Table of Contents
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Chapter 01: Overview of Professional Nursing Concepts for Medical-Surgical Nursing
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@Chapter 02: Overview of Health Concepts for Medical-Surgical Nursing
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,Chapter 03: Common Health Problems of Older Adults
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Chapter 04: Assessment and Care of Patients with Pain
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@Chapter 05: Genetic Concepts for Medical-Surgical Nursing
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Chapter 06: Rehabilitation Concepts for Chronic and Disabling Health Problems
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@Chapter 07: End-of-Life Care
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Chapter 08: Concepts of Emergency and Trauma Nursing
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Chapter 09: Care of Patients with Common Environmental Emergencies Chapter
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10: Concepts of Emergency and Disaster Preparedness
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Chapter 11: Assessment and Care of Patients with Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances Chapte
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r 12: Assessment and Care of Patients with Acid-Base Imbalances
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Chapter 13: Infusion Therapy
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Chapter 14: Care of Preoperative Patients
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Chapter 15: Care of Intraoperative Patients
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Chapter 16: Care of Postoperative Patients
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@Chapter 17: Inflammation and Immunity
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Chapter 18: Care of Patients with Arthritis and Other Connective Tissue Diseases
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@Chapter 19: Care of Patients with HIV Disease
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Chapter 20: Care of Patients with Hypersensitivity (Allergy) and Autoimmunity Chapter
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21: Cancer Development
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Chapter 22: Care of Patients with Cancer
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@Chapter 23: Care of Patients with Infection
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Chapter 24: Assessment of the Skin, Hair, and Nails
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@Chapter 25: Care of Patients with Skin Problems
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Chapter 26: Care of Patients with Burns
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Chapter 27: Assessment of the Respiratory System
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Chapter 28: Care of Patients Requiring Oxygen Therapy or Tracheostomy
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Chapter 29: Care of Patients with Noninfectious Upper Respiratory Problems
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Chapter 30: Care of Patients with Noninfectious Lower Respiratory Problems Chapter
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31: Care of Patients with Infectious Respiratory Problems
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Chapter 32: Care of Critically Ill Patients with Respiratory Problems Chapte
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r 33: Assessment of the Cardiovascular System
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Chapter 34: Care of Patients with Dysrhythmias
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@Chapter 35: Care of Patients with Cardiac Problems Chapter
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@36: Care of Patients with Vascular Problems
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Chapter 37: Care of Patients with Shock
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Chapter 38: Care of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes
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Chapter 39: Assessment of the Hematologic System
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Chapter 40: Care of Patients with Hematologic Problems
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Chapter 41: Assessment of the Nervous System
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Chapter 42: Care of Patients with Problems of the CNS: The Brain
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Chapter 43: Care of Patients with Problems of the CNS: The Spinal Cord
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Chapter 44: Care of Patients with Problems of the Peripheral Nervous System Chapter
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@45: Care of Critically Ill Patients with Neurologic Problems
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Chapter 46: Assessment of the Eye and Vision
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Chapter 47: Care of Patients with Eye and Vision Problems
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Chapter 48: Assessment and Care of Patients with Ear and Hearing Problems Chapter
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@49: Assessment of the Musculoskeletal System
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Chapter 50: Care of Patients with Musculoskeletal Problems
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Chapter 51: Care of Patients with Musculoskeletal Trauma
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Chapter 52: Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System
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Chapter 53: Care of Patients with Oral Cavity Problems
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Chapter 54: Care of Patients with Esophageal Problems
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Chapter 55: Care of Patients with Stomach Disorders
@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 56: Care of Patients with Noninflammatory Intestinal Disorders
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Chapter 57: Care of Patients with Inflammatory Intestinal Disorders
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,@Chapter 58: Care of Patients with Liver Problems
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Chapter 59: Care of Patients with Problems of the Biliary System and Pancreas Chapter
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60: Care of Patients with Malnutrition: Undernutrition and Obesity Chapter
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@61: Assessment of the Endocrine System
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Chapter 62: Care of Patients with Pituitary and Adrenal Gland Problems
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Chapter 63: Care of Patients with Problems of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands Chapter
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64: Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
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Chapter 65: Assessment of the Renal/Urinary System
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@Chapter 66: Care of Patients with Urinary Problems Chapter
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67: Care of Patients with Kidney Disorders
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Chapter 68: Care of Patients with Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease Chapter
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@69: Assessment of the Reproductive System
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Chapter 70: Care of Patients with Breast Disorders
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@Chapter 71: Care of Patients with Gynecologic Problems
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Chapter 72: Care of Patients with Male Reproductive Problems
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@Chapter 73: Care of Transgender Patients
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Chapter 74: Care of Patients with Sexually Transmitted Diseases
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Chapter 01: Overview of Professional Nursing Concepts for Medical-
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Surgical Nursing
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MULTIPLE CHOICE t @
1. A nurse wishes to provide client-
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centered care in all interactions. Which action by the nurse best demonstrates this concept?
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a. Assesses for cultural influences affecting health care
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b. Ensures that all the clients basic needs are met
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c. Tells the client and family about all upcoming tests
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d. Thoroughly orients the client and family to the roomt@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
ANS: A t@
Rationale:Competency in client- t@ t@
focused care is demonstrated when the nurse focuses on communication, culture, respect compassion, cli
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
ent education, and empowerment. By assessing the effect of the clients culture on health care, this nurse
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
is practicing client-focused care. Providing for basic needs does not demonstrate this competence.
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Simply telling the client about all upcoming tests is not providing empowering education. Orienting the client
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
t @and family to the room is an important safety measure, but not directly related to demonstrating client-
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
centered care. t@
2. A nurse is caring for a postoperative client on the surgical unit. The clients blood pressure was 142
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
/76 mm Hg 30 minutes ago, and now is 88/50 mm Hg. What action by the nurse is best?
t@ t@ t@ t@ t @ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
a. Call the Rapid Response Team.
t@ t@ t@ t@
b. Document and continue to monitor. t@ t@ t@ t@
c. Notify the primary care provider.
t@ t@ t@ t@
d. Repeat blood pressure measurement in 15 minutes.
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ANS: A t@
Rationale:The purpose of the Rapid Response Team (RRT) is to intervene when clients are deteriorating
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@before they suffer either respiratory or cardiac arrest. Since the client has manifested a significant cha
t@ t @ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
nge, the nurse should call the RRT. Changes in blood pressure, mental status, heart rate, and pain are p
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
articularly significant. t@
Documentation is vital, but the nurse must do more than document. The primary care provider shou
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
ld be notified, but this is not the priority over calling the RRT. The clients blood pressure should b
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
e reassessed frequently, but the priority is getting the rapid care to the client.
t@ t@ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @
3. A nurse is orienting a new client and family to the inpatient unit. What information does the nurse p
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
rovide to help the client promote his or her own safety?
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t @ t@ t@ t@ t@
a. Encourage the client and family to be active partners.
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, b. Have the client monitor hand hygiene in caregivers.
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c. Offer the family the opportunity to stay with the client.
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d. Tell the client to always wear his or her armband.
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
ANS: A t@
Rationale:Each action could be important for the client or family to perform. However, encoura
t @ t @ t @ t@ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @
ging the client to be active in his or her health care as a partner is the most critical. The other action
t @ t @ t @ t @ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
s are very limited in scope and do not provide the broad protection that being active and involve
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ X& t@ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t@
d does.
t @
DIF: Understanding/Comprehension REF: 3
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KEY: Patient safety
t@ t@
t@ t@ X&
Chapter 01: Overview of Professional Nursing Concepts for Medical-Surgical Nursing
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@Chapter 02: Overview of Health Concepts for Medical-Surgical Nursing
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
,Chapter 03: Common Health Problems of Older Adults
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 04: Assessment and Care of Patients with Pain
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@Chapter 05: Genetic Concepts for Medical-Surgical Nursing
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 06: Rehabilitation Concepts for Chronic and Disabling Health Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@Chapter 07: End-of-Life Care
t@ t@ t@
Chapter 08: Concepts of Emergency and Trauma Nursing
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 09: Care of Patients with Common Environmental Emergencies Chapter
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10: Concepts of Emergency and Disaster Preparedness
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 11: Assessment and Care of Patients with Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances Chapte
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
r 12: Assessment and Care of Patients with Acid-Base Imbalances
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 13: Infusion Therapy
t@ t@ t@
Chapter 14: Care of Preoperative Patients
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 15: Care of Intraoperative Patients
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 16: Care of Postoperative Patients
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@Chapter 17: Inflammation and Immunity
t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 18: Care of Patients with Arthritis and Other Connective Tissue Diseases
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@Chapter 19: Care of Patients with HIV Disease
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Chapter 20: Care of Patients with Hypersensitivity (Allergy) and Autoimmunity Chapter
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21: Cancer Development
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Chapter 22: Care of Patients with Cancer
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@Chapter 23: Care of Patients with Infection
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Chapter 24: Assessment of the Skin, Hair, and Nails
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@Chapter 25: Care of Patients with Skin Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 26: Care of Patients with Burns
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 27: Assessment of the Respiratory System
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 28: Care of Patients Requiring Oxygen Therapy or Tracheostomy
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 29: Care of Patients with Noninfectious Upper Respiratory Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 30: Care of Patients with Noninfectious Lower Respiratory Problems Chapter
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
31: Care of Patients with Infectious Respiratory Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 32: Care of Critically Ill Patients with Respiratory Problems Chapte
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
r 33: Assessment of the Cardiovascular System
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 34: Care of Patients with Dysrhythmias
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@Chapter 35: Care of Patients with Cardiac Problems Chapter
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@36: Care of Patients with Vascular Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 37: Care of Patients with Shock
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 38: Care of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 39: Assessment of the Hematologic System
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 40: Care of Patients with Hematologic Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 41: Assessment of the Nervous System
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 42: Care of Patients with Problems of the CNS: The Brain
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 43: Care of Patients with Problems of the CNS: The Spinal Cord
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 44: Care of Patients with Problems of the Peripheral Nervous System Chapter
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@45: Care of Critically Ill Patients with Neurologic Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 46: Assessment of the Eye and Vision
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 47: Care of Patients with Eye and Vision Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 48: Assessment and Care of Patients with Ear and Hearing Problems Chapter
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@49: Assessment of the Musculoskeletal System
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 50: Care of Patients with Musculoskeletal Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 51: Care of Patients with Musculoskeletal Trauma
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 52: Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 53: Care of Patients with Oral Cavity Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 54: Care of Patients with Esophageal Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
Chapter 55: Care of Patients with Stomach Disorders
@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 56: Care of Patients with Noninflammatory Intestinal Disorders
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
Chapter 57: Care of Patients with Inflammatory Intestinal Disorders
@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
,@Chapter 58: Care of Patients with Liver Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 59: Care of Patients with Problems of the Biliary System and Pancreas Chapter
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
60: Care of Patients with Malnutrition: Undernutrition and Obesity Chapter
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@61: Assessment of the Endocrine System
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 62: Care of Patients with Pituitary and Adrenal Gland Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 63: Care of Patients with Problems of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands Chapter
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
64: Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 65: Assessment of the Renal/Urinary System
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@Chapter 66: Care of Patients with Urinary Problems Chapter
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
67: Care of Patients with Kidney Disorders
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 68: Care of Patients with Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease Chapter
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@69: Assessment of the Reproductive System
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 70: Care of Patients with Breast Disorders
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@Chapter 71: Care of Patients with Gynecologic Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 72: Care of Patients with Male Reproductive Problems
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@Chapter 73: Care of Transgender Patients
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 74: Care of Patients with Sexually Transmitted Diseases
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Chapter 01: Overview of Professional Nursing Concepts for Medical-
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Surgical Nursing
t @ t@
MULTIPLE CHOICE t @
1. A nurse wishes to provide client-
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
centered care in all interactions. Which action by the nurse best demonstrates this concept?
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
a. Assesses for cultural influences affecting health care
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
b. Ensures that all the clients basic needs are met
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
c. Tells the client and family about all upcoming tests
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
d. Thoroughly orients the client and family to the roomt@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
ANS: A t@
Rationale:Competency in client- t@ t@
focused care is demonstrated when the nurse focuses on communication, culture, respect compassion, cli
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
ent education, and empowerment. By assessing the effect of the clients culture on health care, this nurse
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
is practicing client-focused care. Providing for basic needs does not demonstrate this competence.
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
Simply telling the client about all upcoming tests is not providing empowering education. Orienting the client
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
t @and family to the room is an important safety measure, but not directly related to demonstrating client-
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
centered care. t@
2. A nurse is caring for a postoperative client on the surgical unit. The clients blood pressure was 142
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
/76 mm Hg 30 minutes ago, and now is 88/50 mm Hg. What action by the nurse is best?
t@ t@ t@ t@ t @ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
a. Call the Rapid Response Team.
t@ t@ t@ t@
b. Document and continue to monitor. t@ t@ t@ t@
c. Notify the primary care provider.
t@ t@ t@ t@
d. Repeat blood pressure measurement in 15 minutes.
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
ANS: A t@
Rationale:The purpose of the Rapid Response Team (RRT) is to intervene when clients are deteriorating
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t
@before they suffer either respiratory or cardiac arrest. Since the client has manifested a significant cha
t@ t @ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
nge, the nurse should call the RRT. Changes in blood pressure, mental status, heart rate, and pain are p
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
articularly significant. t@
Documentation is vital, but the nurse must do more than document. The primary care provider shou
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
ld be notified, but this is not the priority over calling the RRT. The clients blood pressure should b
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
e reassessed frequently, but the priority is getting the rapid care to the client.
t@ t@ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @
3. A nurse is orienting a new client and family to the inpatient unit. What information does the nurse p
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
rovide to help the client promote his or her own safety?
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t @ t@ t@ t@ t@
a. Encourage the client and family to be active partners.
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
, b. Have the client monitor hand hygiene in caregivers.
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
c. Offer the family the opportunity to stay with the client.
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
d. Tell the client to always wear his or her armband.
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
ANS: A t@
Rationale:Each action could be important for the client or family to perform. However, encoura
t @ t @ t @ t@ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @
ging the client to be active in his or her health care as a partner is the most critical. The other action
t @ t @ t @ t @ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@
s are very limited in scope and do not provide the broad protection that being active and involve
t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ t@ X& t@ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t @ t@
d does.
t @
DIF: Understanding/Comprehension REF: 3
t@ t@ t@ t@
KEY: Patient safety
t@ t@