DHN EXAM 1 || QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
ANSWERS!!
In general, what are some factors that influence a person's food choices? correct answers Income,
education, occupation, ethnic identity, nutritional knowledge, current health status, values, social
interactions, personal preference⇒household structure, composition, and traditions
What is the leading cause of death in the United States? correct answers Heart disease
Which of the ten leading causes of death can be attributed, at least in part, to a person's diet?
correct answers Heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes, accidents (kind of)
What are the six classes of nutrients? correct answers Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
Which of these nutrients provide energy to the diet? correct answers Fat, protein, carbohydrates
Which of the nutrients contain carbon? nitrogen? correct answers Carbon⇒ carbs, fats, proteins,
vitamins
Nitrogen⇒ proteins, some vitamins but not all
What percentage of the human body is water? correct answers 50-70%
Do males or females generally have a higher percentage of water? Why? correct answers Males
have higher percentage of water because they have less fat and more muscle
What percentage of most foods is water? correct answers Over 50% of most foods is water
-tomatos (99%)
What is the definition of an essential nutrient? correct answers the body cannot make it for itself
or cannot make fast enough from other raw materials to meet body's needs. Must be obtained
from food to prevent deficiencies.
What are examples of essential nutrients? correct answers Fatty acids⇒ linoleic, linolenic
Certain amino acids
What is the definition of a calorie? correct answers a unit of energy; kilocalorie (calorie) is the
amount of heat energy necessary to raise the temperate of a kilogram of water 1 degrees C
, How many calories are provided per gram of carbohydrate, fat, protein, and alcohol? Be able to
use this information to look at a nutrition label and then count how many calories a given food
contains. correct answers Carb 4 cal/gram
Fat 9 cal/gram
Protein 4 cal/gram
Alcohol 7 cal/gram
What are the dietary reference intakes used for? correct answers Set for healthy adults and
children in the US used for planning and assessing diets; DRI's are based on how much of a
nutrient a person needs to consume for optimal health and to prevent chronic disease
What are the four components to the DRI's? What is the definition of each of these components?
correct answers 1. Estimated Average Requirements (EAR)
-the average amount of a nutrient needed by a certain age/gender group (set at 50 percentile)
2. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA)
-a person's nutrient intake goal; average daily amount of a nutrient considered adequate to meet
the known nutrient needs of practically all individuals in an age/gender group (set at 98
percentile) (scientific)
3. Adequate Intakes (AI)
-same concept as RDA but used when scientific data is insufficient to establish RDA
4. Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL)
-upper limit for nutrients; intakes above are likely to cause illness from toxicity
RDA&AI set based on two primary factors: age, gender, if female pregnant?
How are AI's different than RDA's? Be able to determine a person's RDA or AI given their
gender and age (and a chart to look at! Don't memorize tables in textbook). correct answers AI's
are used when scientific data is insufficient to establish RDA.
What are the five general principles of a healthy diet? Be familiar with the concept behind each
of these principles. correct answers Adequacy- foods provide enough of each essential nutrient,
fiber, and energy
Balance- choices do not overemphasize one nutrient or food at the expense of another
Calorie control- foods provide amount of energy you need to maintain ideal weight
Moderation- foods do not provide excess fat, salt, sugar, or unwanted constituents
Variety- foods differ from day to day
What is nutrient density? Given two foods and their nutritional value be able to identify the more
nutrient dense. correct answers Nutrient density- measure of nutrients provided per calorie of
food; calorie low, nutrient value high
- 1 cup skim milk- 85 cal 300 mg of calcium
-1 cup ice cream- 350 cal 150 mg calcium
(skim milk has more nutrients per calorie)
ANSWERS!!
In general, what are some factors that influence a person's food choices? correct answers Income,
education, occupation, ethnic identity, nutritional knowledge, current health status, values, social
interactions, personal preference⇒household structure, composition, and traditions
What is the leading cause of death in the United States? correct answers Heart disease
Which of the ten leading causes of death can be attributed, at least in part, to a person's diet?
correct answers Heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes, accidents (kind of)
What are the six classes of nutrients? correct answers Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
Which of these nutrients provide energy to the diet? correct answers Fat, protein, carbohydrates
Which of the nutrients contain carbon? nitrogen? correct answers Carbon⇒ carbs, fats, proteins,
vitamins
Nitrogen⇒ proteins, some vitamins but not all
What percentage of the human body is water? correct answers 50-70%
Do males or females generally have a higher percentage of water? Why? correct answers Males
have higher percentage of water because they have less fat and more muscle
What percentage of most foods is water? correct answers Over 50% of most foods is water
-tomatos (99%)
What is the definition of an essential nutrient? correct answers the body cannot make it for itself
or cannot make fast enough from other raw materials to meet body's needs. Must be obtained
from food to prevent deficiencies.
What are examples of essential nutrients? correct answers Fatty acids⇒ linoleic, linolenic
Certain amino acids
What is the definition of a calorie? correct answers a unit of energy; kilocalorie (calorie) is the
amount of heat energy necessary to raise the temperate of a kilogram of water 1 degrees C
, How many calories are provided per gram of carbohydrate, fat, protein, and alcohol? Be able to
use this information to look at a nutrition label and then count how many calories a given food
contains. correct answers Carb 4 cal/gram
Fat 9 cal/gram
Protein 4 cal/gram
Alcohol 7 cal/gram
What are the dietary reference intakes used for? correct answers Set for healthy adults and
children in the US used for planning and assessing diets; DRI's are based on how much of a
nutrient a person needs to consume for optimal health and to prevent chronic disease
What are the four components to the DRI's? What is the definition of each of these components?
correct answers 1. Estimated Average Requirements (EAR)
-the average amount of a nutrient needed by a certain age/gender group (set at 50 percentile)
2. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA)
-a person's nutrient intake goal; average daily amount of a nutrient considered adequate to meet
the known nutrient needs of practically all individuals in an age/gender group (set at 98
percentile) (scientific)
3. Adequate Intakes (AI)
-same concept as RDA but used when scientific data is insufficient to establish RDA
4. Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL)
-upper limit for nutrients; intakes above are likely to cause illness from toxicity
RDA&AI set based on two primary factors: age, gender, if female pregnant?
How are AI's different than RDA's? Be able to determine a person's RDA or AI given their
gender and age (and a chart to look at! Don't memorize tables in textbook). correct answers AI's
are used when scientific data is insufficient to establish RDA.
What are the five general principles of a healthy diet? Be familiar with the concept behind each
of these principles. correct answers Adequacy- foods provide enough of each essential nutrient,
fiber, and energy
Balance- choices do not overemphasize one nutrient or food at the expense of another
Calorie control- foods provide amount of energy you need to maintain ideal weight
Moderation- foods do not provide excess fat, salt, sugar, or unwanted constituents
Variety- foods differ from day to day
What is nutrient density? Given two foods and their nutritional value be able to identify the more
nutrient dense. correct answers Nutrient density- measure of nutrients provided per calorie of
food; calorie low, nutrient value high
- 1 cup skim milk- 85 cal 300 mg of calcium
-1 cup ice cream- 350 cal 150 mg calcium
(skim milk has more nutrients per calorie)
