UNMC Patho Exam 2 Questions and Answers
(100% Correct Answers) Already Graded A+
Function of the immune system [ Ans: ] 1) to protect the
body from invasion by foreign antigens - foreign
substances that trigger the immune response
2) to identify and destroy potentially harmful cells
3) to remove cellular debris
What accomplishes the functions of the immune system? [
Ans: ] lymphoid organs & specifically designed
lymphocytes through the process of antibody-mediated
immune response & cell-mediated immune response.
General types of immune alterations
- immune system acts inappropriately [ Ans: ] 1)
Exaggerated
2) Misdirected against host's own cells
3) Directed against beneficial foreign tissues
4) Deficiency / insufficient
What immune alterations are due to hypersensitivity
reactions? [ Ans: ] 1) Exaggerated
2) Misdirected against host's own cells
,3) Directed against beneficial foreign tissues
Exaggerated [ Ans: ] overreaction against environmental
antigens
Allergic reaction = small
Anaphylactic reaction = same as allergic reaction, but
bigger
Misdirected against host's own cells [ Ans: ] autoimmunity
= sees own cells as being foreign & destroys them.
Directed against beneficial foreign tissues [ Ans: ]
isoimmunity = body's immune reponse against beneficial
foreign tissue - i.e. organ transplants
Hypersensitivity [ Ans: ] A pathologic immune response
An exaggerated AND inappropriate immune response
1) Exaggerated
2) Autoimmunity
3) Isoimmunity
Autoimmunity [ Ans: ] Breakdown of that "code of
recognition"
Body's immune system begins to recognize self as foreign
,Autoimmunity
Etiology [ Ans: ] Related To:
Genetics
Exposure to antigens - thought to alter membranes and
the expression of self-DNA, and induce this autoimmunity
Isoimmunity [ Ans: ] Body's immune system reacts against
tissues of usually other members of the same species
i.e. organ transplant
Types of Hypersensitivity [ Ans: ] 1) Type I -
Allergy/Anaphylaxis
2) Type II - Tissue-specific reaction
3) Type III - Immune-complex mediated reactions
4) Type IV - Cell-mediated reactions
Hypersensitivity Type I [ Ans: ] Allergy / Anaphylaxis
IgE-mediated allergic reactions
Hypersensitivity Type II [ Ans: ] Tissue specific reaction
Blood Transfusion reaction
, Hypersensitivity Type III [ Ans: ] Immune-complex
mediated reactions
Antigen-Antibody complexes form & deposit in tissues
i.e. Lupus
Hypersensitivity Type IV [ Ans: ] Cell-mediated reactions
Involve T cells, macrophages
i.e. Rheumatoid Arthritis
Allergy / Anaphylaxis [ Ans: ] A rapid, immediate
hypersensitivity reactions upon re-exposure to an antigen
*** No reaction with initial exposure
Allergy / Anaphylaxis
Pathophysiology [ Ans: ] Primary Exposure:
1) B cells comes in contact with Allergen
2) IgE produced
3) IgE sits on receptor of Mast Cell
Secondary Exposure - when exposed to allergen again:
1) Mast cell degranulation
(100% Correct Answers) Already Graded A+
Function of the immune system [ Ans: ] 1) to protect the
body from invasion by foreign antigens - foreign
substances that trigger the immune response
2) to identify and destroy potentially harmful cells
3) to remove cellular debris
What accomplishes the functions of the immune system? [
Ans: ] lymphoid organs & specifically designed
lymphocytes through the process of antibody-mediated
immune response & cell-mediated immune response.
General types of immune alterations
- immune system acts inappropriately [ Ans: ] 1)
Exaggerated
2) Misdirected against host's own cells
3) Directed against beneficial foreign tissues
4) Deficiency / insufficient
What immune alterations are due to hypersensitivity
reactions? [ Ans: ] 1) Exaggerated
2) Misdirected against host's own cells
,3) Directed against beneficial foreign tissues
Exaggerated [ Ans: ] overreaction against environmental
antigens
Allergic reaction = small
Anaphylactic reaction = same as allergic reaction, but
bigger
Misdirected against host's own cells [ Ans: ] autoimmunity
= sees own cells as being foreign & destroys them.
Directed against beneficial foreign tissues [ Ans: ]
isoimmunity = body's immune reponse against beneficial
foreign tissue - i.e. organ transplants
Hypersensitivity [ Ans: ] A pathologic immune response
An exaggerated AND inappropriate immune response
1) Exaggerated
2) Autoimmunity
3) Isoimmunity
Autoimmunity [ Ans: ] Breakdown of that "code of
recognition"
Body's immune system begins to recognize self as foreign
,Autoimmunity
Etiology [ Ans: ] Related To:
Genetics
Exposure to antigens - thought to alter membranes and
the expression of self-DNA, and induce this autoimmunity
Isoimmunity [ Ans: ] Body's immune system reacts against
tissues of usually other members of the same species
i.e. organ transplant
Types of Hypersensitivity [ Ans: ] 1) Type I -
Allergy/Anaphylaxis
2) Type II - Tissue-specific reaction
3) Type III - Immune-complex mediated reactions
4) Type IV - Cell-mediated reactions
Hypersensitivity Type I [ Ans: ] Allergy / Anaphylaxis
IgE-mediated allergic reactions
Hypersensitivity Type II [ Ans: ] Tissue specific reaction
Blood Transfusion reaction
, Hypersensitivity Type III [ Ans: ] Immune-complex
mediated reactions
Antigen-Antibody complexes form & deposit in tissues
i.e. Lupus
Hypersensitivity Type IV [ Ans: ] Cell-mediated reactions
Involve T cells, macrophages
i.e. Rheumatoid Arthritis
Allergy / Anaphylaxis [ Ans: ] A rapid, immediate
hypersensitivity reactions upon re-exposure to an antigen
*** No reaction with initial exposure
Allergy / Anaphylaxis
Pathophysiology [ Ans: ] Primary Exposure:
1) B cells comes in contact with Allergen
2) IgE produced
3) IgE sits on receptor of Mast Cell
Secondary Exposure - when exposed to allergen again:
1) Mast cell degranulation
