PSYC 1F90 Unit 3 Exam Questions with Verified Solutions Latest Update 2026/2027
What is learning? - Answers Relatively permanent changes in behaviour and knowledge stored in
long-term memory (LTM).
What is classical conditioning? - Answers A learning process where a neutral stimulus becomes
associated with a meaningful stimulus.
Who is Ivan Pavlov? - Answers A psychologist known for his work in classical conditioning,
particularly with dogs.
What is the unconditioned stimulus (US) in Pavlov's experiment? - Answers Food, which
naturally elicits salivation in dogs.
What is the unconditioned response (UR) in Pavlov's experiment? - Answers Salivation in
response to food.
What role does the neutral stimulus (NS) play in classical conditioning? - Answers It initially
does not elicit a response until paired with the unconditioned stimulus.
What becomes the conditioned stimulus (CS) after conditioning? - Answers The neutral
stimulus (e.g., bell) that now elicits a response after being paired with the US.
What is the conditioned response (CR)? - Answers The learned response to the conditioned
stimulus, which is similar to the unconditioned response.
How does classical conditioning relate to consumer behavior? - Answers Brands can become
associated with positive feelings through celebrity endorsements.
What is operant conditioning? - Answers A learning process where behaviour is influenced by its
consequences.
Who is BF Skinner? - Answers A psychologist known for his research on operant conditioning
using the Skinner Box.
What is reinforcement in operant conditioning? - Answers A consequence that increases the
likelihood of a behaviour occurring again.
What is positive reinforcement? - Answers Providing a good outcome to increase the likelihood
of a behaviour.
What is negative reinforcement? - Answers Removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase the
likelihood of a behaviour.
What is punishment in operant conditioning? - Answers A consequence that decreases the
likelihood of a behaviour occurring again.
What is learning? - Answers Relatively permanent changes in behaviour and knowledge stored in
long-term memory (LTM).
What is classical conditioning? - Answers A learning process where a neutral stimulus becomes
associated with a meaningful stimulus.
Who is Ivan Pavlov? - Answers A psychologist known for his work in classical conditioning,
particularly with dogs.
What is the unconditioned stimulus (US) in Pavlov's experiment? - Answers Food, which
naturally elicits salivation in dogs.
What is the unconditioned response (UR) in Pavlov's experiment? - Answers Salivation in
response to food.
What role does the neutral stimulus (NS) play in classical conditioning? - Answers It initially
does not elicit a response until paired with the unconditioned stimulus.
What becomes the conditioned stimulus (CS) after conditioning? - Answers The neutral
stimulus (e.g., bell) that now elicits a response after being paired with the US.
What is the conditioned response (CR)? - Answers The learned response to the conditioned
stimulus, which is similar to the unconditioned response.
How does classical conditioning relate to consumer behavior? - Answers Brands can become
associated with positive feelings through celebrity endorsements.
What is operant conditioning? - Answers A learning process where behaviour is influenced by its
consequences.
Who is BF Skinner? - Answers A psychologist known for his research on operant conditioning
using the Skinner Box.
What is reinforcement in operant conditioning? - Answers A consequence that increases the
likelihood of a behaviour occurring again.
What is positive reinforcement? - Answers Providing a good outcome to increase the likelihood
of a behaviour.
What is negative reinforcement? - Answers Removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase the
likelihood of a behaviour.
What is punishment in operant conditioning? - Answers A consequence that decreases the
likelihood of a behaviour occurring again.
