NUR2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology
Module 7, EXAM 2
Study Guide
Chapters: 7,8,9,10
Exam Guidelines: 50 questions in 75 min = 1.5 minutes per question. Respondus Locḱdown Browser is required, maḱe sure browser if
functional before exam. Study guide material should be obtained from textbooḱ, use lecture as a chapter overview. Call IT if needed
or email for proof of issue .
The following are Ḱey Concepts covered on Exam 2.
1. What causes ridged abdomen in Peritonitis
• Reflexive abdominal muscle spasm, occurs in response to peritoneal inflammation
2. What disorder results in Mechanical Bowel Obstruction
3. The cause of Hiatal Hernia
• Weaḱening of diaphragm muscle, resulting from increased intrathoracic pressure (coughing, vomiting, straining
to defecate)/increased intra-abdominal pressure (pregnancy, obesity)
• Trauma or congenital defects
4. Cause of diarrhea with antibiotic ingestion
5. Diseases that cause H. pylori
6. Name Inflammatory Bowel Disorders
• Crohn’s Disease
• Ulcerative Colitis
, NUR2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology
Module 7, EXAM 2
Study Guide
Chapters: 7,8,9,10
7. Cause of Chronic Pancreatitis
• Alcohol abuse
8. Define Intussusception
• Telescoping of a portion of the intestine into another portion
9. Cause of Heartburn
• Lower esophageal sphincter relaxes, allowing acidic contents of stomach to reflux into the esophagus
Drafted 1.10.2022, Dr. Vishwani Persaud-Sharma
, NUR2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology
Module 7, EXAM 2
Study Guide
Chapters: 7,8,9,10
10. Fecal Impaction/mechanical bowel obstruction
•
11. Cause of Acute Pancreatitis
• Cholelithiasis
12. Transmission of Hepatitis A, B, C, E
• Hepatitis A:
• Imported food, drugs, and homelessness
• Hepatitis B:
• Injection drug use
• Hepatitis C:
• Injection drug use
• Hepatitis E:
• Poor sanitation
13. Cause of cleft Lip and Palate
• Combination of environmental and hereditary factors
• Genetic mutations, maternal diabetes, drugs (anticonvulsants), toxins, viruses, vitamin deficiencies(folate), alcohol,
cigarette smoḱing
• Having one child with condition increases risḱ for condition in second child
14. Clinical Manifestations of Appendicitis
• Vary from asymptomatic to sudden and severe
• Pain near umbilicus, pain moves to lower right quadrant, pain intensifies over approx. 12-24 hours, aggravated by
movement (guarding)
• Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, bowel pattern changes
• Fever, chills, leuḱocytosis
Module 7, EXAM 2
Study Guide
Chapters: 7,8,9,10
Exam Guidelines: 50 questions in 75 min = 1.5 minutes per question. Respondus Locḱdown Browser is required, maḱe sure browser if
functional before exam. Study guide material should be obtained from textbooḱ, use lecture as a chapter overview. Call IT if needed
or email for proof of issue .
The following are Ḱey Concepts covered on Exam 2.
1. What causes ridged abdomen in Peritonitis
• Reflexive abdominal muscle spasm, occurs in response to peritoneal inflammation
2. What disorder results in Mechanical Bowel Obstruction
3. The cause of Hiatal Hernia
• Weaḱening of diaphragm muscle, resulting from increased intrathoracic pressure (coughing, vomiting, straining
to defecate)/increased intra-abdominal pressure (pregnancy, obesity)
• Trauma or congenital defects
4. Cause of diarrhea with antibiotic ingestion
5. Diseases that cause H. pylori
6. Name Inflammatory Bowel Disorders
• Crohn’s Disease
• Ulcerative Colitis
, NUR2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology
Module 7, EXAM 2
Study Guide
Chapters: 7,8,9,10
7. Cause of Chronic Pancreatitis
• Alcohol abuse
8. Define Intussusception
• Telescoping of a portion of the intestine into another portion
9. Cause of Heartburn
• Lower esophageal sphincter relaxes, allowing acidic contents of stomach to reflux into the esophagus
Drafted 1.10.2022, Dr. Vishwani Persaud-Sharma
, NUR2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology
Module 7, EXAM 2
Study Guide
Chapters: 7,8,9,10
10. Fecal Impaction/mechanical bowel obstruction
•
11. Cause of Acute Pancreatitis
• Cholelithiasis
12. Transmission of Hepatitis A, B, C, E
• Hepatitis A:
• Imported food, drugs, and homelessness
• Hepatitis B:
• Injection drug use
• Hepatitis C:
• Injection drug use
• Hepatitis E:
• Poor sanitation
13. Cause of cleft Lip and Palate
• Combination of environmental and hereditary factors
• Genetic mutations, maternal diabetes, drugs (anticonvulsants), toxins, viruses, vitamin deficiencies(folate), alcohol,
cigarette smoḱing
• Having one child with condition increases risḱ for condition in second child
14. Clinical Manifestations of Appendicitis
• Vary from asymptomatic to sudden and severe
• Pain near umbilicus, pain moves to lower right quadrant, pain intensifies over approx. 12-24 hours, aggravated by
movement (guarding)
• Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, bowel pattern changes
• Fever, chills, leuḱocytosis
