Medical-Surgical Nursing Practice Questions & Study Guide — Chapter-by-Chapter

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine
(Vol.1 & Vol.2)
22nd Edition
• Author(s)Joseph Loscalzo; Anthony S.
Fauci; Dennis L. Kasper; Stephen Hauser;
Dan Longo; J. Larry Jameson
Test Bank




Covered

PART 1: Foundations of Clinical Medicine

PART 2: Cardinal Symptoms & Clinical Presentations

PART 3: Clinical Pharmacology

PART 4: Oncology & Hematology

PART 5: Infectious Diseases

PART 6: Cardiovascular Disorders

PART 7: Respiratory Disorders

PART 8: Critical Care Medicine

PART 9: Kidney & Urinary Tract Disorders

PART 10: Gastrointestinal & Hepatobiliary Disorders

,PART 11: Immune-Mediated & Rheumatologic Disorders

PART 12: Endocrinology & Metabolism

PART 13: Neurologic & Psychiatric Disorders

PART 14: Toxicology & Environmental Injury

PART 15: Environmental & Occupational Medicine

PART 16: Genetics, Precision & Systems Medicine

PART 17–20: Special & Emerging Topics




A 68-year-old patient with multiple comorbidities asks about
the most important element for establishing trust in the
patient–physician relationship. Which should the nurse identify
as highest priority?
A. Explaining diagnostic test performance
B. Demonstrating consistent, respectful communication
C. Providing the latest clinical guideline references
D. Referring to a specialist immediately
Answer: B. Demonstrating consistent, respectful
communication.
Rationale: The foundation of good clinical care is a therapeutic,
respectful patient–physician relationship; consistent, respectful
communication improves adherence and outcomes.
When organizing inpatient care for a medically complex
patient, which nursing action most directly supports
management of care as emphasized in the chapter on practice
of medicine?
A. Deferring all care-coordination decisions to the attending

,physician
B. Using a multidisciplinary plan of care and clear handoffs
C. Ordering all diagnostic tests at once to speed diagnosis
D. Limiting documentation to avoid information overload
Answer: B. Using a multidisciplinary plan of care and clear
handoffs.
Rationale: Effective management of patient care requires
multidisciplinary planning and structured handoffs to reduce
errors and ensure continuity.
A public-health nurse counseling a patient on lifestyle change
should emphasize which single intervention with largest
population impact on cardiovascular risk?
A. Glycemic control with medication
B. Smoking cessation
C. Multivitamin supplementation
D. Annual ECG screening
Answer: B. Smoking cessation.
Rationale: Promoting good health focuses on high-impact
behavioral interventions; smoking cessation yields major
reductions in cardiovascular and overall mortality.
For primary prevention counseling, which nurse statement
best reflects Harrison’s guidance on promoting good health?
A. “You only need behavior change if your family has disease.”
B. “Small, sustainable changes in diet and activity reduce long-
term risk.”
C. “Medication is always preferable to lifestyle change.”

, D. “Screening tests are more important than prevention.”
Answer: B. “Small, sustainable changes in diet and activity
reduce long-term risk.”
Rationale: The chapter emphasizes achievable, sustained
lifestyle modifications as central to health promotion and
primary prevention.
A parent refuses routine childhood vaccines based on
misinformation. Which nursing approach is most consistent
with Harrison’s guidance on vaccine hesitancy?
A. Dismiss the parent from the clinic immediately
B. Use empathetic listening and provide clear, evidence-based
information tailored to concerns
C. Force vaccination without consent
D. Provide only technical vaccine facts without addressing
emotions
Answer: B. Use empathetic listening and provide clear,
evidence-based information tailored to concerns.
Rationale: Addressing vaccine hesitancy requires understanding
concerns, respectful dialogue, and tailored, factual counseling
to increase acceptance.
A clinician must decide between two diagnostic strategies
with different sensitivity and specificity. Which principle of
clinical decision-making should the nurse apply when the
consequence of missing disease is severe?
A. Prioritize tests with highest specificity only
B. Prioritize tests with highest sensitivity to reduce missed