Health and Addiction into Nursing
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
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Theory of Psychodynamic Nursing - ANSWER ✓ Hildegard Peplau
Understanding one's own behaviour to help others identify difficulties and
applying principles of human relations to problems arising during the experience
Dynamic Nurse-Patient Relationship - ANSWER ✓ Ida Jean Orlando; focuses on
the whole patient
Jean Watson - ANSWER ✓ Theory of Human Caring; Science of caring was
initiated by Jean Watson (1979)- based on the belief that caring is the foundation
of nursing
Patricia Benner - ANSWER ✓ It is based upon the lived experience of health and
illness
Novice to expert Theory
-novice
-advanced beginner
-competent
-proficient
-expert
Philip Barker's Tidal Model - ANSWER ✓ Emphasizes the centrality of the lived
experience
, Psychoanalytic theory - ANSWER ✓ A theory developed by Freud that attempts
to explain personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on
unconscious determinants of behavior. (study of unconscious and personality and
its development). Psychoanalysis is a major concept of this
Psychoanalysis - ANSWER ✓ A therapeutic process of accessing the unconscious
and resolving conflicts that originated in childhood.
Not effective treatment for mental disorders, but respected for enhancing maturity
and growth
Gestalt Therapy - ANSWER ✓ Focuses on insight into patients and their relations
to the world, and often uses role playing to aid the resolution of past conflicts
Application of Behavioural Therapies to PMHN - ANSWER ✓ Widespread use of
behavioural theories in practice
Patient education interventions
Changing an entrenched habit
Privilege systems and token economies
Developmental Theories - ANSWER ✓ Comprehensive explanations about why
people act and behave the way they do and how they CHANGE over time.
Erik Erikson (Psychosocial development); Jean Piaget (learning in children); and
Carol Gilligan (Gender differentiation)
Applicability of developmental theories to PMHN - ANSWER ✓ Nurses can use
developmental models to help determine development and mood
Limitations of the models based on assumptions of linear progressions
Do not account for gender differences and diversity in lifestyles and cultures
Family Dynamics - ANSWER ✓ Patterned interpersonal and social interactions
Spiritual Theories - ANSWER ✓ Frankl's Logotherapy
Yalom's Existential Psychotherapy
Interpersonal Relations Model - ANSWER ✓ Hildegard Peplau
-focus on individual
-person lives in unstable equilibrium and must reduce anxiety
-equilibrium accomplished only upon death
,-health is forward movement of personality
-therapeutic and interpersonal process
Ida Jean Orlando's Dynamic nurse-patient relationship
Caring Theories - ANSWER ✓ Patricia Benner; Jean Watson; and Philp Barker's
Tidal Model
Biologic Theories - ANSWER ✓ Important in understanding the manifestations of
mental disorders and caring for people with these illnesses.
Importance is growing as knowledge of the brian grows.
Humanistic Theories - ANSWER ✓ Roger's client-centred theory
Gestalt therapy
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Applicabiity of family theories to PMHN - ANSWER ✓ Assessment of family
dynamics
Planning interventions for families
Frankl's Logotherapy - ANSWER ✓ Focused on helping a person find meaning in
life
Yalom's Existential Psychotherapy - ANSWER ✓ Considers central life concerns
as death, freedom, isolation, and meaninglessness
Applicability of spiritual theories to psychiatric and mental health nursing -
ANSWER ✓ Helps explore the way the search for meaning in life and death
shapes human development, experience, and understanding
________ is placed at the centre of mental health reform - ANSWER ✓ Nurses
will need to assess, and perhaps adapt their current theoretical perspectives in
regard to the centrality of RECOVERY
How do we see symptom expression of mental health issues? - ANSWER ✓
Through behavioural symptoms; such as hallucinations or delusion which indicates
brain dysfunction
, Risk Factors for Mental Illness - ANSWER ✓ Gender, genetic, psychological,
social, family history, and developmental.
e.g. lack of social support, inability to read, exposure to bullying.
Structural Neuroimaging - ANSWER ✓ Allows for visualization of the brain
neuroimaging technique such as CT and MRI scans that provides highly detailed
images of anatomical features in the brain
Computed Tomography - ANSWER ✓ X-Rays and measuring tissue density
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - ANSWER ✓ Magnetic field to produce images,
can reconstruct three-dimensional structures, and more costly and complicated than
CT
a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-
generated images that distinguish among different types of soft tissue; allows us to
see structures within the brain. (MRI)
Functional Neuroimaging - ANSWER ✓ Measurement of physiologic activities;
allows researchers to study such activities as cerebral blood flow, neuroreceptor
location and function, and distribution patterns of specific chemicals within the
brain.
A type of brain scanning that provides information about which areas of the brain
are active when a person performs a particular behaviour
Two Primary Imaging Procedures of Functional Neuroimaging - ANSWER ✓
Positiron Emission Tomography (PET)
Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
Cerebrum - ANSWER ✓ Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary
muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory. Makes up
about 80% of the human brain.
Left and Right Hemispheres of the CNS - ANSWER ✓ The cerebrum can be
roughly divided into two halves; each hemisphere controls functioning mainly on
the opposite side of the body
Lobes of the brain - ANSWER ✓ Frontal
Parietal