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Galen pharm exam 4 latest updated
questions and answers with verified
complete solution
Aminoglycosides"Mycins" prototype (Obtain Culture and Sensitivity) -
answer-Gentamycin
Gentamycin clinical use - answer-Used in gram negative sepsis & many
life-threatening infections.Inactive against anaerobic bacteria.
Gentamycin side effects - answer-GI upset, rash, visual disturbances,
photosensitivity, dizziness, weakness
gentamycin adverse reactions - answer-Nausea/ DiarrheaVery OTOTOXIC and
NEPHROTOXIC.(Loop diuretics ↑ototoxicity), Superinfection
gentamycin nursing implications - answer-Monitor for ↑BUN and SERUM
CREATININE for Nephrotoxicity. Monitor I & O, Monitor: Bun, CreatinineShould
be given for NO LONGER than 10 days!!!
Penicillins"Cillins" protoypes (Obtain Culture and Sensitivity) -
answer-Amoxicillin, Ampicillin
(can be given with food. NO Acidic fruits and juices.)
Amoxicillin & Ampicillin clinical use - answer-Broad Spectrum PCNUsed to treat
gram + and gram -, commonly used for respiratory infections, otitis media, H.
Pylori, E. coli
Amoxicillin & Ampicillin side effects - answer-GI disturbance, headaches, rash,
stomatitis, dizziness, anxiety, confusion
Amoxicillin & Ampicillin adverse reactions - answer-Thrombocytopenia,
leukopenia, angioedema, Hepatotoxicity
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Amoxicillin & Ampicillin nursing implications - answer-↓ effectiveness of Oral
contraceptives, assess for allergies to cephalosporins, asthma, Renal impairment
Lab monitor: ALT, AST, BUN, CreatinineMonitor for bleeding
Cephalosporins"Cefs" prototypes (Obtain Culture and Sensitivity) -
answer-Ceftriaxone, Cefpodoxime
Ceftriaxone & Cefpodoxime clinical use - answer-Third generation cephalosporin
Ceftriaxone & Cefpodoxime side effects - answer-GI upset, headaches,
dizziness, rash, dyspepsia
Ceftriaxone & Cefpodoxime adverse reactions - answer-Bleeding, angioedema,
hepatoxicity, agranulocytosis, renal failure
Ceftriaxone & Cefpodoxime nursing implications - answer-Cross-sensitivity w/
penicillin.Give WITH Food! Encourage patients to eat yogurt, buttermilk or use
probiotics to avoid superinfectionMonitor labs: ALT, AST, LDH, PT, INR
Tetracyclines prototype (Obtain Culture and Sensitivity) -
answer-Doxycycline(Vibramycin)
Doxycycline(Vibramycin) clinical use - answer-Broad spectrum, low dose therapy
used to tx ACNESTD's, respiratory infections, UTI's
Doxycycline(Vibramycin) side effects - answer-GI upset, photosensitivity
Doxycycline(Vibramycin) adverse reactions - answer-Discolors teeth permanently
if given to children under 8 yrs.
Doxycycline(Vibramycin) nursing implications - answer-Milk products prevent
absorption.↓ oral contraceptive effectiveness, avoid antacids, iron, Monitor liver
enzymes, BUN Creatinine
Macrolides prototypes (Obtain Culture and Sensitivity) - answer-Erythromycin,
Azithromycin
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Erythromycin & Azithromycin clinical use - answer-Used to treat Otitis Media,
STD's, skin infections, and respiratory infections
Erythromycin & Azithromycin side effects - answer-Photosensitivity, headache, GI
upset, Blurred vision, rash
Erythromycin & Azithromycin adverse reactions - answer-Hepatoxicity,
superinfection, Steven Johnson
Erythromycin & Azithromycin nursing implications - answer-No meals 1 hour
before or 2 hours afterTake on empty stomach w/ full glass water. No antacids 2
hours before or 2 hours afterMonitor labs ALT, AST, ALP, Bilirubin
Sulfonamides"Sulfa" prototype(Obtain Culture and Sensitivity) -
answer-Sulfisoxasole, Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Sulfisoxasole & Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole clinical uses -
answer-Respiratory infections, UTI's, Otitis Media, MRSA, gastroenteritis, E. coli,
Sulfisoxasole & Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole side effects -
answer-Photosensitivity, anorexia, headaches, vertigo, weakness, insomnia
Sulfisoxasole & Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole adverse reactions -
answer-Angioedema, thrombocytopenia, hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, Steven
Johnson syndrome, renal failure
Sulfisoxasole & Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole nursing implications -
answer-Monitor I & 0 and ↑ fluids 2000ml/day, monitor output 1200ml/day ↓ oral
contraceptive effectiveness, caution with Diabetes Mellitus, pregnant women,
hypothyroidism
Peptides prototype (Obtain a culture and sensitivity) - answer-Metronidazole
Metronidazole clinical uses - answer-H. Pylori, STD's, C-diff, lower respiratory
infections, skin infections
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Metronidazole side effects - answer-Headaches, insomnia, weakness, dry mouth,
GI distress,
Metronidazole adverse reactions - answer-Superinfection resulting in oral and
vaginal candidiasis, severe reaction is taken with alcohol, Steven Johnson,
leukopenia, seizures
Metronidazole nursing implications - answer-Monitor liver enzymes, take
immediate release tablet with food, take extended release tablet on empty
stomach, NO ALCOHOL, monitor liver enzymes, BUN, creatinine clearance,
CBC, HBG, Hematocrit
Glycopeptides prototype (Obtain Culture and Sensitivity) - answer-Vancomycin
Vancomycin clinical uses - answer-Tx. Of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus(MRSA)
Vancomycin side effects - answer-Chills, ataxia (loss of balance) dizziness, rash,
GI upset, thrombophlebitis at IV site.
Vancomycin adverse reactions - answer-OTOTOXICNEPHROTOXICSevere
hypotension, tachycardia
Vancomycin nursing implications - answer-Monitor Serum Levels."Red Man
Syndrome" associated w/ rapidI.V. administrationSteven Johnson (blistering rash)
Antiviral Agents(Anti- Herpes Agent) - answer-Acyclovir(Zovirax)
Acyclovir(Zovirax) clinical use - answer-Initial & recurrent genital herpes, Herpes
simplex, shingles. Shortens Herpes episodes
Acyclovir(Zovirax) side effects - answer-GI upset, headaches, tremors, agitation,
rash, lethargy
Acyclovir(Zovirax) adverse reactions - answer-Renal failure, paresthesia's,
neuropathy, blood dyscrasia
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