PRAXIS CORE (MATH) QUANTITATIVE
REASONING HANDBOOK: ANALYTICAL
FLUENCY GUIDE AND COMPLETE
FOUNDATIONAL ARITHMETIC KEY 2026
⫸ Partial Numbers. Answer: Fractions and decimals; not whole
numbers
⫸ Positive and Negative numbers. Answer: a negative number is the
opposite of a positive number, and vice versa.
⫸ Integers. Answer: All the whole numbers and their opposites. The
only integer that doesn't have an opposite is 0
⫸ Absolute Value. Answer: an integer's positive distance from 0. It's
value without a negative sign.
Ex: |4| = 4 or |-4| = 4
⫸ Working with integers. Answer: * Subtracting an integer is the
same as adding its opposite, and adding a number is the same as
subtracting its opposite.
*If an even number of negative integers are multiplied or divided, the
product is positive. If an odd number of negative integers are
multiplied or divided, the product is negative.
, *To add two integers with the same sign, add their absolute values
and give the sum of the sign that both numbers have
* To add two integers with opposite signs, subtract the smaller
absolute value from the greater absolute value and give the difference
the sign of the number with the greater absolute value.
⫸ Factor. Answer: a factor of a whole number is the whole number
that can be divided into it a whole number of times.
Remember: every whole number has itself and 1 for factors. If those
are the only two factors of a number its a prime number.
⫸ Prime number. Answer: a whole number that only has itself and 1
for factors.
⫸ Prime factorization. Answer: a representation of the number as a
product of all its prime factors.
⫸ greatest common factor vs least common multiple. Answer: GCF:
greatest factor in common (20: 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20)
LCM: lowest number in common and is a multiple instead of a factor.
(3: 3, 6, 9, 12...)
⫸ Exponent. Answer: represents how many times a number is a
factor. 2 = squared, 3 = cubed
⫸ Square root. Answer: a way to find what has to be squared to get a
number
REASONING HANDBOOK: ANALYTICAL
FLUENCY GUIDE AND COMPLETE
FOUNDATIONAL ARITHMETIC KEY 2026
⫸ Partial Numbers. Answer: Fractions and decimals; not whole
numbers
⫸ Positive and Negative numbers. Answer: a negative number is the
opposite of a positive number, and vice versa.
⫸ Integers. Answer: All the whole numbers and their opposites. The
only integer that doesn't have an opposite is 0
⫸ Absolute Value. Answer: an integer's positive distance from 0. It's
value without a negative sign.
Ex: |4| = 4 or |-4| = 4
⫸ Working with integers. Answer: * Subtracting an integer is the
same as adding its opposite, and adding a number is the same as
subtracting its opposite.
*If an even number of negative integers are multiplied or divided, the
product is positive. If an odd number of negative integers are
multiplied or divided, the product is negative.
, *To add two integers with the same sign, add their absolute values
and give the sum of the sign that both numbers have
* To add two integers with opposite signs, subtract the smaller
absolute value from the greater absolute value and give the difference
the sign of the number with the greater absolute value.
⫸ Factor. Answer: a factor of a whole number is the whole number
that can be divided into it a whole number of times.
Remember: every whole number has itself and 1 for factors. If those
are the only two factors of a number its a prime number.
⫸ Prime number. Answer: a whole number that only has itself and 1
for factors.
⫸ Prime factorization. Answer: a representation of the number as a
product of all its prime factors.
⫸ greatest common factor vs least common multiple. Answer: GCF:
greatest factor in common (20: 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20)
LCM: lowest number in common and is a multiple instead of a factor.
(3: 3, 6, 9, 12...)
⫸ Exponent. Answer: represents how many times a number is a
factor. 2 = squared, 3 = cubed
⫸ Square root. Answer: a way to find what has to be squared to get a
number
