,Chapter 01: Microbes Shape Our History
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
+i
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. nitrogen fixation +i c. synthesis of vitamins +i +i
b. production of fermented foods +i d. causative agents of disease
+i +i + i +i +i +i
ANS: D +i DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i C: Reme
+i
mbering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. fungi.
+ i c. virus.
b. E. coli.
+ i +i d. algae.
ANS: C +i DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i +i MSC: Applying +i +i +i +i +i
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. +i
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
+ i +i
ANS: B +i DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i +i MSC: Applying +i +i +i +i +i
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
+ i
ANS: D +i DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i +iMSC: Applying +i +i +i +i +i
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
+i +i
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
+i + i +i
ANS: C +i DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i +iMSC: Applying +i +i +i +i +i
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. the absence of proteins
+i +i +i
b. the presence of DNA
+i +i +i
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
+i +i +i +i
d. the presence of a cell wall
+i +i +i +i +i
ANS: C +i DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i +iMSC: Remembering +i +i +i +i +i
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i losel
y related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. physical characteristics +i c. DNA sequence comparison +i +i
b. method of reproduction +i +i d. environmental habitat + i +i
ANS: C +i DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i +iMSC: Applying +i +i +i +i +i
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli +i
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D +i DIF: Moderate REF: + i 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i e thre
+i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i MSC: Understanding
+i +i +i +i +i +i
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi + i
ANS: A + i DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i MSC: Understanding
+i +i +i +i +i +i
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses + i +i
ANS: B +i DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i e thre
+i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i MSC: Understanding
+i +i +i +i +i +i
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess of a
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i +i
n organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that targe
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
ts cellular metabolic enzymes?
+i +i +i
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba +i +i
b. Herpes virus +i d. bread mold + i +i
ANS: B +i DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: Anal
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
yzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
+ i +i c. Robert Hooke
+i +i
b. Catherine of Siena
+ i +i d. Louis Pasteur
+i +i
ANS: C +i DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 +i
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MSC:
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
Remembering
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi nfection.
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
ANS: D +i DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 +i
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC:
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
Understanding
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. vinegar eels +i c. mold filaments +i
b. dust mites +i d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis +i
ANS: D +i DIF: Moderate REF: + i 1.2
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE
+i
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. nitrogen fixation +i c. synthesis of vitamins +i +i
b. production of fermented foods +i d. causative agents of disease
+i +i + i +i +i +i
ANS: D +i DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i C: Reme
+i
mbering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. fungi.
+ i c. virus.
b. E. coli.
+ i +i d. algae.
ANS: C +i DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i +i MSC: Applying +i +i +i +i +i
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. +i
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
+ i +i
ANS: B +i DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i +i MSC: Applying +i +i +i +i +i
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
+ i
ANS: D +i DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i +iMSC: Applying +i +i +i +i +i
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
+i +i
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
+i + i +i
ANS: C +i DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i +iMSC: Applying +i +i +i +i +i
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. the absence of proteins
+i +i +i
b. the presence of DNA
+i +i +i
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
+i +i +i +i
d. the presence of a cell wall
+i +i +i +i +i
ANS: C +i DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i +iMSC: Remembering +i +i +i +i +i
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i losel
y related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. physical characteristics +i c. DNA sequence comparison +i +i
b. method of reproduction +i +i d. environmental habitat + i +i
ANS: C +i DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i +iMSC: Applying +i +i +i +i +i
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli +i
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D +i DIF: Moderate REF: + i 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i e thre
+i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i MSC: Understanding
+i +i +i +i +i +i
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi + i
ANS: A + i DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i MSC: Understanding
+i +i +i +i +i +i
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses + i +i
ANS: B +i DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i e thre
+i
e domains have in common and how they differ.
+i +i +i MSC: Understanding
+i +i +i +i +i +i
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess of a
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i +i
n organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that targe
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
ts cellular metabolic enzymes?
+i +i +i
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba +i +i
b. Herpes virus +i d. bread mold + i +i
ANS: B +i DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 +i
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: Anal
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
yzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
+ i +i c. Robert Hooke
+i +i
b. Catherine of Siena
+ i +i d. Louis Pasteur
+i +i
ANS: C +i DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 +i
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MSC:
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
Remembering
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi nfection.
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
ANS: D +i DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 +i
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC:
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i + i +i
Understanding
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
+i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i +i
a. vinegar eels +i c. mold filaments +i
b. dust mites +i d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis +i
ANS: D +i DIF: Moderate REF: + i 1.2
