PSYCH 101 DOMINATED: THE A+
BLUEPRINT FOR INTRO TO PSYCHOLOGY
SUCCESS – 2026/2027
Types of Neyrons - THE CORRECT ANSWER-1. Sensory or afferent
neurons
- Carry messages towards the brain.
2. Interneurons
- Carry messages between nerve cells (inside brain).
- Carry messages between afferent and efferent.
3. Motor or efferent neurons
- Carry messages away from brain.
Central Nervous System (CNS) - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Composed of
the brain and spinal chord.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Connects
the central nervous system to the rest of the body. It consists of
two divisions. Each has two subdivisions.
Two parts of the Peripheral Nervous System - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-1. The Somatic Division of PNS
- Somatic nervous system: Organ System
- carries signals that regulate the internal organs that preform
functions such as digestion, heart rate and reparation.
,- Afferent Sensory System: Motor System
-sends messages to the brain and efferent sends messages to
the muscles to act on them.
2. The Autonomic Division of PNS
(carries signals that regulate internal organs)
- Sympathetic division
- "fight or flight" system, arouses the heart, lungs and other
organs in stressful situations.
- Parasympathetic division
- returns body to its calm state
The Cerebral Cortex - THE CORRECT ANSWER-- Two cerebral
hemispheres are connected by fibers (corpus callosum)
- Cerebrum accounts for 2/3 the brain's total mass.
- Cerebral cortex is wrinkled to allow billions of cells to squeeze
into the tight space inside the skull.
Sensation and Perception - THE CORRECT ANSWER-1. Information
(stimuli)
2. Sensation
(raw data is processed by sensory receptors)
3. Perception
(sensations are processed in the brain and assigned meaning)
,Transduction - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Sensory process that converts
the information carried by a physical stimulus such as light or
sound waves into the form of neural messages.
(physical - thought pattern)
Vision - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Helps us to detect desired targets,
threats and changes in our physical environment.
Two Ways of Seeing Color - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Trichromatic
Theory
- Color is realized in the brain, color processing begins in the
retina.
- Light waves are sensed as red, green and blue.
Opponent-Process Theory
- Negative afterimages.
- Phenomena that involves opponent or complementary colors.
Hearing - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Helps with the ability to locate
objects in a space.
Position and Movement - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Kinesthetic
- sense of body and movement
Vestibular
- keeps track of balance
, Smell - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Olfaction
-physical process of odor detection
Pheromones - THE CORRECT ANSWER-- Some animals communicate
wit each other by secreting and detecting odoriferous
substances.
Taste - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Gustation
- Chemical based physical process leading to taste.
Gustation: Five Primary Qualities - THE CORRECT ANSWER-1. Sweet
2. Sour
3. Bitter
4. Salty
5. Umami (protein rich foods)
Skin Senses - THE CORRECT ANSWER-The skin is a sense organ
containing nerve endings, that when stimulated, produce
sensations of touch (pain, warmth and cold).
Top-Down Processing - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Past experience,
knowledge and expectation memory, motivation or cultural
background guide our perceptions of objects or events.
Bottom-Up Processing - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Stimuli/sensations
that exert a strong influence on our perception.
BLUEPRINT FOR INTRO TO PSYCHOLOGY
SUCCESS – 2026/2027
Types of Neyrons - THE CORRECT ANSWER-1. Sensory or afferent
neurons
- Carry messages towards the brain.
2. Interneurons
- Carry messages between nerve cells (inside brain).
- Carry messages between afferent and efferent.
3. Motor or efferent neurons
- Carry messages away from brain.
Central Nervous System (CNS) - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Composed of
the brain and spinal chord.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Connects
the central nervous system to the rest of the body. It consists of
two divisions. Each has two subdivisions.
Two parts of the Peripheral Nervous System - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-1. The Somatic Division of PNS
- Somatic nervous system: Organ System
- carries signals that regulate the internal organs that preform
functions such as digestion, heart rate and reparation.
,- Afferent Sensory System: Motor System
-sends messages to the brain and efferent sends messages to
the muscles to act on them.
2. The Autonomic Division of PNS
(carries signals that regulate internal organs)
- Sympathetic division
- "fight or flight" system, arouses the heart, lungs and other
organs in stressful situations.
- Parasympathetic division
- returns body to its calm state
The Cerebral Cortex - THE CORRECT ANSWER-- Two cerebral
hemispheres are connected by fibers (corpus callosum)
- Cerebrum accounts for 2/3 the brain's total mass.
- Cerebral cortex is wrinkled to allow billions of cells to squeeze
into the tight space inside the skull.
Sensation and Perception - THE CORRECT ANSWER-1. Information
(stimuli)
2. Sensation
(raw data is processed by sensory receptors)
3. Perception
(sensations are processed in the brain and assigned meaning)
,Transduction - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Sensory process that converts
the information carried by a physical stimulus such as light or
sound waves into the form of neural messages.
(physical - thought pattern)
Vision - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Helps us to detect desired targets,
threats and changes in our physical environment.
Two Ways of Seeing Color - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Trichromatic
Theory
- Color is realized in the brain, color processing begins in the
retina.
- Light waves are sensed as red, green and blue.
Opponent-Process Theory
- Negative afterimages.
- Phenomena that involves opponent or complementary colors.
Hearing - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Helps with the ability to locate
objects in a space.
Position and Movement - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Kinesthetic
- sense of body and movement
Vestibular
- keeps track of balance
, Smell - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Olfaction
-physical process of odor detection
Pheromones - THE CORRECT ANSWER-- Some animals communicate
wit each other by secreting and detecting odoriferous
substances.
Taste - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Gustation
- Chemical based physical process leading to taste.
Gustation: Five Primary Qualities - THE CORRECT ANSWER-1. Sweet
2. Sour
3. Bitter
4. Salty
5. Umami (protein rich foods)
Skin Senses - THE CORRECT ANSWER-The skin is a sense organ
containing nerve endings, that when stimulated, produce
sensations of touch (pain, warmth and cold).
Top-Down Processing - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Past experience,
knowledge and expectation memory, motivation or cultural
background guide our perceptions of objects or events.
Bottom-Up Processing - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Stimuli/sensations
that exert a strong influence on our perception.
