BIOD171 Portage Learning
Essential Microbiology Exam
Study Guide – Practice
Questions with Answers.
GRADED A+. Updated 2026
,True/False. A virus is considered a microorganism. - CORRECT ANSWER-False,
Viruses are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms. Viruses can,
however, be classified as microbes, a more general term that includes
microorganisms and viruses.
What is the smallest biological unit of life? - CORRECT ANSWER-A cell
What are the four main types of macromolecules found in cells? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids, Carbohydrates
Proteins are formed from various combinations of - CORRECT ANSWER-
Amino acids
There are how many known forms of amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER-
twenty
How many amino acids are classified as being essential amino acids? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Nine
Where can the two major types of nucleic acids be found in the cell?
- CORRECT ANSWER-DNA, RNA. Found in the nucleus.
,What is the role of RNA? - CORRECT ANSWER-RNA , found in the nucleus is capable
of leaving the nucleus. RNA is repsponsible for deciphering the hereditary
information in DNA and uses it to synthesize proteins.
What is the role of DNA? - CORRECT ANSWER-DNA, found in the nucleus contains
vast amount of hereditary inforamtion, responible for inhereitable characteristic os
living organisms.
Complete the following RNA strand, and indicate how many bonds are formed for
each complementary pair:
3' GGUCAUCG 5'5' CC AGC 3' - CORRECT ANSWER-3' GGUCAUCG
5'5' CCAGUAGC 3'There are 2 bonds formed between A and U, and 3 bonds between
G and C.
The plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWER-Restricts movement of materials in and
out of the cell C Prevents essential nutrients from escaping
How many carbon atoms are present in glucose? - CORRECT ANSWER-6
True of False: The genetic material within a prokaryotic cell is contained
within a membrane-enclosed region. - CORRECT ANSWER-False
Only eukaryotic cells contain its genetic material within a nucleus.
, True or False: Prokaryotic cells can be subdivided into Bacteria and Archaea. -
CORRECT ANSWER-True
True or False: Archaea is noted for its ability to survive under harsh conditions.
Correct! - CORRECT ANSWER-True
Archaea can often be found in harsh conditions such as high salt levels, high acid
conditions, high temperatures and even oxygen- poor conditions.
Which of the following microorganisms are considered to be Eukarya?
Select all that apply. - CORRECT ANSWER-Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista
Microorganisms classified as Plantae obtain most of their energy by converting
[answer1] energy into [answer2] energy. - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Light (sunlight)
2. chemical (sugars)
Which of the following are considered Protista? Select all that apply.
- CORRECT ANSWER-Algae, Amoeba
The function of the ribosome is - CORRECT ANSWER-Protein synthesis
Essential Microbiology Exam
Study Guide – Practice
Questions with Answers.
GRADED A+. Updated 2026
,True/False. A virus is considered a microorganism. - CORRECT ANSWER-False,
Viruses are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms. Viruses can,
however, be classified as microbes, a more general term that includes
microorganisms and viruses.
What is the smallest biological unit of life? - CORRECT ANSWER-A cell
What are the four main types of macromolecules found in cells? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids, Carbohydrates
Proteins are formed from various combinations of - CORRECT ANSWER-
Amino acids
There are how many known forms of amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER-
twenty
How many amino acids are classified as being essential amino acids? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Nine
Where can the two major types of nucleic acids be found in the cell?
- CORRECT ANSWER-DNA, RNA. Found in the nucleus.
,What is the role of RNA? - CORRECT ANSWER-RNA , found in the nucleus is capable
of leaving the nucleus. RNA is repsponsible for deciphering the hereditary
information in DNA and uses it to synthesize proteins.
What is the role of DNA? - CORRECT ANSWER-DNA, found in the nucleus contains
vast amount of hereditary inforamtion, responible for inhereitable characteristic os
living organisms.
Complete the following RNA strand, and indicate how many bonds are formed for
each complementary pair:
3' GGUCAUCG 5'5' CC AGC 3' - CORRECT ANSWER-3' GGUCAUCG
5'5' CCAGUAGC 3'There are 2 bonds formed between A and U, and 3 bonds between
G and C.
The plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWER-Restricts movement of materials in and
out of the cell C Prevents essential nutrients from escaping
How many carbon atoms are present in glucose? - CORRECT ANSWER-6
True of False: The genetic material within a prokaryotic cell is contained
within a membrane-enclosed region. - CORRECT ANSWER-False
Only eukaryotic cells contain its genetic material within a nucleus.
, True or False: Prokaryotic cells can be subdivided into Bacteria and Archaea. -
CORRECT ANSWER-True
True or False: Archaea is noted for its ability to survive under harsh conditions.
Correct! - CORRECT ANSWER-True
Archaea can often be found in harsh conditions such as high salt levels, high acid
conditions, high temperatures and even oxygen- poor conditions.
Which of the following microorganisms are considered to be Eukarya?
Select all that apply. - CORRECT ANSWER-Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista
Microorganisms classified as Plantae obtain most of their energy by converting
[answer1] energy into [answer2] energy. - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Light (sunlight)
2. chemical (sugars)
Which of the following are considered Protista? Select all that apply.
- CORRECT ANSWER-Algae, Amoeba
The function of the ribosome is - CORRECT ANSWER-Protein synthesis
