IV Therapy Midterm review Questions and
Verified Answers
Ph Normal value Correct Answer: 7.35-7.45
Ph out of normal range is called Correct Answer: uncompensated.
Ph in normal range is called Correct Answer: Fully compensated
Ph on the lower end of normal is Correct Answer: acidotic 7.40-7.35
Ph on the higher end of normal Correct Answer: alkalotic 7.40-7.45
Sodium nl range Correct Answer: 135 -145 mEq/L
Potassium Correct Answer: 3.5-4.5 mEq/L
Calcium Correct Answer: 8.5-10.5 mEq/L
Magnesium Correct Answer: 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Phosphate Correct Answer: 3.0-4.5 mEq/L
Chloride Correct Answer: 95-108 mEq/L
Diffusion: (THINK HIGH to LOW) Correct Answer: Passive movement of water,
ions, and lipid-soluble molecules randomly in all directions from a region of high
concentration to an area of low concentration (D for diffusion descends (or goes
down) from high to low concentration)
, Filtration: (think Pressure) Correct Answer: Transfer of water and dissolved
substances from a region of high pressure to a region of low pressure; the force
behind it is hydrostatic pressure
Osmosis: (Think LOW to HIGH) Correct Answer: Movement of water from a lower
concentration toward a higher concentration across a semipermeable membrane
(Osmosis governs the movement of body fluids between the intracellular and ECF
compartments; influences volumes of fluid within each compartment)
Active Transport Correct Answer: When ions, or electrolytes must move from a
lower concentration to higher. Since it takes ENERGY to get from lower to higher
concentration, ATP gets released from the cell so that certain ions will have enough
energy to pass through the cell membrane. It is also called ACTIVE transport
because it uses pumps to move sodium and potassium.(SODIUM-POSTASSIUM
PUMP)
Sensible fluid loss Correct Answer: is measureable like urine output
Insensible fluid loss Correct Answer: not measureable 500 - 1000 mL per day
what increases fluid loss Correct Answer: fevers,, which will increase sweating
(above 101) as well as increased resp. rate (above 20)
renal system Correct Answer: Main regulator of sodium in the body. Filters 170 L of
fluid per day, and you excrete only 1.5 L of urine per day.
Cardiac System Correct Answer: : The pumping of the cardiac muscle allows the
blood to flow through the kidneys under pressure, allowing the kidneys to make
urine.
hypovolemia Correct Answer: When________ is noted, the carotid sinus and aortic
arch respond by stimulating fluid retention.
Verified Answers
Ph Normal value Correct Answer: 7.35-7.45
Ph out of normal range is called Correct Answer: uncompensated.
Ph in normal range is called Correct Answer: Fully compensated
Ph on the lower end of normal is Correct Answer: acidotic 7.40-7.35
Ph on the higher end of normal Correct Answer: alkalotic 7.40-7.45
Sodium nl range Correct Answer: 135 -145 mEq/L
Potassium Correct Answer: 3.5-4.5 mEq/L
Calcium Correct Answer: 8.5-10.5 mEq/L
Magnesium Correct Answer: 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Phosphate Correct Answer: 3.0-4.5 mEq/L
Chloride Correct Answer: 95-108 mEq/L
Diffusion: (THINK HIGH to LOW) Correct Answer: Passive movement of water,
ions, and lipid-soluble molecules randomly in all directions from a region of high
concentration to an area of low concentration (D for diffusion descends (or goes
down) from high to low concentration)
, Filtration: (think Pressure) Correct Answer: Transfer of water and dissolved
substances from a region of high pressure to a region of low pressure; the force
behind it is hydrostatic pressure
Osmosis: (Think LOW to HIGH) Correct Answer: Movement of water from a lower
concentration toward a higher concentration across a semipermeable membrane
(Osmosis governs the movement of body fluids between the intracellular and ECF
compartments; influences volumes of fluid within each compartment)
Active Transport Correct Answer: When ions, or electrolytes must move from a
lower concentration to higher. Since it takes ENERGY to get from lower to higher
concentration, ATP gets released from the cell so that certain ions will have enough
energy to pass through the cell membrane. It is also called ACTIVE transport
because it uses pumps to move sodium and potassium.(SODIUM-POSTASSIUM
PUMP)
Sensible fluid loss Correct Answer: is measureable like urine output
Insensible fluid loss Correct Answer: not measureable 500 - 1000 mL per day
what increases fluid loss Correct Answer: fevers,, which will increase sweating
(above 101) as well as increased resp. rate (above 20)
renal system Correct Answer: Main regulator of sodium in the body. Filters 170 L of
fluid per day, and you excrete only 1.5 L of urine per day.
Cardiac System Correct Answer: : The pumping of the cardiac muscle allows the
blood to flow through the kidneys under pressure, allowing the kidneys to make
urine.
hypovolemia Correct Answer: When________ is noted, the carotid sinus and aortic
arch respond by stimulating fluid retention.
