WGU D115 PATHO UNIT 6
GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM EXAM
QUESTIONS & VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS PASSED
Phases of swallowing - CORRECT ANSWER oropharyngeal (voluntary)-oral prep,
epiglotis closes, movement of tongue and pharyngeal constrictors propel food into
esophagus
esophageal (involuntary)-bolus transported ny esophagus to stomach by peristalsis,
esophageal sphincter relaxes to allow food into stomach
Pathway of digestion - CORRECT ANSWER mouth, esophagus, stomach, small
intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus
Process of digestion - CORRECT ANSWER 1-Mouth creates a bolus
2-swallowing propels bolus through esophagus into stomach
3-stomach creates chyme by adding digestive juices to the bolus, and propels the
chyme into the small intestine
4-in small intestine absorption occurs through villi which secretes digestive enzymes
and absorbs all major nutrients, peristalsis moves chyme through and into large
intestine
5-absorption and epithelial transport occur in the beginning of the colon as fecal mass
passes through, once it reaches the sigmoid colon it is entirely waste and passes
through the rectum
Nutrients absorbs in stomach - CORRECT ANSWER Alcohol (20%)
Nutrients absorbed in duodenum - CORRECT ANSWER Calcium, magnesium, iron,
some carbs
Nutrients absorbed in jejunum - CORRECT ANSWER Carbs, fat soluble vitamins,
water soluble vitamins, amino acids, alcohol (80%), fats, sodium, potassium, water
(90%)
Nutrients absorbed in ileum - CORRECT ANSWER Vitamin B12, bile
Nutrients absorbed in colon - CORRECT ANSWER Sodium, potassium, water (9%),
acids and bases
, Intestinal microbiome - CORRECT ANSWER Numbers of bacteria increase from
proximal to distal GI tract
-Highest in colon
Multiple factors affect normal composition of bacterial flora
-Genetics, diet, environmental, drugs
-Alert immune system to protect against infection, assist in metabolism of various
compounds, and produce other compounds needed by body
Lipase - CORRECT ANSWER Produced by pancreas and beaks down triglycerides
Amylase - CORRECT ANSWER Enzyme in saliva that breaks the chemical bonds in
starches
Pepsin - CORRECT ANSWER Produced by stomach and breaks down proteins
anorexia - CORRECT ANSWER loss of appetite despite physiologic stimuli that would
normally produce hunger
vomiting - CORRECT ANSWER expelling matter from the stomach and intestines
through the mouth
constipation - CORRECT ANSWER Hard, slow stools that are difficult to eliminate;
often a result of too little fiber in the diet
diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER frequent passage of loose, watery stools more then 3
x per day
visceral pain - CORRECT ANSWER a poorly localized, dull, or diffuse pain that arises
from the abdominal organs, or viscera, usually epigastric, mid abdomen, or lower
abdomen
Parietal pain (somatic pain) - CORRECT ANSWER localized, intense, sharp, constant
pain associated with irritation of the peritoneum
referred pain - CORRECT ANSWER pain that is felt in a location other than where the
pain originates, visceral pain
hematemesis - CORRECT ANSWER blood in vomit
hematochezia - CORRECT ANSWER blood in stool
melena - CORRECT ANSWER Black tarry stool
dysphagia - CORRECT ANSWER condition in which swallowing is difficult or painful
GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM EXAM
QUESTIONS & VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS PASSED
Phases of swallowing - CORRECT ANSWER oropharyngeal (voluntary)-oral prep,
epiglotis closes, movement of tongue and pharyngeal constrictors propel food into
esophagus
esophageal (involuntary)-bolus transported ny esophagus to stomach by peristalsis,
esophageal sphincter relaxes to allow food into stomach
Pathway of digestion - CORRECT ANSWER mouth, esophagus, stomach, small
intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus
Process of digestion - CORRECT ANSWER 1-Mouth creates a bolus
2-swallowing propels bolus through esophagus into stomach
3-stomach creates chyme by adding digestive juices to the bolus, and propels the
chyme into the small intestine
4-in small intestine absorption occurs through villi which secretes digestive enzymes
and absorbs all major nutrients, peristalsis moves chyme through and into large
intestine
5-absorption and epithelial transport occur in the beginning of the colon as fecal mass
passes through, once it reaches the sigmoid colon it is entirely waste and passes
through the rectum
Nutrients absorbs in stomach - CORRECT ANSWER Alcohol (20%)
Nutrients absorbed in duodenum - CORRECT ANSWER Calcium, magnesium, iron,
some carbs
Nutrients absorbed in jejunum - CORRECT ANSWER Carbs, fat soluble vitamins,
water soluble vitamins, amino acids, alcohol (80%), fats, sodium, potassium, water
(90%)
Nutrients absorbed in ileum - CORRECT ANSWER Vitamin B12, bile
Nutrients absorbed in colon - CORRECT ANSWER Sodium, potassium, water (9%),
acids and bases
, Intestinal microbiome - CORRECT ANSWER Numbers of bacteria increase from
proximal to distal GI tract
-Highest in colon
Multiple factors affect normal composition of bacterial flora
-Genetics, diet, environmental, drugs
-Alert immune system to protect against infection, assist in metabolism of various
compounds, and produce other compounds needed by body
Lipase - CORRECT ANSWER Produced by pancreas and beaks down triglycerides
Amylase - CORRECT ANSWER Enzyme in saliva that breaks the chemical bonds in
starches
Pepsin - CORRECT ANSWER Produced by stomach and breaks down proteins
anorexia - CORRECT ANSWER loss of appetite despite physiologic stimuli that would
normally produce hunger
vomiting - CORRECT ANSWER expelling matter from the stomach and intestines
through the mouth
constipation - CORRECT ANSWER Hard, slow stools that are difficult to eliminate;
often a result of too little fiber in the diet
diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER frequent passage of loose, watery stools more then 3
x per day
visceral pain - CORRECT ANSWER a poorly localized, dull, or diffuse pain that arises
from the abdominal organs, or viscera, usually epigastric, mid abdomen, or lower
abdomen
Parietal pain (somatic pain) - CORRECT ANSWER localized, intense, sharp, constant
pain associated with irritation of the peritoneum
referred pain - CORRECT ANSWER pain that is felt in a location other than where the
pain originates, visceral pain
hematemesis - CORRECT ANSWER blood in vomit
hematochezia - CORRECT ANSWER blood in stool
melena - CORRECT ANSWER Black tarry stool
dysphagia - CORRECT ANSWER condition in which swallowing is difficult or painful
