
B) Tinea |versicolor
C) Psoriasis
D) Atopic |eczema |-CORRECT |ANSWER-B
A |68-year-old |retired |farmer |comes |to |your |office |for |evaluation |of |a |skin |lesion. |On |the |right
|temporal |area |of |the |forehead, |you |see |a |flattened |papule |the |same |color |as |his |skin, |covered |by
|a |dry |scale |that |is |round |and |feels |hard. |He |has |several |more |of |these |scattered |on |the |forehead,
|arms, |and |legs. |Based |on |this |description, |what |is |your |most |likely |diagnosis?
A) Actinic |keratosis
B) Seborrheic |keratosis
,C) Basal |cell |carcinoma
D) Squamous |cell |carcinoma |-CORRECT |ANSWER-A
A |58-year-old |gardener |comes |to |your |office |for |evaluation |of |a |new |lesion |on |her |upper |chest.
|The |lesion |appears |to |be |"stuck |on" |and |is |oval, |brown, |and |slightly |elevated |with |a |flat |surface.
|It |has |a |rough, |wartlike |texture |on |palpation. |Based |on |this |description, |what |is |your |most |likely
|diagnosis?
A) Actinic |keratosis
B) Seborrheic |keratosis
C) Basal |cell |carcinoma
D) Squamous |cell |carcinoma |-CORRECT |ANSWER-B
A |72-year-old |teacher |comes |to |a |skilled |nursing |facility |for |rehabilitation |after |being |in |the
|hospital |for |6 |weeks. |She |was |treated |for |sepsis |and |respiratory |failure |and |had |to |be |on |the
|ventilator |for |3 |weeks. |You |are |completing |your |initial |assessment |and |are |evaluating |her |skin
|condition. |On |her |sacrum |there |is |full-thickness |skin |loss |that |is |5 |cm |in |diameter, |with |damage
|to |the |subcutaneous |tissue. |The |underlying |muscle |is |not |affected. |You |diagnose |this |as |a
|pressure |ulcer. |What |is |the |stage |of |this |ulcer?
A) Stage |1
B) Stage |2
C) Stage |3
D) Stage |4 |-CORRECT |ANSWER-C
An |8-year-old |girl |comes |with |her |mother |for |evaluation |of |hair |loss. |She |denies |pulling |or
|twisting |her |hair, |and |her |mother |has |not |noted |this |behavior |at |all. |She |does |not |put |her |hair |in
|braids. |On |physical |examination, |you |note |a |clearly |demarcated, |round |patch |of |hair |loss |without
|visible |scaling |or |inflammation. |There |are |no |hair |shafts |visible. |Based |on |this |description, |what
is |your |most |likely |diagnosis?
A) Alopecia |areata
B) Trichotillomania
C) Tinea |capitis
D) Traction |alopecia |-CORRECT |ANSWER-A
A |mother |brings |her |11 |month |old |to |you |because |her |mother-in-law |and |others |have |told |her
|that |her |baby |is |jaundiced. |She |is |eating |and |growing |well |and |performing |the |developmental
|milestones |she |should |for |her |age. |On |examination |you |indeed |notice |a |yellow |tone |to |her |skin
|from |head |to |toe. |Her |sclerae |are |white. |To |which |area |should |your |next |questions |be |related?
, A) Diet
B) Family |history |of |liver |diseases
C) Family |history |of |blood |diseases
D) Ethnicity |of |the |child |-CORRECT |ANSWER-A
A |new |mother |is |concerned |that |her |child |occasionally |"turns |blue." |On |further |questioning, |she
|mentions |that |this |is |at |her |hands |and |feet. |She |does |not |remember |the |child's |lips |turning |blue.
|She |is |otherwise |eating |and |growing |well. |What |would |you |do |now?
A) Reassure |her |that |this |is |normal
B) Obtain |an |echocardiogram |to |check |for |structural |heart |disease |and |consult |cardiology
C) Admit |the |child |to |the |hospital |for |further |observation
D) Question |the |validity |of |her |story |-CORRECT |ANSWER-A
You |are |examining |an |unconscious |patient |from |another |region |and |notice |Beau's |lines, |a
|transverse |groove |across |all |of |her |nails, |about |1 |cm |from |the |proximal |nail |fold. |What |would
|you |do |next?
A) Conclude |this |is |caused |by |a |cultural |practice.
B) Conclude |this |finding |is |most |likely |secondary |to |trauma.
C) Look |for |information |from |family |and |records |regarding |any |problems |which |occurred |3
|months |ago.
D) Ask |about |dietary |intake. |-CORRECT |ANSWER-C
Dakota |is |a |14-year-old |boy |who |just |noticed |a |rash |at |his |ankles. |There |is |no |history |of |exposure
|to |ill |people |or |other |agents |in |the |environment. |He |has |a |slight |fever |in |the |office. |The |rash
|consists |of |small, |bright |red |marks. |When |they |are |pressed, |the |red |color |remains. |What |should
|you |do?
A) Prescribe |a |steroid |cream |to |decrease |inflammation.
B) Consider |admitting |the |patient |to |the |hospital.
C) Reassure |the |parents |and |the |patient |that |this |should |resolve |within |a |week.
D) Tell |him |not |to |scratch |them, |and |follow |up |in |3 |days. |-CORRECT |ANSWER-B
Mrs. |Hill |is |a |28-year-old |African-American |with |a |history |of |SLE |(systemic |lupus |erythematosus).
|She |has |noticed |a |raised, |dark |red |rash |on |her |legs. |When |you |press |on |the |rash, |it |doesn't
|blanch. |What |would |you |tell |her |regarding |her |rash?
A) It |is |likely |to |be |related |to |her |lupus.
B) It |is |likely |to |be |related |to |an |exposure |to |a |chemical.
