PEDS EXAM 1 STUDYGUIDE EXAM WITH
CORRECT ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS
LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+ 2026
_____ is characterized by the usual progression of normal
puberty, just earlier affecting girls 10-20x more than boys.
1) Etiology?
2) Peripheral causes?
Central Precocious Puberty
1) CNS tumors, CNS lesions, hx of radiation, severe
hypothyroid, CAH
2) ovarian cyst/tumor, Leydig cell tumor, HcG secreting germ
cell tumor, premature leydig cell maturation, adrenal tumor,
______ causes precocious puberty due to over secretion of
estrogens by ovaries or androgens in males.
Signs/symptoms include Cafe au lait macules & fibrous bone
dysplasia
McCune-Albright Syndrome
______ is an autosomal dominant disorder that is resistant
to growth hormone. Causes mild facies (eye slant, low-set
,ears) and can cause cardiac disease (pulmonary stenosis&
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)
Noonan Syndrome
______ is characterized by hypotonia, small hands/feet,
obesity with increased appetite, developmental delay, &
hypogonadism
Prader Willi
______ is characterized by retinitis pigmentosa,
hypogonadism, & developmental delay
Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome
_______ is characterized by IUGR, poor infantile growth,
triangular face, downturned corners of the mouth,
hemihypertrophy, & possible developmental delay
Russell Silver
1) _______ is the term used for a small or absent choana
that causes cyanosis with feeding.
2) What is it called when a patient has the following:
- Coloboma of eye (iris defect)
- Heart abnormality
- Atresia of choanae
- Retarded growth/development
- Genital hypoplasia
- Ear anomalies/deafness
,1) Choanal Atresia / Stenosis
2) CHARGE syndrome
______ is characterized by a thin layer of tissue across the
lumen throughout the trachea & can cause SOB/stridor.
1) If this occurs at the level of the vocal cords, how can the
symptom presentation change?
2) What is the gold-standard for diagnosis & possible
treatment?
Webs
1) Dysphonia
2) Rigid bronchoscopy
_____ is caused by the collapse of the epiglottis with
inspiration causing a "honking goose" noise, but usually
resolves by 18-24 months. When is surgical correction
indicated?
Laryngomalacia ("honking goose"); if it causes frequent
illness or fails to resolve
______ can be congenital or caused by prolonged intubation
leading to biphasic stridor. Treatment?
Subglottic stenosis; surgical repair
_______ causes partial or circumferential compression of
the trachea which can present as expiratory stridor,
recurrent cough, Recurrent bronchopulmonary infections, &
, dysphagia
1) When will this become more noticeable?
2) Diagnosis?
3) Treatment?
Vascular Ring (double aortic arch wraps around trachea)
Pulmonary Sling (anomalous left pulmonary artery goes
behind the trachea & lifts it up)
1) At age 4-6 months when solid food intake begins
2) Bronchoscopy, CT, MRI
3) Surgical repair to re-route the structure
_______ is an abnormal connection of the esophagus to the
trachea. It can present as a cough +/- cyanosis with feeding
& can cause recurrent pneumonia.
1) What is the most common presentation?
2) Diagnosis?
Tracheoesophageal Fistula
1) esophageal atresia with distal fistula
2) Barium swallow or bronchoscopy
CORRECT ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS
LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+ 2026
_____ is characterized by the usual progression of normal
puberty, just earlier affecting girls 10-20x more than boys.
1) Etiology?
2) Peripheral causes?
Central Precocious Puberty
1) CNS tumors, CNS lesions, hx of radiation, severe
hypothyroid, CAH
2) ovarian cyst/tumor, Leydig cell tumor, HcG secreting germ
cell tumor, premature leydig cell maturation, adrenal tumor,
______ causes precocious puberty due to over secretion of
estrogens by ovaries or androgens in males.
Signs/symptoms include Cafe au lait macules & fibrous bone
dysplasia
McCune-Albright Syndrome
______ is an autosomal dominant disorder that is resistant
to growth hormone. Causes mild facies (eye slant, low-set
,ears) and can cause cardiac disease (pulmonary stenosis&
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)
Noonan Syndrome
______ is characterized by hypotonia, small hands/feet,
obesity with increased appetite, developmental delay, &
hypogonadism
Prader Willi
______ is characterized by retinitis pigmentosa,
hypogonadism, & developmental delay
Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome
_______ is characterized by IUGR, poor infantile growth,
triangular face, downturned corners of the mouth,
hemihypertrophy, & possible developmental delay
Russell Silver
1) _______ is the term used for a small or absent choana
that causes cyanosis with feeding.
2) What is it called when a patient has the following:
- Coloboma of eye (iris defect)
- Heart abnormality
- Atresia of choanae
- Retarded growth/development
- Genital hypoplasia
- Ear anomalies/deafness
,1) Choanal Atresia / Stenosis
2) CHARGE syndrome
______ is characterized by a thin layer of tissue across the
lumen throughout the trachea & can cause SOB/stridor.
1) If this occurs at the level of the vocal cords, how can the
symptom presentation change?
2) What is the gold-standard for diagnosis & possible
treatment?
Webs
1) Dysphonia
2) Rigid bronchoscopy
_____ is caused by the collapse of the epiglottis with
inspiration causing a "honking goose" noise, but usually
resolves by 18-24 months. When is surgical correction
indicated?
Laryngomalacia ("honking goose"); if it causes frequent
illness or fails to resolve
______ can be congenital or caused by prolonged intubation
leading to biphasic stridor. Treatment?
Subglottic stenosis; surgical repair
_______ causes partial or circumferential compression of
the trachea which can present as expiratory stridor,
recurrent cough, Recurrent bronchopulmonary infections, &
, dysphagia
1) When will this become more noticeable?
2) Diagnosis?
3) Treatment?
Vascular Ring (double aortic arch wraps around trachea)
Pulmonary Sling (anomalous left pulmonary artery goes
behind the trachea & lifts it up)
1) At age 4-6 months when solid food intake begins
2) Bronchoscopy, CT, MRI
3) Surgical repair to re-route the structure
_______ is an abnormal connection of the esophagus to the
trachea. It can present as a cough +/- cyanosis with feeding
& can cause recurrent pneumonia.
1) What is the most common presentation?
2) Diagnosis?
Tracheoesophageal Fistula
1) esophageal atresia with distal fistula
2) Barium swallow or bronchoscopy
