,Chapterv701:v7Introductionv7tov7Preliminaryv7Diagnosisv7ofv7Oralv7Lesionsv
7Ibsen:v7Oralv7Pathologyv7forv7thev7Dentalv7Hygienist,v77thv7Edition
MULTIPLEv7CHOICE
1. Whichv7descriptivev7termv7isv7describedv7asv7av7segmentv7thatv7isv7partv7ofv7thev7whole?
a. Bulla
b. Vesicle
c. Lobule
d. Pustule
ANS:v 7 C
Av7lobulev7isv7describedv7asv7av7segmentv7orv7lobev7thatv7isv7partv7ofv7av7whole.v7Av7bullav7isv7av7la
rge,v7elevatedv7lesionv7thatv7containsv7serousv7fluidv7andv7mayv7lookv7likev7av7blister.v7Av7vesicle
v7isv7av7small,v7elevatedv7lesionv7thatv7containsv7serousv7fluid.v7Pustulesv7arev7circumscribedv7el
evationsv7containingv7pus.
REF:v 7 Vocabulary,v7Clinicalv7ofv7Softv7Tissuev7Lesions,v7pagev71 OBJ:v 7 1
2. Av7lesionv7withv7av7sessilev7basev7isv7describedv7as
a. anv7ulcer.
b. stemlike.
c. pedunculated.
d. flatv7andv7broad.
ANS:v 7 D
Sessilev7describesv7thev7basev7ofv7av7lesionv7thatv7isv7flatv7andv7broad.v7Anv7ulcerv7isv7av7breakv7in
v7thev7surfacev7epithelium.v7Av7stemlikev7lesionv7isv7referredv7tov7asv7pedunculated.v7Av7peduncul
atedv7lesionv7isv7stemlikev7orv7stalk-basedv7(similarv7tov7av7mushroom).
REF:v7Vocabulary,v7Clinicalv7Appearancev7ofv7Softv7Tissuev7Lesions,v7pa
gev71v7OBJ:v71
3. Whichv7conditionv7isv7notv7diagnosedv7throughv7clinicalv7appearance?
a. Mandibularv7tori
b. Fordycev7granules
c. Blackv7hairyv7tongue
d. Compoundv7odontoma
ANS:v 7 D
Thev7compoundv7odontomav7isv7initiallyv7identifiedv7radiographicallyv7asv7av7radiopaquev7areav7i
nv7whichv7toothv7structurev7canv7bev7identified.v7Nov7clinicalv7componentv7exists.v7Mandibularv7
toriv7arev7identifiedv7clinicallyv7asv7areasv7ofv7exostosisv7onv7thev7lingualv7aspectsv7ofv7mandibul
arv7premolars.v7Fordycev7granulesv7arev7yellowv7clustersv7ofv7ectopicv7sebaceousv7glandsv7diag
nosedv7throughv7clinicalv7appearance.v7Blackv7hairyv7tonguev7isv7diagnosedv7clinically.v7Thev7fi
liformv7papillaev7onv7thev7dorsalv7tonguev7elongatev7andv7becomev7brownv7orv7black.v7Causesv7i
ncludev7tobacco,v7alcohol,v7hydrogenv7peroxide,v7chemicalv7rinses,v7antibiotics,v7andv7antacids.
REF:v 7 Radiographicv7Diagnosis,v7pagev79 OBJ:v 7 3
4. Anotherv7namev7forv7geographicv7tonguev7is
, a. medianv7rhomboidv7glossitis.
b. benignv7migratoryv7glossitis.
c. fissuredv7tongue.
d. blackv7hairyv7tongue.
ANS:v 7 B
Benignv7migratoryv7glossitisv7isv7anotherv7namev7forv7geographicv7tongue.v7Researchv7suggestsv
7thatv7medianv7rhomboidv7glossitisv7isv7associatedv7withv7av7chronicv7fungalv7infectionv7fromv7C
andidav7albicans.v7Sometimesv7thev7conditionv7resolvesv7withv7antifungalv7therapy.v7Fissuredv7t
onguev7isv7seenv7inv75%v7ofv7thev7population.v7Itv7isv7av7variantv7ofv7normal.v7Geneticv7factorsv7a
rev7typicallyv7associatedv7withv7thev7condition.v7Blackv7hairyv7tonguev7isv7causedv7byv7av7reactio
nv7tov7chemicals,v7tobacco,v7hydrogenv7peroxide,v7orv7antacids.v7Thev7filiformv7papillaev7onv7th
ev7dorsalv7tonguev7becomev7elongatedv7andv7arev7darkv7brownv7tov7black.
REF:v 7 Geographicv7Tongue,v7pagev724 OBJ:v 7 7
5. Thisv7bonyv7hardv7structurev7inv7thev7midlinev7ofv7thev7hardv7palatev7isv7geneticv7inv7originv7and
v7inheritedv7inv7anv7autosomalv7dominantv7manner.v7Thev7diagnosisv7isv7madev7throughv7clinic
alv7appearance.v7Whichv7conditionv7isv7suspected?
a. Palatalv7cyst
b. Torusv7palatinus
c. Mixedv7tumor
d. Ranula
ANS:v 7 B
Av7torusv7palatinusv7isv7developmentalv7andv7bonyv7hardv7andv7isv7foundv7onv7thev7midlinev7ofv7t
hev7palate.v7Diagnosisv7isv7madev7onv7thev7basisv7ofv7clinicalv7appearance.v7Av7palatalv7cystv7app
earsv7radiolucentv7onv7av7radiographicv7examinationv7andv7isv7notv7diagnosedv7throughv7clinicalv
7appearance.v7Av7mixedv7tumorv7orv7pleomorphicv7adenomav7isv7av7benignv7tumorv7ofv7salivaryv
7glandv7origin,v7foundv7unilaterallyv7offv7thev7midlinev7ofv7thev7hardv7palate.v7 Itv7isv7composedv7
ofv7tumorv7tissuev7thatv7isv7notv7bonyv7hardv7tov7palpation.
Ranulav7isv7av7termv7usedv7forv7av7mucocele-
likev7lesionv7thatv7formsv7unilaterallyv7onv7thev7floorv7ofv7thev7mouth.
REF:v 7 Torusv7Palatinus,v7pagev721 OBJ:v 7 4
6. Thev7gray-
whitev7opalescentv7filmv7seenv7onv7thev7buccalv7mucosav7ofv785%v7ofv7blackv7adultsv7isv7av7varia
ntv7ofv7normalv7thatv7requiresv7nov7treatmentv7andv7isv7termed
a. lineav7alba.
b. leukoedema.
c. leukoplakia.
d. whitev7spongev7nevus.
ANS:v 7 B
Leukoedemav7isv7av7diffusev7opalescencev7mostv7commonlyv7seenv7onv7thev7buccalv7mucosav7inv
7blackv7individuals.v7Lineav7albav7isv7av7―whitev7line‖v7thatv7extendsv7anteroposteriorlyv7onv7thev
7buccalv7mucosav7alongv7thev7occlusalv7plane.v7Itv7isv7mostv7prominentv7inv7patientsv7whov7havev
7av7clenchingv7orv7grindingv7habit.v7Leukoplakiav7isv7av7clinicalv7termv7forv7av7whitev7lesion,v7thev
7causev7ofv7whichv7isv7unknown.v7Whitev7spongev7nevusv7isv7av7geneticv7(autosomalv7dominant)v
7trait.v7Clinically,v7itv7isv7characterizedv7byv7av7softv7white,v7foldedv7(orv7corrugated)v7oralv7muc
osa.v7Av7thickv7layerv7ofv7keratinv7producesv7thev7whitening.
REF:v 7 Leukoedema,v7pagev723 OBJ:v 7 8
, 7. Whichv7conditionv7mostv7likelyv7respondsv7tov7therapeuticv7diagnosis?
a. Angularv7cheilitis
b. Amelogenesisv7imperfecta
c. Pagetv7disease
d. Stafnev7bonev7cyst
ANS:v 7 A
Angularv7cheilitisv7mostv7commonlyv7respondsv7tov7antifungalv7therapyv7oncev7nutritionalv7defi
cienciesv7havev7beenv7ruledv7out.v7Amelogenesisv7imperfectav7isv7av7geneticv7conditionv7associat
edv7withv7abnormalv7developmentv7ofv7thev7enamel.v7Pagetv7diseasev7isv7av7chronicv7metabolicv7
bonev7disease.v7Av7highlyv7elevatedv7serumv7alkalinev7phosphatasev7levelv7contributesv7signific
antlyv7tov7thev7diagnosis.v7Av7Stafnev7bonev7cystv7isv7determinedv7throughv7surgicalv7diagnosisv7
inv7whichv7entrappedv7salivaryv7glandv7tissuev7isv7identified.
REF:v 7 Therapeuticv7Diagnosis,v7pagev718 OBJ:v 7 3
8. Thev7gingivalv7enlargementv7inv7thisv7patientv7wasv7causedv7byv7av7calciumv7channelv
7blocker.v7Whichv7medicationv7isv7thev7likelyv7cause?
a. Dilantin
b. Nifedipine
c. Quinidine
d. Clozapine
ANS:v 7 B
Nifedipinev7isv7av7calciumv7channelv7blocker.v7Dilantinv7isv7anv7anticonvulsantv7usedv7tov7preven
tv7orv7controlv7seizures.v7Quinidinev7isv7anv7antiarrhythmicv7agentv7usedv7tov7treatv7cardiacv7arrh
ythmias.v7Clozapinev7isv7anv7antipsychoticv7usedv7inv7thev7managementv7ofv7psychoticv7sympto
msv7inv7schizophrenia.
REF:v 7 Historicalv7Diagnosis,v7Fig.v71.38,v7pagev717 OBJ:v 7 3
9. Radiographicv7features,v7includingv7cotton-
woolv7radiopacitiesv7andv7hypercementosis,v7arev7especiallyv7helpfulv7inv7thev7diagnos
isv7of
a. Pagetv7disease.
b. dentinogenesisv7imperfecta.
c. anemia.
d. diabetes.
ANS:v 7 A
Pagetv7diseasev7isv7av7chronicv7metabolicv7bonev7disease.v7Radiographically,v7cotton-
woolv7radiopacitiesv7andv7hypercementosisv7arev7characteristicv7features.v7Dentinogenesisv7impe
rfectav7isv7av7geneticv7conditionv7involvingv7av7defectv7inv7thev7developmentv7ofv7dentin.v7Anemia
,v7av7decreasev7inv7redv7bloodv7cells,v7requiresv7bloodv7testsv7tov7determinev7thev7etiologicv7factors
.v7Diabetesv7isv7av7chronicv7disorderv7ofv7carbohydratev7metabolismv7characterizedv7byv7abnorma
llyv7highv7bloodv7glucosev7levels.
REF:v 7 Laboratoryv7Diagnosis,v7Fig.v71.40,v7pagesv716,v718 OBJ:v 7 3
10. Inv7internalv7resorption,v7thev7radiolucencyv7seenv7onv7radiographicv7examinationv7isv7usually
a. wellv7circumscribed.
b. diffuse.
7Ibsen:v7Oralv7Pathologyv7forv7thev7Dentalv7Hygienist,v77thv7Edition
MULTIPLEv7CHOICE
1. Whichv7descriptivev7termv7isv7describedv7asv7av7segmentv7thatv7isv7partv7ofv7thev7whole?
a. Bulla
b. Vesicle
c. Lobule
d. Pustule
ANS:v 7 C
Av7lobulev7isv7describedv7asv7av7segmentv7orv7lobev7thatv7isv7partv7ofv7av7whole.v7Av7bullav7isv7av7la
rge,v7elevatedv7lesionv7thatv7containsv7serousv7fluidv7andv7mayv7lookv7likev7av7blister.v7Av7vesicle
v7isv7av7small,v7elevatedv7lesionv7thatv7containsv7serousv7fluid.v7Pustulesv7arev7circumscribedv7el
evationsv7containingv7pus.
REF:v 7 Vocabulary,v7Clinicalv7ofv7Softv7Tissuev7Lesions,v7pagev71 OBJ:v 7 1
2. Av7lesionv7withv7av7sessilev7basev7isv7describedv7as
a. anv7ulcer.
b. stemlike.
c. pedunculated.
d. flatv7andv7broad.
ANS:v 7 D
Sessilev7describesv7thev7basev7ofv7av7lesionv7thatv7isv7flatv7andv7broad.v7Anv7ulcerv7isv7av7breakv7in
v7thev7surfacev7epithelium.v7Av7stemlikev7lesionv7isv7referredv7tov7asv7pedunculated.v7Av7peduncul
atedv7lesionv7isv7stemlikev7orv7stalk-basedv7(similarv7tov7av7mushroom).
REF:v7Vocabulary,v7Clinicalv7Appearancev7ofv7Softv7Tissuev7Lesions,v7pa
gev71v7OBJ:v71
3. Whichv7conditionv7isv7notv7diagnosedv7throughv7clinicalv7appearance?
a. Mandibularv7tori
b. Fordycev7granules
c. Blackv7hairyv7tongue
d. Compoundv7odontoma
ANS:v 7 D
Thev7compoundv7odontomav7isv7initiallyv7identifiedv7radiographicallyv7asv7av7radiopaquev7areav7i
nv7whichv7toothv7structurev7canv7bev7identified.v7Nov7clinicalv7componentv7exists.v7Mandibularv7
toriv7arev7identifiedv7clinicallyv7asv7areasv7ofv7exostosisv7onv7thev7lingualv7aspectsv7ofv7mandibul
arv7premolars.v7Fordycev7granulesv7arev7yellowv7clustersv7ofv7ectopicv7sebaceousv7glandsv7diag
nosedv7throughv7clinicalv7appearance.v7Blackv7hairyv7tonguev7isv7diagnosedv7clinically.v7Thev7fi
liformv7papillaev7onv7thev7dorsalv7tonguev7elongatev7andv7becomev7brownv7orv7black.v7Causesv7i
ncludev7tobacco,v7alcohol,v7hydrogenv7peroxide,v7chemicalv7rinses,v7antibiotics,v7andv7antacids.
REF:v 7 Radiographicv7Diagnosis,v7pagev79 OBJ:v 7 3
4. Anotherv7namev7forv7geographicv7tonguev7is
, a. medianv7rhomboidv7glossitis.
b. benignv7migratoryv7glossitis.
c. fissuredv7tongue.
d. blackv7hairyv7tongue.
ANS:v 7 B
Benignv7migratoryv7glossitisv7isv7anotherv7namev7forv7geographicv7tongue.v7Researchv7suggestsv
7thatv7medianv7rhomboidv7glossitisv7isv7associatedv7withv7av7chronicv7fungalv7infectionv7fromv7C
andidav7albicans.v7Sometimesv7thev7conditionv7resolvesv7withv7antifungalv7therapy.v7Fissuredv7t
onguev7isv7seenv7inv75%v7ofv7thev7population.v7Itv7isv7av7variantv7ofv7normal.v7Geneticv7factorsv7a
rev7typicallyv7associatedv7withv7thev7condition.v7Blackv7hairyv7tonguev7isv7causedv7byv7av7reactio
nv7tov7chemicals,v7tobacco,v7hydrogenv7peroxide,v7orv7antacids.v7Thev7filiformv7papillaev7onv7th
ev7dorsalv7tonguev7becomev7elongatedv7andv7arev7darkv7brownv7tov7black.
REF:v 7 Geographicv7Tongue,v7pagev724 OBJ:v 7 7
5. Thisv7bonyv7hardv7structurev7inv7thev7midlinev7ofv7thev7hardv7palatev7isv7geneticv7inv7originv7and
v7inheritedv7inv7anv7autosomalv7dominantv7manner.v7Thev7diagnosisv7isv7madev7throughv7clinic
alv7appearance.v7Whichv7conditionv7isv7suspected?
a. Palatalv7cyst
b. Torusv7palatinus
c. Mixedv7tumor
d. Ranula
ANS:v 7 B
Av7torusv7palatinusv7isv7developmentalv7andv7bonyv7hardv7andv7isv7foundv7onv7thev7midlinev7ofv7t
hev7palate.v7Diagnosisv7isv7madev7onv7thev7basisv7ofv7clinicalv7appearance.v7Av7palatalv7cystv7app
earsv7radiolucentv7onv7av7radiographicv7examinationv7andv7isv7notv7diagnosedv7throughv7clinicalv
7appearance.v7Av7mixedv7tumorv7orv7pleomorphicv7adenomav7isv7av7benignv7tumorv7ofv7salivaryv
7glandv7origin,v7foundv7unilaterallyv7offv7thev7midlinev7ofv7thev7hardv7palate.v7 Itv7isv7composedv7
ofv7tumorv7tissuev7thatv7isv7notv7bonyv7hardv7tov7palpation.
Ranulav7isv7av7termv7usedv7forv7av7mucocele-
likev7lesionv7thatv7formsv7unilaterallyv7onv7thev7floorv7ofv7thev7mouth.
REF:v 7 Torusv7Palatinus,v7pagev721 OBJ:v 7 4
6. Thev7gray-
whitev7opalescentv7filmv7seenv7onv7thev7buccalv7mucosav7ofv785%v7ofv7blackv7adultsv7isv7av7varia
ntv7ofv7normalv7thatv7requiresv7nov7treatmentv7andv7isv7termed
a. lineav7alba.
b. leukoedema.
c. leukoplakia.
d. whitev7spongev7nevus.
ANS:v 7 B
Leukoedemav7isv7av7diffusev7opalescencev7mostv7commonlyv7seenv7onv7thev7buccalv7mucosav7inv
7blackv7individuals.v7Lineav7albav7isv7av7―whitev7line‖v7thatv7extendsv7anteroposteriorlyv7onv7thev
7buccalv7mucosav7alongv7thev7occlusalv7plane.v7Itv7isv7mostv7prominentv7inv7patientsv7whov7havev
7av7clenchingv7orv7grindingv7habit.v7Leukoplakiav7isv7av7clinicalv7termv7forv7av7whitev7lesion,v7thev
7causev7ofv7whichv7isv7unknown.v7Whitev7spongev7nevusv7isv7av7geneticv7(autosomalv7dominant)v
7trait.v7Clinically,v7itv7isv7characterizedv7byv7av7softv7white,v7foldedv7(orv7corrugated)v7oralv7muc
osa.v7Av7thickv7layerv7ofv7keratinv7producesv7thev7whitening.
REF:v 7 Leukoedema,v7pagev723 OBJ:v 7 8
, 7. Whichv7conditionv7mostv7likelyv7respondsv7tov7therapeuticv7diagnosis?
a. Angularv7cheilitis
b. Amelogenesisv7imperfecta
c. Pagetv7disease
d. Stafnev7bonev7cyst
ANS:v 7 A
Angularv7cheilitisv7mostv7commonlyv7respondsv7tov7antifungalv7therapyv7oncev7nutritionalv7defi
cienciesv7havev7beenv7ruledv7out.v7Amelogenesisv7imperfectav7isv7av7geneticv7conditionv7associat
edv7withv7abnormalv7developmentv7ofv7thev7enamel.v7Pagetv7diseasev7isv7av7chronicv7metabolicv7
bonev7disease.v7Av7highlyv7elevatedv7serumv7alkalinev7phosphatasev7levelv7contributesv7signific
antlyv7tov7thev7diagnosis.v7Av7Stafnev7bonev7cystv7isv7determinedv7throughv7surgicalv7diagnosisv7
inv7whichv7entrappedv7salivaryv7glandv7tissuev7isv7identified.
REF:v 7 Therapeuticv7Diagnosis,v7pagev718 OBJ:v 7 3
8. Thev7gingivalv7enlargementv7inv7thisv7patientv7wasv7causedv7byv7av7calciumv7channelv
7blocker.v7Whichv7medicationv7isv7thev7likelyv7cause?
a. Dilantin
b. Nifedipine
c. Quinidine
d. Clozapine
ANS:v 7 B
Nifedipinev7isv7av7calciumv7channelv7blocker.v7Dilantinv7isv7anv7anticonvulsantv7usedv7tov7preven
tv7orv7controlv7seizures.v7Quinidinev7isv7anv7antiarrhythmicv7agentv7usedv7tov7treatv7cardiacv7arrh
ythmias.v7Clozapinev7isv7anv7antipsychoticv7usedv7inv7thev7managementv7ofv7psychoticv7sympto
msv7inv7schizophrenia.
REF:v 7 Historicalv7Diagnosis,v7Fig.v71.38,v7pagev717 OBJ:v 7 3
9. Radiographicv7features,v7includingv7cotton-
woolv7radiopacitiesv7andv7hypercementosis,v7arev7especiallyv7helpfulv7inv7thev7diagnos
isv7of
a. Pagetv7disease.
b. dentinogenesisv7imperfecta.
c. anemia.
d. diabetes.
ANS:v 7 A
Pagetv7diseasev7isv7av7chronicv7metabolicv7bonev7disease.v7Radiographically,v7cotton-
woolv7radiopacitiesv7andv7hypercementosisv7arev7characteristicv7features.v7Dentinogenesisv7impe
rfectav7isv7av7geneticv7conditionv7involvingv7av7defectv7inv7thev7developmentv7ofv7dentin.v7Anemia
,v7av7decreasev7inv7redv7bloodv7cells,v7requiresv7bloodv7testsv7tov7determinev7thev7etiologicv7factors
.v7Diabetesv7isv7av7chronicv7disorderv7ofv7carbohydratev7metabolismv7characterizedv7byv7abnorma
llyv7highv7bloodv7glucosev7levels.
REF:v 7 Laboratoryv7Diagnosis,v7Fig.v71.40,v7pagesv716,v718 OBJ:v 7 3
10. Inv7internalv7resorption,v7thev7radiolucencyv7seenv7onv7radiographicv7examinationv7isv7usually
a. wellv7circumscribed.
b. diffuse.
