(CHAPTERS 6-9) A&P I (DR TIANGCO, ECPI)
CERTIFICATION TEST BANK 2026 UPDATED
QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS
◉ Cartilage Tissue. Answer: Makes up skeletal cartilage, made up of
mostly water giving it its resilience
◉ Osteomalacia. Answer: Includes a number of disorders in which the
bone is not mineralized properly. Osteoid is produced but calcium salts
are not deposited, bones are weak, soft, and painful to stand on. Caused
by calcium and/or vitamin D (from sunlight) deficiency.
◉ Rickets. Answer: Childhood form of osteomalacia in which the
epiphyseal plates cannot be calcified and continue to widen. Ends of
long bones become enlarged and abnormally long, bowed legs,
deformities to the pelvis, skull and ribcage are common results. Casued
by vitamin D (from sunlight) deficiency.
◉ Osteoporosis. Answer: A group of diseases in which bone resorption
outpaces done deposit. The elderly, especially women are most
suseptable to disease (men have more testosterone). Spongy done of
spine and femur are suseptable. Cause hip fractures. The composition of
the matrix remains normal but bone mass decreases as it is porous.
,Caused by petite body form, insufficient exercise to stress bone, lack of
calcium and protein, smoking, hormone conditions, and males taking
androgen-suppressing drugs. treated by calcium and vitamin D
supplements, whieght bearing exercise, and hormone replacement
therapy.
◉ Paget's Disease. Answer: Excessive and haphazard bone deposit and
resorption. New bone has a high ratio of spongy bone to compact bone
which makes bones weak in spots. Late in disease, osteoclasts continue
to work while osteoblasts stop. The spine, pelvis, femur, and skull are
the most effected becoming deformed and painful. May be caused by a
virus.
◉ Nondisplaced Fracture. Answer: The ends of the bones retain normal
position, does not need "setting"
◉ Displaced Fracture. Answer: The ends of the bones are out of normal
alignment, needs to be "set"
◉ Complete Fracture. Answer: Bone is broken all the way through
◉ Incomplete Fracture. Answer: Bone not broken all the way through
◉ Open (Compound) Fracture. Answer: Skin is penetrated, you can see
bone
, ◉ Closed (simple) Fracture. Answer: Skin is not penetrated, can see the
bone
◉ Closed Reduction. Answer: Physician manipulates to correct positions
◉ Open Reduction. Answer: Surgical pins or wires secure ends
◉ Comminuted Fracture. Answer: Bone fragments into three or more
pieces. Common with old age when bones are brittle.
◉ Compression fracture. Answer: Bone is crushed. Common in porous
bones subjected to extreme trauma, as in fall (spinal cord compression
fracture -> shortening as someone ages)
◉ Spiral Fracture. Answer: Ragged break occurs when excessive
twisting forces are applied to a bone. Common sports injury.
◉ Epiphyseal Fracture. Answer: Epiphysis separates from the diaphysis
along the epiphyseal plate. Occurs where cartilage cells are dying and
calcification of matrix is occurring.
◉ Depressed Fracture. Answer: Broken bone portion is pressed inward.
Typical skull fracture.
CERTIFICATION TEST BANK 2026 UPDATED
QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS
◉ Cartilage Tissue. Answer: Makes up skeletal cartilage, made up of
mostly water giving it its resilience
◉ Osteomalacia. Answer: Includes a number of disorders in which the
bone is not mineralized properly. Osteoid is produced but calcium salts
are not deposited, bones are weak, soft, and painful to stand on. Caused
by calcium and/or vitamin D (from sunlight) deficiency.
◉ Rickets. Answer: Childhood form of osteomalacia in which the
epiphyseal plates cannot be calcified and continue to widen. Ends of
long bones become enlarged and abnormally long, bowed legs,
deformities to the pelvis, skull and ribcage are common results. Casued
by vitamin D (from sunlight) deficiency.
◉ Osteoporosis. Answer: A group of diseases in which bone resorption
outpaces done deposit. The elderly, especially women are most
suseptable to disease (men have more testosterone). Spongy done of
spine and femur are suseptable. Cause hip fractures. The composition of
the matrix remains normal but bone mass decreases as it is porous.
,Caused by petite body form, insufficient exercise to stress bone, lack of
calcium and protein, smoking, hormone conditions, and males taking
androgen-suppressing drugs. treated by calcium and vitamin D
supplements, whieght bearing exercise, and hormone replacement
therapy.
◉ Paget's Disease. Answer: Excessive and haphazard bone deposit and
resorption. New bone has a high ratio of spongy bone to compact bone
which makes bones weak in spots. Late in disease, osteoclasts continue
to work while osteoblasts stop. The spine, pelvis, femur, and skull are
the most effected becoming deformed and painful. May be caused by a
virus.
◉ Nondisplaced Fracture. Answer: The ends of the bones retain normal
position, does not need "setting"
◉ Displaced Fracture. Answer: The ends of the bones are out of normal
alignment, needs to be "set"
◉ Complete Fracture. Answer: Bone is broken all the way through
◉ Incomplete Fracture. Answer: Bone not broken all the way through
◉ Open (Compound) Fracture. Answer: Skin is penetrated, you can see
bone
, ◉ Closed (simple) Fracture. Answer: Skin is not penetrated, can see the
bone
◉ Closed Reduction. Answer: Physician manipulates to correct positions
◉ Open Reduction. Answer: Surgical pins or wires secure ends
◉ Comminuted Fracture. Answer: Bone fragments into three or more
pieces. Common with old age when bones are brittle.
◉ Compression fracture. Answer: Bone is crushed. Common in porous
bones subjected to extreme trauma, as in fall (spinal cord compression
fracture -> shortening as someone ages)
◉ Spiral Fracture. Answer: Ragged break occurs when excessive
twisting forces are applied to a bone. Common sports injury.
◉ Epiphyseal Fracture. Answer: Epiphysis separates from the diaphysis
along the epiphyseal plate. Occurs where cartilage cells are dying and
calcification of matrix is occurring.
◉ Depressed Fracture. Answer: Broken bone portion is pressed inward.
Typical skull fracture.
