CETP VOICE DISORDERS KEY EXAM STUDY
SHEET 2026
◉ voice disorder - 2 categories. Answer: organic and functional
◉ voice disorder - organic (2). Answer: structural and neurogenic
◉ voice disorder - organic - structural. Answer: physical changes in
vocal mechanisms (cysts, tumour, trauma, hemorrhage, stenosis)
◉ voice disorder - organic - neurogenic. Answer: innervation to
structures is impaired (parkinson's, ALS, VF paralysis/paresis)
◉ voice disorder - functional (2). Answer: misuse and psychogenic
◉ voice disorder - functional - misuse. Answer: normal structure,
improper use
(muscle tension dysphonia, vocal fatigue, hypofunctional -
incomplete VF closure, hyperfunctional - overuse)
,◉ voice disorder - functional - psychogenic. Answer: normal
structure, psychological cause
(conversion dysphonia/aphonia, depression, anxiety, stress
disorders)
◉ voice disorder - ax. Answer: case hx
auditory ax
perceptual ax
oral motor ax
respiration, articulation, resonance ax
instrumental imaging
◉ voice and resonance tx - types (2). Answer: physiological and
symptomatic
◉ voice tx - physiological. Answer: aim to modify the physiology of
the voice
◉ voice tx - symptomatic. Answer: aim to modify disordered vocal
symptoms
,◉ Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT). Answer: developed for
Parkinson's
intensive high-frequency tx program
improve vocal fold adduction and speech production
requires certification
◉ Phonation Resistance (PhoRTE). Answer: adapted for LSVT
/a/ loud maximum sustained phonation
/a/ loud ascending and descending pitch glides
functional phrases with loud volume+high pitch
functional phrases with loud volume+low pitch
◉ vocal function. Answer: vocal function exercises - strengthening
muscles to improve voice production
◉ relaxation. Answer: for hyperfunctional voice
relaxation techniques to reduce laryngeal tension
yawn-sigh, minimize vocal hyperfunction tension, relax voice +
improve pitch
, ◉ resonance. Answer: surgery, prosthesis, medical management,
speech therapy
◉ voice dx/ax - informal ax - components of voice (4). Answer:
characteristics
resonance
respiration
intelligibility
◉ voice informal ax - characteristics. Answer: acoustic and
perceptual vocal characteristics (loudness, quality, pitch)
◉ voice informal ax - resonance (8). Answer: hypernasal?
hyponasal?
cul-de-sac?
mixed?
VP dysfunction?
VP insufficiency?
VP incompetence?
VP mislearning?
SHEET 2026
◉ voice disorder - 2 categories. Answer: organic and functional
◉ voice disorder - organic (2). Answer: structural and neurogenic
◉ voice disorder - organic - structural. Answer: physical changes in
vocal mechanisms (cysts, tumour, trauma, hemorrhage, stenosis)
◉ voice disorder - organic - neurogenic. Answer: innervation to
structures is impaired (parkinson's, ALS, VF paralysis/paresis)
◉ voice disorder - functional (2). Answer: misuse and psychogenic
◉ voice disorder - functional - misuse. Answer: normal structure,
improper use
(muscle tension dysphonia, vocal fatigue, hypofunctional -
incomplete VF closure, hyperfunctional - overuse)
,◉ voice disorder - functional - psychogenic. Answer: normal
structure, psychological cause
(conversion dysphonia/aphonia, depression, anxiety, stress
disorders)
◉ voice disorder - ax. Answer: case hx
auditory ax
perceptual ax
oral motor ax
respiration, articulation, resonance ax
instrumental imaging
◉ voice and resonance tx - types (2). Answer: physiological and
symptomatic
◉ voice tx - physiological. Answer: aim to modify the physiology of
the voice
◉ voice tx - symptomatic. Answer: aim to modify disordered vocal
symptoms
,◉ Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT). Answer: developed for
Parkinson's
intensive high-frequency tx program
improve vocal fold adduction and speech production
requires certification
◉ Phonation Resistance (PhoRTE). Answer: adapted for LSVT
/a/ loud maximum sustained phonation
/a/ loud ascending and descending pitch glides
functional phrases with loud volume+high pitch
functional phrases with loud volume+low pitch
◉ vocal function. Answer: vocal function exercises - strengthening
muscles to improve voice production
◉ relaxation. Answer: for hyperfunctional voice
relaxation techniques to reduce laryngeal tension
yawn-sigh, minimize vocal hyperfunction tension, relax voice +
improve pitch
, ◉ resonance. Answer: surgery, prosthesis, medical management,
speech therapy
◉ voice dx/ax - informal ax - components of voice (4). Answer:
characteristics
resonance
respiration
intelligibility
◉ voice informal ax - characteristics. Answer: acoustic and
perceptual vocal characteristics (loudness, quality, pitch)
◉ voice informal ax - resonance (8). Answer: hypernasal?
hyponasal?
cul-de-sac?
mixed?
VP dysfunction?
VP insufficiency?
VP incompetence?
VP mislearning?
