Page | 1
KU BIOL 600 EXAM 1 Review Questions,
Biochem final Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
DNA is made from the building blocks adenine, guanine, cytosine,
and...
⼀Answer:⼀ thymine
The number of hydrogen bonds formed between A and T
⼀Answer:⼀ 2
The number of hydrogen bonds formed between C and G
⼀Answer:⼀ 3
The cellular process of synthesis of RNA from DNA template is
called
⼀Answer:⼀ Transcription
....are cells which are composed of multiple specialized
membrane-bound
compartments.
⼀Answer:⼀ Eukaryotic cells
Broad class of biological macromolecules that are hydrophobic
and function as membrane
barrier, signaling molecules, and fuel storage, among others
, Page | 2
⼀Answer:⼀ lipids
Cellular organelle where glycosylation occurs.
⼀Answer:⼀ Golgi apparatus
Organelle that can be 'rough' or 'smooth' and is responsible for
protein processing and
xenobiotic metabolism
⼀Answer:⼀ endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Organelle filled with proteases and other digestive enzymes
⼀Answer:⼀ lysosome
What are the four key classes of biomolecules?
⼀Answer:⼀ proteins, nucleic acids (DNA/RNA), carbohydrates, and
lipids
How do eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells?
⼀Answer:⼀ eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles,
prokaryotic cells do not
Draw a diagram for the central dogma of biology
⼀Answer:⼀
What two classes of biomolecules are capable of catalysis?
⼀Answer:⼀ proteins and RNA
, Page | 3
Which biomolecules are chiefly responsible for catalysis of cellular
processes?
⼀Answer:⼀ proteins
DNA and RNA are composed of what basic biochemical
compounds?
⼀Answer:⼀ nucleotides
...weak interaction between water molecules.
⼀Answer:⼀ hydrogen bonding
Which type of amino acids are responsible for increasing entropy
as a protein folds.
⼀Answer:⼀ hydrophobic/nonpolar amino acids
Using Coulomb's law, describe how water is an ideal solvent for
the ions found in cells?
⼀Answer:⼀ Water has a high D, dielectric constant, which makes F
lower. F is the force needed to dissolve ions with charges q1 and q2
What is the significance of hydrogen bonding in biochemical
structures such as DNA?
⼀Answer:⼀ The weak nature of H bonds (compared to covalent
bonds) allow the two DNA strands to be 'unzipped' during replication,
and to reform again, with less energy
What is an electrostatic interaction? Give an example.
, Page | 4
⼀Answer:⼀ Electrostatic or ionic interactions are between charged
groups, or between ions
Like the R groups of Arg and Lys. Or the amino group (-NH3
+) and the carboxyl group (-COO-)
Give another name for van der Waals interactions.
⼀Answer:⼀ hydrophobic/nonpolar interactions
If most proteins are found surrounded by water in the cell, what
type of functional groups would you expect to
find on the surface of a water soluble protein?
⼀Answer:⼀ polar/ionic amino acids
What is the second law of thermodynamics and why does protein
folding (which increases order in the
protein) occur spontaneously?
⼀Answer:⼀ Entropy of the universe increases for a spontaneous
reaction. Entropy of water used to solvate the nonpolar groups
increase in entropy during protein folding.
How do hydrophobic interactions aid in protein folding?
⼀Answer:⼀ Hydrophobic interactions exclude water (which increases
in entropy). Hydrophobic groups come together to form a hydrophobic
core (for example, of proteins).
Write out the Henderson-Hasselbach equation. What is the pH of a
solution where the concentration of conjugate base is equal to the
concentration of the acid?
KU BIOL 600 EXAM 1 Review Questions,
Biochem final Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
DNA is made from the building blocks adenine, guanine, cytosine,
and...
⼀Answer:⼀ thymine
The number of hydrogen bonds formed between A and T
⼀Answer:⼀ 2
The number of hydrogen bonds formed between C and G
⼀Answer:⼀ 3
The cellular process of synthesis of RNA from DNA template is
called
⼀Answer:⼀ Transcription
....are cells which are composed of multiple specialized
membrane-bound
compartments.
⼀Answer:⼀ Eukaryotic cells
Broad class of biological macromolecules that are hydrophobic
and function as membrane
barrier, signaling molecules, and fuel storage, among others
, Page | 2
⼀Answer:⼀ lipids
Cellular organelle where glycosylation occurs.
⼀Answer:⼀ Golgi apparatus
Organelle that can be 'rough' or 'smooth' and is responsible for
protein processing and
xenobiotic metabolism
⼀Answer:⼀ endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Organelle filled with proteases and other digestive enzymes
⼀Answer:⼀ lysosome
What are the four key classes of biomolecules?
⼀Answer:⼀ proteins, nucleic acids (DNA/RNA), carbohydrates, and
lipids
How do eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells?
⼀Answer:⼀ eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles,
prokaryotic cells do not
Draw a diagram for the central dogma of biology
⼀Answer:⼀
What two classes of biomolecules are capable of catalysis?
⼀Answer:⼀ proteins and RNA
, Page | 3
Which biomolecules are chiefly responsible for catalysis of cellular
processes?
⼀Answer:⼀ proteins
DNA and RNA are composed of what basic biochemical
compounds?
⼀Answer:⼀ nucleotides
...weak interaction between water molecules.
⼀Answer:⼀ hydrogen bonding
Which type of amino acids are responsible for increasing entropy
as a protein folds.
⼀Answer:⼀ hydrophobic/nonpolar amino acids
Using Coulomb's law, describe how water is an ideal solvent for
the ions found in cells?
⼀Answer:⼀ Water has a high D, dielectric constant, which makes F
lower. F is the force needed to dissolve ions with charges q1 and q2
What is the significance of hydrogen bonding in biochemical
structures such as DNA?
⼀Answer:⼀ The weak nature of H bonds (compared to covalent
bonds) allow the two DNA strands to be 'unzipped' during replication,
and to reform again, with less energy
What is an electrostatic interaction? Give an example.
, Page | 4
⼀Answer:⼀ Electrostatic or ionic interactions are between charged
groups, or between ions
Like the R groups of Arg and Lys. Or the amino group (-NH3
+) and the carboxyl group (-COO-)
Give another name for van der Waals interactions.
⼀Answer:⼀ hydrophobic/nonpolar interactions
If most proteins are found surrounded by water in the cell, what
type of functional groups would you expect to
find on the surface of a water soluble protein?
⼀Answer:⼀ polar/ionic amino acids
What is the second law of thermodynamics and why does protein
folding (which increases order in the
protein) occur spontaneously?
⼀Answer:⼀ Entropy of the universe increases for a spontaneous
reaction. Entropy of water used to solvate the nonpolar groups
increase in entropy during protein folding.
How do hydrophobic interactions aid in protein folding?
⼀Answer:⼀ Hydrophobic interactions exclude water (which increases
in entropy). Hydrophobic groups come together to form a hydrophobic
core (for example, of proteins).
Write out the Henderson-Hasselbach equation. What is the pH of a
solution where the concentration of conjugate base is equal to the
concentration of the acid?
