MGMT 363 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Organizational Behavior - Answers -A field of study devoted to understanding,
explaining, and ultimately improving the attitudes and behaviors of individuals and
groups in organizations
What are the two primary individual outcomes with which OB is concerned? - Answers -
Job performance (what are the outcomes of an individual's efforts)
Organizational Commitment (to what degree are members attached to the organization)
What are the five individual mechanisms? - Answers -Job satisfaction (how they feel
about their work)
Stress (responses of employees to demands might exceed capabilities)
Motivation (compel employees to act in a goal directed manner)
Trust/justice/ethics (fairness, honesty, integrity in the org)
Learning/decision making (how employees acquire knowledge and choose alternatives)
What are the two individual characteristics? - Answers -Ability (cognitive, emotional,
physical capabilities of employees)
Personality/cultural values (traits, attitudes, and behaviors that influence behavior)
What are the four group mechanisms? - Answers -Leadership styles & behaviors (how
leaders influence followers)
Leadership power & negotiation (how individuals influence others)
Team processes & communication (how team works towards common goal)
Team characteristics & diversity (composition of work team)
What are the two organizational mechanisms? - Answers -Organizational structure:
how work groups are associated with each other and how lines of authority flow
Organizational culture: shared values and beliefs of the org and how they influence
behavior
What is the 1/8th rule? - Answers -1/2 think there's a relationship between how they
treat their employees and profits; 1/2 who see the connection only make one change
, rather than a comprehensive approach; 1/2 who make a comprehensive approach stick
to it long enough for it to last
What are the four ways that we "know" something? - Answers -Experience, intuition,
authority, science
Be familiar with the scientific method. - Answers -Theory: based on assertions on why
or why not variables are related
Hypotheses: statements regarding the variable relationships
Data: collect info to test hypotheses
Verification: use statistical methods to determine if hypothesized relationships are
supported
How do we measure relationships between variables? - Answers -Correlation (0.5
strong, 0.3 moderate, 0.10 low but can be important)
How do we prove causality? - Answers -Correlation, temporal precedence, and
elimination of alternative explanations
How do meta-analyses reinforce what we know? - Answers -Over time, studies
examining the relationship between 2 variables using different samples are averaged
together to find a more accurate result
What is job performance? - Answers -The value of the set of employee behaviors that
contribute, either positively or negatively, to organizational goal accomplishment
Which is more important regarding performance? Behaviors or outcomes? - Answers -
Behavior
What are the three types of performance? - Answers -Task performance (behaviors
involved in transforming organizational resources into goods/services)
Citizenship behavior (voluntary activities that contribute to organization)
Counterproductive behavior (hinder organizational goal accomplishment)
What are the three types of task performance? How do we know what types of tasks are
associated with a job? - Answers -Routine: well known responses to demands that
occur in a normal, routine, predictable way (flight attendant)
Adaptive: responses to task demands that are novel, unusual, or unpredictable
(waitress)
Organizational Behavior - Answers -A field of study devoted to understanding,
explaining, and ultimately improving the attitudes and behaviors of individuals and
groups in organizations
What are the two primary individual outcomes with which OB is concerned? - Answers -
Job performance (what are the outcomes of an individual's efforts)
Organizational Commitment (to what degree are members attached to the organization)
What are the five individual mechanisms? - Answers -Job satisfaction (how they feel
about their work)
Stress (responses of employees to demands might exceed capabilities)
Motivation (compel employees to act in a goal directed manner)
Trust/justice/ethics (fairness, honesty, integrity in the org)
Learning/decision making (how employees acquire knowledge and choose alternatives)
What are the two individual characteristics? - Answers -Ability (cognitive, emotional,
physical capabilities of employees)
Personality/cultural values (traits, attitudes, and behaviors that influence behavior)
What are the four group mechanisms? - Answers -Leadership styles & behaviors (how
leaders influence followers)
Leadership power & negotiation (how individuals influence others)
Team processes & communication (how team works towards common goal)
Team characteristics & diversity (composition of work team)
What are the two organizational mechanisms? - Answers -Organizational structure:
how work groups are associated with each other and how lines of authority flow
Organizational culture: shared values and beliefs of the org and how they influence
behavior
What is the 1/8th rule? - Answers -1/2 think there's a relationship between how they
treat their employees and profits; 1/2 who see the connection only make one change
, rather than a comprehensive approach; 1/2 who make a comprehensive approach stick
to it long enough for it to last
What are the four ways that we "know" something? - Answers -Experience, intuition,
authority, science
Be familiar with the scientific method. - Answers -Theory: based on assertions on why
or why not variables are related
Hypotheses: statements regarding the variable relationships
Data: collect info to test hypotheses
Verification: use statistical methods to determine if hypothesized relationships are
supported
How do we measure relationships between variables? - Answers -Correlation (0.5
strong, 0.3 moderate, 0.10 low but can be important)
How do we prove causality? - Answers -Correlation, temporal precedence, and
elimination of alternative explanations
How do meta-analyses reinforce what we know? - Answers -Over time, studies
examining the relationship between 2 variables using different samples are averaged
together to find a more accurate result
What is job performance? - Answers -The value of the set of employee behaviors that
contribute, either positively or negatively, to organizational goal accomplishment
Which is more important regarding performance? Behaviors or outcomes? - Answers -
Behavior
What are the three types of performance? - Answers -Task performance (behaviors
involved in transforming organizational resources into goods/services)
Citizenship behavior (voluntary activities that contribute to organization)
Counterproductive behavior (hinder organizational goal accomplishment)
What are the three types of task performance? How do we know what types of tasks are
associated with a job? - Answers -Routine: well known responses to demands that
occur in a normal, routine, predictable way (flight attendant)
Adaptive: responses to task demands that are novel, unusual, or unpredictable
(waitress)
