MN 551 UNIT 9 QUIZ EXAM SCRIPT ANSWERS
RATIONALE 2026 VERIFIED RESULTS
◉ Which of the following phenomena would be least likely to result
in activation of the complement system? Answer: Activation of Toll-
like receptors (TLRs) on complement proteins
◉ A 71-year-old male patient with a history of myocardial infarction
and peripheral vascular disease has been advised by his nurse
practitioner to begin taking 81 mg aspirin once daily. Which of the
following statements best captures an aspect of the underlying
rationale for the nurse practitioner's suggestion? Answer: Platelet
aggregation can be precluded through inhibition of prostaglandin
production by aspirin.
◉ The blood work of a 44-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of
liver disease secondary to alcohol abuse indicates low levels of
albumin. Which of the following phenomena would a clinician be
most justified in anticipating? Answer: Acid-base imbalances
◉ A 40-year-old woman who experiences severe seasonal allergies
has been referred by her family physician to an allergist for weekly
allergy injections. The woman is confused as to why repeated
exposure to substances that set off her allergies would ultimately
benefit her. Which of the following phenomena best captures the
,rationale for allergy desensitization therapy? Answer: Injections of
allergens simulate production of IgG, which blocks antigens from
combining with IgE.
◉ A 24-year-old woman presents with fever and painful, swollen
cervical lymph nodes. Her blood work indicates neutrophilia with a
shift to the left. She most likely has: Answer: A severe bacterial
infection
◉ Which of the following statements most accurately conveys an
aspect of lymphatic system activity? Answer: B and T lymphocyte
development begins in the bone marrow and ends in the peripheral
lymphoid structures.
◉ A 22-year-old female who adheres to a vegan diet has been
diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. Which of the following
components of her diagnostic blood work would be most likely to
necessitate further investigation? Answer: Decreased erythropoietin
levels
◉ A 44-year-old female patient presents to the emergency
department with abnormal bleeding and abdominal pain that is later
attributed to gallbladder disease. Which of the following diagnoses
would the medical team be most justified in suspecting as a cause of
the patient's bleeding? Answer: Vitamin K deficiency
,◉ A nurse practitioner student is familiarizing herself with the
overnight admissions to an acute medical unit of a university
hospital. Which of the following patients would the student
recognize as being least likely to have a diagnosis of
antiphospholipid syndrome in his or her medical history? Answer: A
21-year-old male with a diagnosis of cellulitis and suspected
endocarditis secondary to intravenous drug use
◉ A 30-year-old man has spent 5 hours on a cross-country flight
seated next to a passenger who has been sneezing and coughing, and
the man has been inhaling viral particles periodically. Which of the
following situations would most likely result in the stimulation of
the man's T lymphocytes and adaptive immune system?
Question options:
A. Presentation of a foreign antigen by a familiar immunoglobulin
B.Recognition of a foreign MHC molecule
D.Cytokine stimulation of a T lymphocyte with macrophage or
dendritic cell mediation Answer:
◉ A nurse practitioner is explaining to a 40-year-old male patient
the damage that Mycobacterium tuberculosis could do to lung tissue.
Which of the following phenomena would underlie the nurse
, practitioner's explanation? Answer: Macrophages are unable to
digest the bacteria, resulting in immune granulomas.
◉ A 2-year-old girl has had repeated ear and upper respiratory tract
infections since she was born. A pediatrician has determined a
diagnosis of transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy. What is
the physiological origin of the child's recurrent infections? Answer:
Antibody production by plasma cells is compromised because of
impaired communication between B and T cells.
◉ A 14-year-old boy has been diagnosed with infectious
mononucleosis. Which of the following pathophysiological
phenomena is most responsible for his symptoms? Answer: Viruses
are killing some of his B cells and becoming incorporated into the
genomes of others.
◉ Which of the following situations related to the transition from
fetal to perinatal circulation would be most likely to necessitate
medical intervention? Answer: Pulmonary vascular resistance,
related to muscle regression in the pulmonary arteries, rises over
the course of the infant's first week.
◉ A 66-year-old patient's echocardiogram reveals a hypertrophied
left ventricle, normal chamber volume, and a normal ejection
fraction from the heart. What is this patient's most likely diagnosis?
Answer: Aortic valve stenosis
RATIONALE 2026 VERIFIED RESULTS
◉ Which of the following phenomena would be least likely to result
in activation of the complement system? Answer: Activation of Toll-
like receptors (TLRs) on complement proteins
◉ A 71-year-old male patient with a history of myocardial infarction
and peripheral vascular disease has been advised by his nurse
practitioner to begin taking 81 mg aspirin once daily. Which of the
following statements best captures an aspect of the underlying
rationale for the nurse practitioner's suggestion? Answer: Platelet
aggregation can be precluded through inhibition of prostaglandin
production by aspirin.
◉ The blood work of a 44-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of
liver disease secondary to alcohol abuse indicates low levels of
albumin. Which of the following phenomena would a clinician be
most justified in anticipating? Answer: Acid-base imbalances
◉ A 40-year-old woman who experiences severe seasonal allergies
has been referred by her family physician to an allergist for weekly
allergy injections. The woman is confused as to why repeated
exposure to substances that set off her allergies would ultimately
benefit her. Which of the following phenomena best captures the
,rationale for allergy desensitization therapy? Answer: Injections of
allergens simulate production of IgG, which blocks antigens from
combining with IgE.
◉ A 24-year-old woman presents with fever and painful, swollen
cervical lymph nodes. Her blood work indicates neutrophilia with a
shift to the left. She most likely has: Answer: A severe bacterial
infection
◉ Which of the following statements most accurately conveys an
aspect of lymphatic system activity? Answer: B and T lymphocyte
development begins in the bone marrow and ends in the peripheral
lymphoid structures.
◉ A 22-year-old female who adheres to a vegan diet has been
diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. Which of the following
components of her diagnostic blood work would be most likely to
necessitate further investigation? Answer: Decreased erythropoietin
levels
◉ A 44-year-old female patient presents to the emergency
department with abnormal bleeding and abdominal pain that is later
attributed to gallbladder disease. Which of the following diagnoses
would the medical team be most justified in suspecting as a cause of
the patient's bleeding? Answer: Vitamin K deficiency
,◉ A nurse practitioner student is familiarizing herself with the
overnight admissions to an acute medical unit of a university
hospital. Which of the following patients would the student
recognize as being least likely to have a diagnosis of
antiphospholipid syndrome in his or her medical history? Answer: A
21-year-old male with a diagnosis of cellulitis and suspected
endocarditis secondary to intravenous drug use
◉ A 30-year-old man has spent 5 hours on a cross-country flight
seated next to a passenger who has been sneezing and coughing, and
the man has been inhaling viral particles periodically. Which of the
following situations would most likely result in the stimulation of
the man's T lymphocytes and adaptive immune system?
Question options:
A. Presentation of a foreign antigen by a familiar immunoglobulin
B.Recognition of a foreign MHC molecule
D.Cytokine stimulation of a T lymphocyte with macrophage or
dendritic cell mediation Answer:
◉ A nurse practitioner is explaining to a 40-year-old male patient
the damage that Mycobacterium tuberculosis could do to lung tissue.
Which of the following phenomena would underlie the nurse
, practitioner's explanation? Answer: Macrophages are unable to
digest the bacteria, resulting in immune granulomas.
◉ A 2-year-old girl has had repeated ear and upper respiratory tract
infections since she was born. A pediatrician has determined a
diagnosis of transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy. What is
the physiological origin of the child's recurrent infections? Answer:
Antibody production by plasma cells is compromised because of
impaired communication between B and T cells.
◉ A 14-year-old boy has been diagnosed with infectious
mononucleosis. Which of the following pathophysiological
phenomena is most responsible for his symptoms? Answer: Viruses
are killing some of his B cells and becoming incorporated into the
genomes of others.
◉ Which of the following situations related to the transition from
fetal to perinatal circulation would be most likely to necessitate
medical intervention? Answer: Pulmonary vascular resistance,
related to muscle regression in the pulmonary arteries, rises over
the course of the infant's first week.
◉ A 66-year-old patient's echocardiogram reveals a hypertrophied
left ventricle, normal chamber volume, and a normal ejection
fraction from the heart. What is this patient's most likely diagnosis?
Answer: Aortic valve stenosis
