CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF
GASTROENTERITIS AND POSSIBLE RENAL
INJURY COMPREHENSIVE SCRIPT 2026 FULL
SOLUTION STUDY GUIDE
◉ The patient admitted to the intensive care unit after a motor
vehicle accident has been diagnosed with AKI. Which finding
indicates the onset of oliguria resulting from AKI?
A. Urine output less than 1000 mL for the past 24 hours
B. Urine output less than 800 mL for the past 24 hours
C. Urine output less than 600 mL for the past 24 hours
D. Urine output less than 400 mL for the past 24 hours Answer: D.
Urine output less than 400 mL for the past 24 hours
The most common initial manifestation of AKI is oliguria, a
reduction to urine output to less than 400 mL/day.
◉ The patient in the oliguric phase of AKI excreted 300 mL of urine
in addition to 100 mL of other losses during the past 24 hours. With
appropriate calculations, you determine that for the next 24 hours
the patient's fluid allocation is
A. 600 mL.
B. 800 mL.
C. 1000 mL.
, D. 1200 mL. Answer: C. 1000 mL.
Fluid intake must be closely monitored during the oliguric phase.
The rule for calculating the fluid restriction is to add all losses for
the previous 24 hours to 600 mL for insensible losses.
◉ Your plan for care of a patient with AKI includes which goal of
dietary management?
A. Provide sufficient calories while preventing nitrogen excess.
B. Deliver adequate calories while restricting fat and protein intake.
C. Replace protein intake with enough fat intake to sustain
metabolism.
D. Restrict fluids, increase potassium intake, and regulate sodium
intake. Answer: A. Provide sufficient calories while preventing
nitrogen excess.
The challenge of nutrition management in AKI is to provide
adequate calories to prevent catabolism despite the restrictions
required to prevent electrolyte and fluid disorders and azotemia
(accumulation of nitrogen and wastes in blood).
◉ For the patient with AKI, which laboratory result would cause you
the greatest concern?
A. Potassium level of 5.9 mEq/L
B. BUN level of 25 mg/dL
C. Sodium level of 144 mEq/L
GASTROENTERITIS AND POSSIBLE RENAL
INJURY COMPREHENSIVE SCRIPT 2026 FULL
SOLUTION STUDY GUIDE
◉ The patient admitted to the intensive care unit after a motor
vehicle accident has been diagnosed with AKI. Which finding
indicates the onset of oliguria resulting from AKI?
A. Urine output less than 1000 mL for the past 24 hours
B. Urine output less than 800 mL for the past 24 hours
C. Urine output less than 600 mL for the past 24 hours
D. Urine output less than 400 mL for the past 24 hours Answer: D.
Urine output less than 400 mL for the past 24 hours
The most common initial manifestation of AKI is oliguria, a
reduction to urine output to less than 400 mL/day.
◉ The patient in the oliguric phase of AKI excreted 300 mL of urine
in addition to 100 mL of other losses during the past 24 hours. With
appropriate calculations, you determine that for the next 24 hours
the patient's fluid allocation is
A. 600 mL.
B. 800 mL.
C. 1000 mL.
, D. 1200 mL. Answer: C. 1000 mL.
Fluid intake must be closely monitored during the oliguric phase.
The rule for calculating the fluid restriction is to add all losses for
the previous 24 hours to 600 mL for insensible losses.
◉ Your plan for care of a patient with AKI includes which goal of
dietary management?
A. Provide sufficient calories while preventing nitrogen excess.
B. Deliver adequate calories while restricting fat and protein intake.
C. Replace protein intake with enough fat intake to sustain
metabolism.
D. Restrict fluids, increase potassium intake, and regulate sodium
intake. Answer: A. Provide sufficient calories while preventing
nitrogen excess.
The challenge of nutrition management in AKI is to provide
adequate calories to prevent catabolism despite the restrictions
required to prevent electrolyte and fluid disorders and azotemia
(accumulation of nitrogen and wastes in blood).
◉ For the patient with AKI, which laboratory result would cause you
the greatest concern?
A. Potassium level of 5.9 mEq/L
B. BUN level of 25 mg/dL
C. Sodium level of 144 mEq/L
