3/25/2025
PERFUSION &
CLOTTING
WEEK 4 NR293
HARTMAN
3
4
, 3/25/2025
ANTILIPEMICS
ELEVATED LIPIDS
CHOLESTEROL AND TRIGLYCERIDES
5
NIACIN STATIN CHOLESTYRAMINE FENOFEMBRATE
(HMG coenzyme A (bile acid sequestrant) (fibric acid derivative)
inhibitor)
Raise HDL Decrease rate of cholesterol Binds & prevents bile acids Lower triglycerides
production from intestines
Blocks the enzymes the body
uses to make its own
cholesterol.
Takes 6-8 wks. to work
TAKE IN THE EVENING
Used first line for high LDL Dissolve powder in 4 oz
No grapefruit juice water
Statin side effects: myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, increased liver enzymes, constipation, fat soluble vitamin malabsorption.
w/warfarin, there is increased risk of bleeding. Report muscle pain, hematuria. Examples: atorvastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin
Monitor ALT/AST …CK level … Avoid alcohol … older frail are at greatest risk
6
, 3/25/2025
WHY ARE ANTICOAGULANT & ANTIPLATELET
MEDICATIONS NEEDED?
• Coagulation modifiers are used in various clinical scenarios, including:
• Preventing thromboembolic events (e.g., strokes, heart attacks)
• Managing patients with atrial fibrillation
• Maintaining the patency of catheters
• Preventing clotting in surgical procedures
7
COAGULATION MODIFIERS
• Coagulation modifiers are medications that can prevent or promote clotting
• Anticoagulants & Antiplatelets - preventing clot formation
• Thrombolytics: streptokinase, alteplase – lysis of a clot (breakdown)
• Reversal Agents - reverse the action of anticoagulants
Common Clot Prevention Medications
Anticoagulants Antiplatelets
Heparin Aspirin
Enoxaparin Clopidogrel
Warfarin Dipyridamole
Dabigatran (direct thrombin inhibitors)
Rivaroxaban,Apixaban (selective factor Xa inhibitors)
8
PERFUSION &
CLOTTING
WEEK 4 NR293
HARTMAN
3
4
, 3/25/2025
ANTILIPEMICS
ELEVATED LIPIDS
CHOLESTEROL AND TRIGLYCERIDES
5
NIACIN STATIN CHOLESTYRAMINE FENOFEMBRATE
(HMG coenzyme A (bile acid sequestrant) (fibric acid derivative)
inhibitor)
Raise HDL Decrease rate of cholesterol Binds & prevents bile acids Lower triglycerides
production from intestines
Blocks the enzymes the body
uses to make its own
cholesterol.
Takes 6-8 wks. to work
TAKE IN THE EVENING
Used first line for high LDL Dissolve powder in 4 oz
No grapefruit juice water
Statin side effects: myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, increased liver enzymes, constipation, fat soluble vitamin malabsorption.
w/warfarin, there is increased risk of bleeding. Report muscle pain, hematuria. Examples: atorvastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin
Monitor ALT/AST …CK level … Avoid alcohol … older frail are at greatest risk
6
, 3/25/2025
WHY ARE ANTICOAGULANT & ANTIPLATELET
MEDICATIONS NEEDED?
• Coagulation modifiers are used in various clinical scenarios, including:
• Preventing thromboembolic events (e.g., strokes, heart attacks)
• Managing patients with atrial fibrillation
• Maintaining the patency of catheters
• Preventing clotting in surgical procedures
7
COAGULATION MODIFIERS
• Coagulation modifiers are medications that can prevent or promote clotting
• Anticoagulants & Antiplatelets - preventing clot formation
• Thrombolytics: streptokinase, alteplase – lysis of a clot (breakdown)
• Reversal Agents - reverse the action of anticoagulants
Common Clot Prevention Medications
Anticoagulants Antiplatelets
Heparin Aspirin
Enoxaparin Clopidogrel
Warfarin Dipyridamole
Dabigatran (direct thrombin inhibitors)
Rivaroxaban,Apixaban (selective factor Xa inhibitors)
8
