Nursing 1100 Final Exam Part 1 Questions With Complete
Solutions
A code of ethics is Correct Answers a set of principles that
reflects the primary goals, values, and obligations of the
profession.
Abrasion Correct Answers Friction; rubbing or scarping
epidermal layers of skin; top layer of skin abraded
Acute wounds Correct Answers Ex; surgical incisions. Usually
heal within days to weeks; edges are well approximated (edges
meet to close skin surface) and the risk of infection is lessened.
Advocacy Correct Answers is the protection and support of
another's rights. This bridges the vulnerable patients ad the
resources they need to secure health outcomes. This role is
increasingly important because of patients' changing
expectations and demands, and because in our increasingly
market-driven health care economy there are no guarantees that
the health care system will work to secure their safety and
health.
Altruism Correct Answers concern for welfare and well-being
of others
,American Association of Colleges of Nursing
1998 identified five values that epitomize the caring,
professional nurse. Correct Answers Altruism, Autonomy,
Human Dignity, Integrity, Social Justice
Areas of Concern for Patient Advocates Correct Answers
Representation of patients
Promoting self-determination
Whistle-blowing
Being politically active
Arterial ulcers Correct Answers Injury and underlying
ischemia, resulting from underlying conditions, such as
atherosclerosis or thrombosis
Assessing a Rectal Temperature Correct Answers The rectal
temperature, a core temperature, is considered to be one of the
most accurate routes. The rectal site should not be used in
newborns, children with diarrhea, and in patients who have
undergone rectal surgery or have a disease of the rectum.
Because the insertion of the thermometer into the rectum can
slow the heart rate by stimulating the vagus nerve, assessing a
rectal temperature for patients with heart disease or after cardiac
surgery may not be allowed in some institutions. In addition,
,assessing a rectal temperature is contraindicated in patients who
are neutropenic (have low white blood cell counts, such as in
leukemia) and in patients who have certain neurologic disorders
(e.g., spinal cord injuries). Do not insert a rectal thermometer
into a patient who has a low platelet count. The rectum is very
vascular, and a thermometer could cause rectal bleeding. Rectal
temperature readings are approximately 1 degree higher than
oral
Assessing a Temporal Artery Temperature Correct Answers
Temporal artery temperature readings are approximately equal
to oral
Assessing a Tympanic Membrane Temperature Correct Answers
Should not be used for patients who have drainage from the ear,
ear pain, ear infection, or scars on the tympanic membrane.
Tympanic temperature readings are approximately equal to oral
Assessing an Axillary Temperature Correct Answers The
axillary site may be used when both oral and rectal sites are
contraindicated or when these sites are inaccessible. Place the
probe in the center of the axilla; hold the patient's arm by the
patient's side until the measurement is complete. Axillary
temperature readings are approximately 1 degree lower than
oral.
, Assessing Oral Temperature Correct Answers Patient must be
able to close his or her mouth around the probe. The probe must
remain in the sublingual pocket for the full period of
measurement. If a patient has had either hot or cold food or
fluids or has been smoking or chewing gum, the general
recommendation is to wait 15 to 30 minutes to allow the oral
tissues to return to normal temperature. Oral temperatures
should not be taken in people with diseases of the oral cavity
and in those who have had surgery of the nose or mouth. In
addition, oral temperatures should not be assessed in patients
receiving oxygen by mask, because the time it takes to assess a
reading is likely to result in a serious drop in the patient's blood
oxygen level. Oral temperature readings range from 35.8°C to
37.5°C (96.4°F-99.5°F)
Autonomy Correct Answers right to self-determination.
Respects the rights of patients or their surrogates to make health
care decisions. Implications: Provide the information and
support patients and families needs to make the decision that is
right for them, including collaborating with other members of
the health care team to advocate for the patient.
Avulsion Correct Answers Tearing a structure form normal
anatomic position; possible damage to blood vessels, nerves, and
other structures
Solutions
A code of ethics is Correct Answers a set of principles that
reflects the primary goals, values, and obligations of the
profession.
Abrasion Correct Answers Friction; rubbing or scarping
epidermal layers of skin; top layer of skin abraded
Acute wounds Correct Answers Ex; surgical incisions. Usually
heal within days to weeks; edges are well approximated (edges
meet to close skin surface) and the risk of infection is lessened.
Advocacy Correct Answers is the protection and support of
another's rights. This bridges the vulnerable patients ad the
resources they need to secure health outcomes. This role is
increasingly important because of patients' changing
expectations and demands, and because in our increasingly
market-driven health care economy there are no guarantees that
the health care system will work to secure their safety and
health.
Altruism Correct Answers concern for welfare and well-being
of others
,American Association of Colleges of Nursing
1998 identified five values that epitomize the caring,
professional nurse. Correct Answers Altruism, Autonomy,
Human Dignity, Integrity, Social Justice
Areas of Concern for Patient Advocates Correct Answers
Representation of patients
Promoting self-determination
Whistle-blowing
Being politically active
Arterial ulcers Correct Answers Injury and underlying
ischemia, resulting from underlying conditions, such as
atherosclerosis or thrombosis
Assessing a Rectal Temperature Correct Answers The rectal
temperature, a core temperature, is considered to be one of the
most accurate routes. The rectal site should not be used in
newborns, children with diarrhea, and in patients who have
undergone rectal surgery or have a disease of the rectum.
Because the insertion of the thermometer into the rectum can
slow the heart rate by stimulating the vagus nerve, assessing a
rectal temperature for patients with heart disease or after cardiac
surgery may not be allowed in some institutions. In addition,
,assessing a rectal temperature is contraindicated in patients who
are neutropenic (have low white blood cell counts, such as in
leukemia) and in patients who have certain neurologic disorders
(e.g., spinal cord injuries). Do not insert a rectal thermometer
into a patient who has a low platelet count. The rectum is very
vascular, and a thermometer could cause rectal bleeding. Rectal
temperature readings are approximately 1 degree higher than
oral
Assessing a Temporal Artery Temperature Correct Answers
Temporal artery temperature readings are approximately equal
to oral
Assessing a Tympanic Membrane Temperature Correct Answers
Should not be used for patients who have drainage from the ear,
ear pain, ear infection, or scars on the tympanic membrane.
Tympanic temperature readings are approximately equal to oral
Assessing an Axillary Temperature Correct Answers The
axillary site may be used when both oral and rectal sites are
contraindicated or when these sites are inaccessible. Place the
probe in the center of the axilla; hold the patient's arm by the
patient's side until the measurement is complete. Axillary
temperature readings are approximately 1 degree lower than
oral.
, Assessing Oral Temperature Correct Answers Patient must be
able to close his or her mouth around the probe. The probe must
remain in the sublingual pocket for the full period of
measurement. If a patient has had either hot or cold food or
fluids or has been smoking or chewing gum, the general
recommendation is to wait 15 to 30 minutes to allow the oral
tissues to return to normal temperature. Oral temperatures
should not be taken in people with diseases of the oral cavity
and in those who have had surgery of the nose or mouth. In
addition, oral temperatures should not be assessed in patients
receiving oxygen by mask, because the time it takes to assess a
reading is likely to result in a serious drop in the patient's blood
oxygen level. Oral temperature readings range from 35.8°C to
37.5°C (96.4°F-99.5°F)
Autonomy Correct Answers right to self-determination.
Respects the rights of patients or their surrogates to make health
care decisions. Implications: Provide the information and
support patients and families needs to make the decision that is
right for them, including collaborating with other members of
the health care team to advocate for the patient.
Avulsion Correct Answers Tearing a structure form normal
anatomic position; possible damage to blood vessels, nerves, and
other structures
