CERTIFIED PARAOPTOMETRIC STUDY GUIDE 2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔radiuscope - ✔✔an instrument that measures the curvature of a contact lens
✔✔confrontation fields - ✔✔technique used to screen for visual field defects using the
fingers of The Examiner
✔✔asepsis - ✔✔practice to reduce or eliminate contaminants from entering the
operative field in surgery or medicine to prevent infection
✔✔limbus - ✔✔area of the eye dividing the cornea from the sclera
✔✔anterior chamber - ✔✔area located behind the cornea and in front of the iris
✔✔accommodation - ✔✔the ability of the eye to focus on objects at varying distances
✔✔sodium fluorescein - ✔✔most commonly used ophthalmic dye which is available in
liquid form or impregnated on dry paper filter strips
✔✔corticosteroids - ✔✔therapeutic drug to reduce inflammation
✔✔blepharitis - ✔✔inflammation of the eyelids
✔✔conjunctivitis - ✔✔commonly known as pinkeye
✔✔subconjunctival hemorrhage - ✔✔small blood vessel rupture between the sclera and
conjunctiva
✔✔hordeolum - ✔✔the pores in the eyelid become blocked and inflamed commonly
known as a stye
✔✔chalazion - ✔✔a small lump on the eyelid
✔✔Glaucoma - ✔✔the optic nerve is damaged from increased intraocular pressure
✔✔macular degeneration - ✔✔advancing age causes the central area of vision to
breakdown
✔✔keratonconus - ✔✔cornea changes into an irregular cone shape
✔✔diabetic retinopathy - ✔✔this causes fragile blood vessels on the retina to leak or
break
, ✔✔pinguecula - ✔✔thickening of the connective tissue on the sides of the cornea
usually in the 3 and 9 o'clock positions
✔✔retinal detachment - ✔✔retina pulls away from the rest of the eyeball
✔✔flashes - ✔✔these are caused by mechanical stimulation of nerves in the retina
✔✔floaters - ✔✔caused by debris in the tears end in the fluid inside of the eye
✔✔optician - ✔✔person generally responsible for grinding or duplicating lenses
✔✔ophthalmologist - ✔✔doctor of medicine specializing in surgery
✔✔paraoptometric - ✔✔person who collects patient data, administers test of the
patient's visual capabilities, and assist in office management
✔✔alphabetical - ✔✔most straightforward type of filing system
✔✔PHI personal health information - ✔✔required for documentation of released PHI:
date, name, address, description of information released, verified identity of requestor
✔✔convex lenses - ✔✔thick in center and thin on edge, light rays passing through
these lenses will be converged, plus lens
✔✔concave lens - ✔✔then and center and thick on edges, objects viewed through
these lenses will appear smaller or minified, light rays passing through these lenses will
be diverged, minus lens
✔✔lensometer - ✔✔instrument used to verify the spectacle prescription
✔✔prism - ✔✔a lens that bends light, its shape is similar to a pyramid, 1 diopter will
bend a ray of light 1 cm for every 1 meter of distance, it can be oriented in any direction
in order to meet a patient's needs
✔✔plano - ✔✔used to designate a lens without power
✔✔spherical - ✔✔same power and all areas of the lens used to treat myopia or
hyperopia
✔✔glass - ✔✔lens material that is the hardest surface and also the heaviest, easiest to
break
✔✔polycarbonate - ✔✔most shatter resistant
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔radiuscope - ✔✔an instrument that measures the curvature of a contact lens
✔✔confrontation fields - ✔✔technique used to screen for visual field defects using the
fingers of The Examiner
✔✔asepsis - ✔✔practice to reduce or eliminate contaminants from entering the
operative field in surgery or medicine to prevent infection
✔✔limbus - ✔✔area of the eye dividing the cornea from the sclera
✔✔anterior chamber - ✔✔area located behind the cornea and in front of the iris
✔✔accommodation - ✔✔the ability of the eye to focus on objects at varying distances
✔✔sodium fluorescein - ✔✔most commonly used ophthalmic dye which is available in
liquid form or impregnated on dry paper filter strips
✔✔corticosteroids - ✔✔therapeutic drug to reduce inflammation
✔✔blepharitis - ✔✔inflammation of the eyelids
✔✔conjunctivitis - ✔✔commonly known as pinkeye
✔✔subconjunctival hemorrhage - ✔✔small blood vessel rupture between the sclera and
conjunctiva
✔✔hordeolum - ✔✔the pores in the eyelid become blocked and inflamed commonly
known as a stye
✔✔chalazion - ✔✔a small lump on the eyelid
✔✔Glaucoma - ✔✔the optic nerve is damaged from increased intraocular pressure
✔✔macular degeneration - ✔✔advancing age causes the central area of vision to
breakdown
✔✔keratonconus - ✔✔cornea changes into an irregular cone shape
✔✔diabetic retinopathy - ✔✔this causes fragile blood vessels on the retina to leak or
break
, ✔✔pinguecula - ✔✔thickening of the connective tissue on the sides of the cornea
usually in the 3 and 9 o'clock positions
✔✔retinal detachment - ✔✔retina pulls away from the rest of the eyeball
✔✔flashes - ✔✔these are caused by mechanical stimulation of nerves in the retina
✔✔floaters - ✔✔caused by debris in the tears end in the fluid inside of the eye
✔✔optician - ✔✔person generally responsible for grinding or duplicating lenses
✔✔ophthalmologist - ✔✔doctor of medicine specializing in surgery
✔✔paraoptometric - ✔✔person who collects patient data, administers test of the
patient's visual capabilities, and assist in office management
✔✔alphabetical - ✔✔most straightforward type of filing system
✔✔PHI personal health information - ✔✔required for documentation of released PHI:
date, name, address, description of information released, verified identity of requestor
✔✔convex lenses - ✔✔thick in center and thin on edge, light rays passing through
these lenses will be converged, plus lens
✔✔concave lens - ✔✔then and center and thick on edges, objects viewed through
these lenses will appear smaller or minified, light rays passing through these lenses will
be diverged, minus lens
✔✔lensometer - ✔✔instrument used to verify the spectacle prescription
✔✔prism - ✔✔a lens that bends light, its shape is similar to a pyramid, 1 diopter will
bend a ray of light 1 cm for every 1 meter of distance, it can be oriented in any direction
in order to meet a patient's needs
✔✔plano - ✔✔used to designate a lens without power
✔✔spherical - ✔✔same power and all areas of the lens used to treat myopia or
hyperopia
✔✔glass - ✔✔lens material that is the hardest surface and also the heaviest, easiest to
break
✔✔polycarbonate - ✔✔most shatter resistant
