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Psychology Exam Multiple Choice
Psychology is the study of
a.) mental illness
b.) the brain
c.) behavior and mental processes
d.) observable behavior in humans and animals
C
The followers of ____________ argue that there is a close relationship between
animal behavior and human behavior.
a.) Jean Jacques Rousseau
b.) Charles Darwin
c.) John Locke
d.) Rene Descartes
B
The year 1879 might be thought of as the beginning of psychology as a
science because that is the year:
a.) Margaret Floy Washburn wrote "The Animal Mind"
b.) G. Stanley Hall established the first clinic for handicapped children
c.) Wilhelm Wundt developed and opened the first psychology laboratory
d.) Sigmund Freud discovered the role of the unconscious mind in determining
behavior
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C
______________ wanted to know how specific behaviors and mental
processes help a person or animal adapt to the environment, so they looked
for underlying causes and practical consequences of these behaviors and
processes.
a.) Rationalists
b.) Structuralists
c.) Fundamentalists
d.) Functionalists
D
John Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and BF Skinner would have agreed that psychology
is the study of:
a.) behavior
b.) the mind
c.) conscious experience
d.) mental processes
A
Which modern psychological perspective focuses on how people reason,
remember, understand language, and solve problems?
a.) the cognitive perspective
b.) the learning perspective
c.) the sociocultural perspective
d.) the psychodynamic perspective
A
One of the main areas of focus for psychologists from the psychodynamic
perspective is the importance of:
a.) free will
b.) early childhood conflicts and trauma
c.) the proper balance of neurotransmitters in the brain
d.) appropriate role models during childhood
B
In a psychology experiment, subjects listen to a variety of tones presented at
different frequencies and then reflect on the experience, describing what they
heard as precisely as possible. These individuals would have been using the
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process called
a.) behaviorism
b.) introspection
c.) hypnosis
d.) Gestalt Therapy
B
Psychologists are referred to as scientists because:
a.) they work with complicated computers
b.) they rely upon sophisticated brain-imaging machines
c.) they base their work on scientific attitudes and procedures
d.) psychology is related to human biology which is an important part of
science
C
True or false: Humans use only 10 percent of their brains
a.) false, because humans use 50% of their brains at any given time
b.) false - humans use all of their brains
c.) True
d.) No one yet knows the answer to this question
B
Scientific investigation has revealed that the Mozart Effect is
a.) a question that cannot be answered through science
b.) dependent on the age and gender of the child
c.) supported by findings from numerous studies
d.) not substantiated through research
D
The careful examination of what people or animals do in their normal
environments is called
a.) intrusive observation
b.) naturalistic observation
c.) double-blind study
d.) a case history
B
Investigators are most likely to use the case history method when they study
a.) the effects of a drug on behavior
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b.) the frequency of certain attitudes in a large population
c.) a rare behavior or an unusual person
d.) two or more independent variables
C
Random sampling of a population is most likely to
a.) produce a representative sample
b.) give the researcher a very large sample
c.) increase the likelihood of finding significant differences between two
different groups
d.) increase the chances of the study being published
A
What is the advantage of the experimental method as opposed to the
correlational studies?
a.) an experiment is better suited to studies of unusual individuals
b.) an experiment can consist of as little as one observation of a single
individual
c.) an experiment can demonstrate cause-and-effect relationships
d.) an experiment is easier to do and poses fewer ethical problems
C
An experimenter assigned students to three classrooms with different music
playing in each room. Then he tested their ability to memorize poetry. What is
the independent variable?
a.) the type of music
b.) the motivation of students
c.) the difficulty of the poetry
d.) the student's success in memorizing poetry
A
"If an athlete imagines having a good performance, then that athlete is more
likely to be successful in an event." This statement is a description of
a.) Determinism
b.) a hypothesis
c.) a theory
d.) a correlation
B