📖 Types & Importance of Hadith
Hadith Qawli – sayings of the Prophet (e.g., “Actions depend on intentions”).
Hadith Fili – actions performed by the Prophet (e.g., raising hands in dua).
Hadith Taqriri – approvals; the Prophet’s silence in the presence of a
companion’s act is taken as endorsement.
Hadith Qudsi – meaning from Allah, wording from the Prophet.
Importance – After the Qur’an, Hadith is the second source of Islamic law. It provides
detailed explanations and practical examples of Qur’anic rulings. Denying Hadith
equates to denying Islam, constituting a serious fitnah.
🗂️ Collection & Compilation of Hadith
Period Timeframe Key Features Representative
Works
First Period Prophet’s era & Oral transmission; Sahifah of Abdullah
companions some companions ibn Amr, Sahifah of
wrote scrolls, Hammam
letters, legal ibn Munabbih
documents (e.g.,
“Kitab
al‑Sadaqah”).
Second Period 100‑200 Hijri Caliph Muwatta (Imam
Umar bin Abdul Aziz Malik), Kitab
ordered systematic al‑Athar (students
collection; early of Imam
written Abu Hanifa)
compilations
emerged.
Third Period After 200 Hijri Major authentic Sahih Bukhari,
(Golden Era) collections Sahih Muslim,
(Sihah Sitta) Sunan
compiled; sciences Abu Dawood, etc.
of Usul al‑Hadith
and Asma al‑Rijal
developed.
, 📚 Sihah Sitta (Six Authentic Books)
No. Book Compiler Death (AH)
1 Sahih Imam Muhammad ibn Ismail al‑Bukhari 256
al‑Bukhari
2 Sahih Imam Muslim ibn al‑Hajjaj 261
Muslim
3 Jami‘ Imam Abu Isa al‑Tirmidhi 279
al‑Tirmidhi
4 Sunan Imam Abu Dawood Sulaiman 275
Abu Dawood
5 Sunan Imam Ahmad al‑Nasa’i 303
al‑Nasa’i
6 Sunan Imam Muhammad ibn Yazid Ibn Majah 273
Ibn Majah
📖 Usul al‑Arba‘ah (Four Principle Books – Shia
Tradition)
No. Book Compiler Death (AH)
1 Al‑Kafi Abu Ja‘far al‑Kulayni 329
2 Man La Yahduruhu Abu Ja‘far al‑Qummi 381
al‑Faqih
3 Tahdhib al‑Ahkam Abu Ja‘far al‑Tusi 460
4 Al‑Istibsar Abu Ja‘far al‑Tusi 460
🛡️ Preservation of Hadith
1. Memory (Hifz) – Arabs possessed remarkable memorization; companions
memorized thousands of narrations.
Hadith Qawli – sayings of the Prophet (e.g., “Actions depend on intentions”).
Hadith Fili – actions performed by the Prophet (e.g., raising hands in dua).
Hadith Taqriri – approvals; the Prophet’s silence in the presence of a
companion’s act is taken as endorsement.
Hadith Qudsi – meaning from Allah, wording from the Prophet.
Importance – After the Qur’an, Hadith is the second source of Islamic law. It provides
detailed explanations and practical examples of Qur’anic rulings. Denying Hadith
equates to denying Islam, constituting a serious fitnah.
🗂️ Collection & Compilation of Hadith
Period Timeframe Key Features Representative
Works
First Period Prophet’s era & Oral transmission; Sahifah of Abdullah
companions some companions ibn Amr, Sahifah of
wrote scrolls, Hammam
letters, legal ibn Munabbih
documents (e.g.,
“Kitab
al‑Sadaqah”).
Second Period 100‑200 Hijri Caliph Muwatta (Imam
Umar bin Abdul Aziz Malik), Kitab
ordered systematic al‑Athar (students
collection; early of Imam
written Abu Hanifa)
compilations
emerged.
Third Period After 200 Hijri Major authentic Sahih Bukhari,
(Golden Era) collections Sahih Muslim,
(Sihah Sitta) Sunan
compiled; sciences Abu Dawood, etc.
of Usul al‑Hadith
and Asma al‑Rijal
developed.
, 📚 Sihah Sitta (Six Authentic Books)
No. Book Compiler Death (AH)
1 Sahih Imam Muhammad ibn Ismail al‑Bukhari 256
al‑Bukhari
2 Sahih Imam Muslim ibn al‑Hajjaj 261
Muslim
3 Jami‘ Imam Abu Isa al‑Tirmidhi 279
al‑Tirmidhi
4 Sunan Imam Abu Dawood Sulaiman 275
Abu Dawood
5 Sunan Imam Ahmad al‑Nasa’i 303
al‑Nasa’i
6 Sunan Imam Muhammad ibn Yazid Ibn Majah 273
Ibn Majah
📖 Usul al‑Arba‘ah (Four Principle Books – Shia
Tradition)
No. Book Compiler Death (AH)
1 Al‑Kafi Abu Ja‘far al‑Kulayni 329
2 Man La Yahduruhu Abu Ja‘far al‑Qummi 381
al‑Faqih
3 Tahdhib al‑Ahkam Abu Ja‘far al‑Tusi 460
4 Al‑Istibsar Abu Ja‘far al‑Tusi 460
🛡️ Preservation of Hadith
1. Memory (Hifz) – Arabs possessed remarkable memorization; companions
memorized thousands of narrations.
