CRATEXAMQUESTIONSWITHCORRECT v v v v
ANSWERS 2025/2026 RATED A+ v v v v
Chronotropic - CORRECT ANSWER -heart rate v v v v v
Inotropic- CORRECT ANSWER -force of myocardial contractility
v v v v v v v
Dromotropic - CORRECT ANSWER -conduction velocity through the AV node
v v v v v v v v v
Systole - CORRECT ANSWER -contraction of chamber, blood isbeing ejected. Pressure rises during
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
systole.
v
Diastole - CORRECT ANSWER -rest, relaxation of chamber, chamber isallowed to fill. Pressure falls
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
during diastole.
v v
Stroke Volume - CORRECT ANSWER -the amount of blood left ventricle pumps in each beat. (mL/beat)
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Cardiac output- definition - CORRECT ANSWER -The amount of blood pumped into the aorta each
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
minute. (units= mL/min)
v v v
Cardiac output- equation - CORRECT ANSWER -(HR) X (Stroke Volume) Avg. healthy adult= 4-8 L/min
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Venous return - CORRECT ANSWER -amount of blood flowing into the right heart from the systemic
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
ciruclation
v
, Blood Pressure- definition - CORRECT ANSWER -force exerted by the blood against the walls of the
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
arteries as the ventricles contract and relax
v v v v v v v
Blood pressure- equation - CORRECT ANSWER -(cardiac output) X (peripheral resistance) or you
v v v v v v v v v v v v
could put it another way: (HR)(Stroke Volume)(Peripheral Resistance)
v v v v v v v v
An increase in Potassium or decrease in Calcium cause the heart to be
v v v v v v v v v v v v v .- CORRECT
v v
ANSWER -flaccid, limp, dilated, lower HR
v v v v v v
Excess Calcium can cause the heart to be
v v v v v v v v . - CORRECT ANSWER -spastic contractions.
v v v v v
Although about 70% of ventricular filling occurs passively,
v v contributesan v v v v v v v
additional 10% to 30% of blood flow to ventricular filling. - CORRECT ANSWER -atrial kick
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
The area in the middle of the thoracic cavity in which the heart lies is the: - CORRECT ANSWER -
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Mediastinum
v
The inferior surface of the heart is formed by the - CORRECT ANSWER -Right and left ventricles
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae and the coronary sinus - CORRECT
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
ANSWER -The right atrium
v v v v
The right ventricle - CORRECT ANSWER -Pumps unoxygenated blood into the pulmonary circulation
v v v v v v v v v v v v
The v pericardium is the inner layer of the pericardium, which is also the outer layer of the v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
heart wall called the
v v . - CORRECT ANSWER -Visceral, epicardium
v v v v v v v v
ANSWERS 2025/2026 RATED A+ v v v v
Chronotropic - CORRECT ANSWER -heart rate v v v v v
Inotropic- CORRECT ANSWER -force of myocardial contractility
v v v v v v v
Dromotropic - CORRECT ANSWER -conduction velocity through the AV node
v v v v v v v v v
Systole - CORRECT ANSWER -contraction of chamber, blood isbeing ejected. Pressure rises during
v v v v v v v v v v v v v
systole.
v
Diastole - CORRECT ANSWER -rest, relaxation of chamber, chamber isallowed to fill. Pressure falls
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
during diastole.
v v
Stroke Volume - CORRECT ANSWER -the amount of blood left ventricle pumps in each beat. (mL/beat)
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Cardiac output- definition - CORRECT ANSWER -The amount of blood pumped into the aorta each
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
minute. (units= mL/min)
v v v
Cardiac output- equation - CORRECT ANSWER -(HR) X (Stroke Volume) Avg. healthy adult= 4-8 L/min
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Venous return - CORRECT ANSWER -amount of blood flowing into the right heart from the systemic
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
ciruclation
v
, Blood Pressure- definition - CORRECT ANSWER -force exerted by the blood against the walls of the
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
arteries as the ventricles contract and relax
v v v v v v v
Blood pressure- equation - CORRECT ANSWER -(cardiac output) X (peripheral resistance) or you
v v v v v v v v v v v v
could put it another way: (HR)(Stroke Volume)(Peripheral Resistance)
v v v v v v v v
An increase in Potassium or decrease in Calcium cause the heart to be
v v v v v v v v v v v v v .- CORRECT
v v
ANSWER -flaccid, limp, dilated, lower HR
v v v v v v
Excess Calcium can cause the heart to be
v v v v v v v v . - CORRECT ANSWER -spastic contractions.
v v v v v
Although about 70% of ventricular filling occurs passively,
v v contributesan v v v v v v v
additional 10% to 30% of blood flow to ventricular filling. - CORRECT ANSWER -atrial kick
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
The area in the middle of the thoracic cavity in which the heart lies is the: - CORRECT ANSWER -
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Mediastinum
v
The inferior surface of the heart is formed by the - CORRECT ANSWER -Right and left ventricles
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
Receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae and the coronary sinus - CORRECT
v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
ANSWER -The right atrium
v v v v
The right ventricle - CORRECT ANSWER -Pumps unoxygenated blood into the pulmonary circulation
v v v v v v v v v v v v
The v pericardium is the inner layer of the pericardium, which is also the outer layer of the v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v
heart wall called the
v v . - CORRECT ANSWER -Visceral, epicardium
v v v v v v v v
